1. Types of paper: \xd\1. Packaging paper: \xd\ white paperboard kraft paper corrugated cardboard paperboard tea paperboard sheepskin, goose skin paper cigarette paper silicone oil paper paper paper cup (bag) base paper coated paper cellophane oil-proof and moisture-proof transparent paper aluminum foil paper trademark, label paper fruit bag paper \xd\2. Printing paper: Coated paper newsprint light weight coated paper light paper offset paper writing paper bible paper book paper \xd\3. Industrial paper: \xd\ Release paper carbon paper insulating paper filter paper test paper capacitor paper pressure plate paper dust-free paper impregnated paper sandpaper antirust paper \xd\4. Office and cultural paper: \xd\ Tracing, drawing paper other copying paper, art paper, facsimile paper, printing paper, photographic paper, rice paper, thermal paper, color jet paper \xd\5. Household paper: \xd\ toilet paper, tissue paper, napkin paper, sanitary towel paper, etc. \xd\6. Special paper: \xd\ decorative base paper, pattern paper, gold and silver cardboard \ xd \ xd. Xd\1. Newsprint \xd\ is commonly known as white newspaper, which is characterized by softness, porosity, certain institutional strength and good absorbability. It can make the ink penetrate and fix in a short time, and it will not stick when folded. It is used to print newspapers, periodicals and general books on high-speed rotary machines. The basis weight of newsprint is 51g/m2, and the width of roll newsprint is 1572mm, 1562mm, 787mm and 781mm. The size of planographic paper is 787mm w 192mm. Newsprint is suitable for printing and opaque, but its whiteness is low and its surface smoothness is different. When printing pictures, coarse mesh should be used, which is easy to turn yellow and brittle after sunlight, so it is not suitable for long-term storage. \xd\2. Carton board \xd\ is also called hemp board, which is a relatively strong cardboard used in cartons and is widely used for shipping books, department stores, radios, televisions, machine parts and food. Quantities are 2g/m2, 31g/m2, 42g/m2 and 53g/m2. Smooth surface and good mechanical strength. \xd\3. Coated paper \xd\ is also called coated paper, which is an advanced printing paper made by coating a layer of white coating made of calcium carbonate or white clay and adhesive on the base paper, drying and calendering. Because of its fineness and whiteness, high smoothness and glossiness, and moderate oil absorption, it is suitable for copper plate printing or offset printing, printing colorful or monochromatic pictorial, pictures, calendars, maps and books, and is also packaging and printing paper. It is divided into single-sided coating and double-sided coating, and the two kinds are divided into special number, No.1, No.2 and No.3, and the quantitative is 8 g/m2 to 25 g/m2. Coated paper requires high coating strength, no powder loss, and can be suitable for fine screen printing with more than 6 lines/cm. \xd\4. Offset paper \xd\ formerly known as "Dowling paper" is used for books and periodicals by offset press. Suitable for printing monochrome or multicolor book covers, text, inserts, pictorial, maps, posters, colored trademarks and various packaging products. Offset printing paper is divided into special number, No.1 and No.2, and the basis weight ranges from 7g/m2 to 15g/m2. Pulp has high strength and printability. Offset printing is a relatively advanced printing paper for books and periodicals, which requires high contrast, expansion and contraction rate and surface strength, and its acidity and alkalinity should be close to neutral or weakly alkaline, so as not to affect the printing paper, with a quantitative of 4 g/m2 to 8 g/m2. In recent years, low-quantity offset newsprint and offset book paper have been successfully trial-produced for offset paper and books. \xd\5. Letterpress paper \xd\ A kind of paper suitable for letterpress printing of various books, stationery and magazines. The basis weight is 52g/m2 and 6g/m2. There are two kinds of paper: roll paper and flat paper. The smoothness is 3m and the opacity is not less than 88%. Letterpress printing paper is a widely used book paper, which is slightly smoother than newsprint and has a longer shelf life, but it is easy to lose hair and powder, so it is not suitable for printing books and periodicals by offset printing. This kind of paper writes easily. \xd\\xd\6. Straw cardboard \xd\ is also called yellow cardboard or toilet paper, which is yellow packaging cardboard. It is mainly used for the packaging of goods, the cover lining of paper boxes and