The Reform Movement of 1898, also known as the Reform Movement of 1898, the Reform Movement and the Reform Movement, is a bourgeois reform movement represented by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao in the late Qing Dynasty, which advocated learning from the West, advocating science and culture, reforming politics and education systems, and developing agriculture, industry and commerce through Emperor Guangxu.
The Reform Movement of 1898 was implemented in June 1898+0 1. Its main contents include: reforming government institutions, abolishing redundant staff and appointing reformers; Encourage private enterprises to set up industrial and mining enterprises; Open new schools to attract talents, translate western books and spread new ideas; Establish newspapers and open their opinions; Train the new army and navy, abolish the imperial examination stereotyped writing, and abolish redundant yamen and useless official positions.
Because the reform harmed the interests of the old school headed by Empress Dowager Cixi, it was strongly resisted. 1Sept. 2, 8981Empress Dowager Cixi and others launched the coup of the Reform Movement of 1898, Emperor Guangxu was imprisoned, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao fled to France, Japan respectively, and Tan Sitong and other six gentlemen of the Reform Movement were killed, which lasted 103 days and failed.
The Reform Movement of 1898 was a patriotic reform movement, an important political reform in the modern history of China, and also an enlightenment trend of thought. This reform promoted ideological emancipation and played an important role in promoting the development of ideological culture and the progress of modern China society.
Historical background
/kloc-the second half of the 0/9th century is the stage of rapid development of capitalism. During this period, the rapid development of science and technology triggered the second industrial revolution. The second industrial revolution promoted the rapid development of capitalism and began to transition to monopoly stage.
The United States, Germany, Britain, France and other countries that have already established capitalist systems are among the best in the world, while Russia and Japan, which are relatively backward, have also become strong rapidly after developing capitalism. In this situation, changing the old system and productive forces and developing capitalism became the world trend at that time.
/kloc-In the late 20th century, capitalist countries in Europe and America gained more people's right to vote and participate in political power through parliamentary reform, and their political democratization was further expanded. Britain, the United States and other countries have realized the reform of the civil service system, rectified bureaucracy and improved the efficiency of administrative management, thus ensuring the normal operation of capitalist society.