books. The ration is 2g/m2 to 86g/m2. Commonly used are 42g on the 8th, 53g on the 1th and 64g on the 12th. Straw cardboard requires compact and firm quality, smooth paper surface, and certain mechanical strength and toughness. \xd\7. White cardboard \xd\ is also called Manila paper, which is a relatively advanced white packaging cardboard. It is used to print educational pictures of children and trademarks of stationery, cosmetics and medicines. The ration is 2g/m2 to 4g/m2. Uniform thickness, lint-free, powder-free, tough and not easy to break when folded. \xd\8. Binding board \xd\ Important materials for book boxes, such as white board and yellow cardboard box board, are mainly used to make hardcover book cases and envelopes. The hardcover book case with cardboard as the skeleton has the advantages of firmness, beauty and long-term preservation. \xd\9. Calcium Shuo paper \xd\ is similar to paper in appearance, resistant to water immersion, non-hygroscopic, not easy to burn, with high bursting resistance and tearing resistance, and low production cost. It is made by strong kneading and calendering at 16 degrees, and its thickness is similar to that of card paper. It can also be made into thicker cardboard, which has a certain ability to absorb ink and can print clear pictures and words. It can be used to print books and cards, securities, labels and color printed matter, and can also be used to make corrugated cardboard boxes to transport food and goods that need moisture-proof and oil resistance. \xd\1. Kraft paper \xd\ is tough and water-resistant packaging paper, which is brownish yellow and has a wide range of uses. It is often used to make paper bags, envelopes, record covers, files and sandpaper. The quantitative range is 4 g/m2 to 12 g/m2, and there are differences between rolled paper and flat paper, as well as single-sided, double-sided and striped. The main quality requirements are flexibility and firmness, high bursting resistance, and being able to withstand large tensile force and pressure without cracking. \xd\11. Cellophane \xd\ is also called transparent paper, which is high-grade packaging and decorative paper as transparent as glass. It is used to wrap food, shirts, cigarettes, cosmetics and other commodities. The ration is 3 g/m2. In addition to transparent and colorless, there are many colors such as gold, pink and green. Cellophane is airtight, oil and water, soft and tough, colorless, transparent and shiny. After sealing, it can be moisture-proof and rust-proof, but it will crack with a slight crack. Because of its great longitudinal strength, it can make paper rope. Waste cellophane cannot be recycled. \xd\12. The sealing paper \ xd \ xd \ is a kind of extremely thin single-sided optical writing paper, with a basis weight of only 2g/m2. It was originally mainly used for sealing stamps and insured letters. Now it is mostly used in cosmetics, fruit and food packaging and cigarette lining. After printing and waxing, it can be used as candy wrapping paper, and can also be used to print documents, subpoenas or multi-page carbon paper instead of typing paper and copying paper. Quality requirements are thin and tough, with good transparency, high tension and low air permeability. \xd\13. China calligraphy and painting paper \xd\ is paper for writing and painting with a brush, including meta-book paper, Xuan paper and frilled paper. Yuanshu paper is made of plant fibers such as bamboo, bark, rags, old hemp and rice straw by soaking, cooking, natural bleaching and grinding. It is made into paper by hand on bamboo curtain, pressed and dried on a fire wall, and the made paper is white (or yellowish), even and soft, easy to absorb ink and durable. Xuan paper is a kind of calligraphy and painting paper made of sandalwood bark and a small amount of straw pulp. Raw Xuan paper is suitable for freehand brushwork and calligraphy, and cooked Xuan paper made from it is suitable for meticulous painting, which is white and flexible, durable and not easy to be moth-eaten. It is famous for its origin in Xuancheng, Anhui Province. Maobian paper is a kind of brush writing paper made of tender bamboo, which is light yellow in color and white in color. Both of them are made of bamboo curtains and used to print ancient books, rubbings, letterheads and fans. \xd\14. Glossy paper \xd\ is a single-sided glossy paper for writing, office and publicity slogans. It can also be used for pasting paper boxes, packaging goods, printing calendars, stationery and invoices, etc. It has a wide range of uses and is a commonly used tissue paper. It used to be called office paper or snow lotus paper. There are three kinds of special number, No.1 and No.2, and the quantitative range is from 18 g/m2 to 4 g/m2. The quality requires uniform thickness, smooth paper surface, light sizing for writing, and certain water resistance. Colored glossy paper, also known as slogan paper, is mainly used for writing slogans! \xd\15. Typing paper \xd\ is a thin paper used for typing and copying, and it is also used to print documents, tickets or stationery at present. It is divided into three grades: special number, No.1 and No.2, and the quantitative range is 24 g/m2 to 3 g/m2, and the commonly used one is 28 g/m2. It requires that the paper thickness should not exceed .5 mm, the thickness should be consistent, and it can type and copy multiple pages at one time. The paper should be strong and smooth, and it should not be soaked when writing. Colored typing paper is used for printing multiple summons or tickets. \xd\16. Writing paper \xd\ is a kind of cultural paper with high consumption, which is suitable for writing in forms, practice sheets, account sheets, notebooks, etc. It is divided into five grades: special number, No.1, No.2, No.3 and No.4, and the ration is 45g/m2 to 8g/m2. \xd\ Quality requirements: white in color, smooth on both sides, compact in texture, and not soaked when writing. \xd\17. Gravure paper \xd\ paper used for printing various color printed matter, periodicals, comic books, picture books, stamps and securities. Its specifications and dimensions are basically the same as newsprint, relief paper and offset paper, and it is also divided into two types: web paper and flat paper. Gravure paper printing requires high smoothness and shrinkage, high whiteness, good smoothness and softness. \xd\18. Cast coated paper \xd\ is also called glass powder paper, which is an advanced coated printing paper with a particularly smooth surface. It is obtained by coating the base paper twice or once with a thick coating amount (2-39g on one side). When the coating is in a wet state, the coated surface is closely attached to a highly polished chrome-plated drying cylinder and heated and dried at a speed of about 1m or less, and the gloss is about 85, so calendering is not required. The coated paper can be embossed with a patterned roller to make cloth paper or chicken skin paper. Cast-coated paper mainly prints covers, inserts and high-grade cartons, while wove paper and chicken skin paper are mostly used to print calendars and business cards. \xd\19. Matte paper \xd\ is officially called matte coated paper, which is less reflective than coated paper when observed in sunlight \xd\ 3. Paper manufacturing process \xd\1: Cutting trees to make materials 2: Cutting into appropriate lengths 3: Stripping bark 4: Cutting into pieces 5: Slicing \ xd. Transport to paper mill 7: making pulp with liquid medicine and steam 8: washing with liquid medicine \xd\9: removing impurities 1: bleaching pulp 11: adding liquid medicine 12: draining water with a net \xd\13: putting it on a felt to absorb water 14: drying water at high temperature 15: calendering with a calender \xd\16: making paper roll \ Chinese editor's note: Historical research in recent years shows that this time will be pushed forward. At that time, paper was made of bamboo roots, rags, hemp, etc. The manufacturing process was to mash these things, boil them, filter them, and spread the residue and dry them in the sun. The manufacture and use of paper gradually spread to the northwest with the business activities of the Silk Road. A paper mill was built in Baghdad, Persia in 793. Papermaking spread from here to Arab countries, first to Damascus, then to Egypt and Morocco, and finally to Exelovia, Spain. In 115, the Moors built the first paper mill in Europe. Later, paper mills were established in Holland, France in 1189, in Valbraano, Italy in 126, and in Germany in 1389. Since then, a London businessman named John Tent in England began to make paper in 1498 when King Henry II was in power. In the 19th century, paper based on rags and plants was basically replaced by paper based on plant pulp. \xd\ Different from parchment, paper is relatively cheap and can be produced in large quantities and quickly, which is very important for the printing of books. The first printed book was the Gutenberg Bible published in Germany in 1457, which commemorates Johnnes Gutenberg. The goldsmith from Mainz invented the first movable type printing plate. The appearance of printed books has accelerated the creation of professional writers.