Chinese name: Invitation for bid English name: invitation for bid Definition: The project construction unit uses the competition mechanism to select the project construction contractor. Applied disciplines: water conservancy science and technology (first-level subject); water conservancy engineering construction (second-level subject); construction management (water conservancy) (third-level subject) The above content is approved and published by the National Scientific and Technical Terms Approval Committee

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On-site bidding (Invitation to Tender) means that the bidder (buyer) issues a bidding notice, stating the name, specification, quantity and other conditions of the purchased goods, and invites the bidder (seller) to The act of bidding according to certain procedures at a time and place.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Tendering Projects

Tendering Methods Public Tendering

Invitation to Tender

How the bidding work is organized

The importance of implementing bidding

Standards of projects to be bid

Tendering procedures

Basics of invitation to bid What are the requirements

Characteristics of bidding

Preparation of bidding documents Principles of preparation of bidding documents

Contents of bidding documents

Introduction to the contents of the book of the same name

About the Author

Contents

Electronic Tendering

Interim Measures for the Management of Government Procurement Tendering

Tendering Organization Introduction to the form

Tendering projects

Tendering methods Public bidding

Invitation to bids

How the bidding work is organized

The Importance of Implementing Bidding

Standards for Bidding Projects

Tendering Procedures

What are the Basic Requirements for Inviting Bidding

Characteristics of Bidding Preparation of documents

Principles for the preparation of bidding documents Contents of bidding documents Book of the same name

Content Introduction Author Introduction Table of Contents Electronic Tendering Government Procurement Tendering and Tendering Management Interim Measures Tendering Organization Form Expand Edit Introduction to this paragraph

The symmetry of "bidding". For a certain project construction or commodity trading, the act of inviting bids from vendors who are willing to contract or notarize bids

transactions in order to select contractors or traders. The procedure is generally as follows: the tenderer publishes advertisements or selectively invites relevant manufacturers, and sends bidding documents, or attaches drawings and samples; bidders submit bidding documents as required; then the bids are opened and evaluated in public under the auspices of a notary. The bidder who meets all the conditions will be the successful bidder; finally both parties sign a contract or transaction contract. Bidding [1] A market transaction behavior that discloses the conditions and requirements for the procurement of goods, projects or services within a certain range, invites many bidders to participate in bidding, and selects transaction objects from them in accordance with prescribed procedures.

Edit this paragraph for bidding projects

If it is necessary to perform project approval procedures in accordance with relevant national regulations, the approval procedures must first be completed at the Bidding Conference

to obtain approval. The tenderer shall have the corresponding funds for the bidding project or the source of funds has been confirmed, and shall truthfully state this in the bidding documents.

Edit the bidding methods in this paragraph

The bidding methods are divided into public bidding and invitation bidding.

Public bidding

means that the tenderer invites unspecified legal persons or other organizations to bid in the form of a bidding announcement. Open bidding, also called competitive bidding, is a bidding method in which the tenderer publishes a bidding announcement in newspapers, electronic networks or other media to attract many enterprises and units to participate in the bidding competition, and the tenderer selects the winning bidder from among them. According to the degree of competition, public bidding can be divided into international competitive bidding and domestic competitive bidding.

Invitation to bid

It means that the bidder invites specific legal persons or other organizations to bid in the form of bid invitation.

Invitation bidding, also known as limited competition bidding, is a bidding method in which the tenderer selects a number of suppliers or contractors and issues bidding invitations to them. The invited suppliers and contractors bid for the competition and select the winning bidder. . The characteristics of invitational bidding are: (1) The invitation to bid does not use a public announcement; (2) The unit that accepts the invitation is the qualified bidder; (3) The number of bidders is limited.

Edit this paragraph How the bidding work is organized

There are two ways to organize the bidding work, one is organized by the owner himself, the other is organized by the bidding agency. If the owner has the ability to prepare bidding documents and organize bid evaluation, he may handle bidding matters on his own. If not, the tenderer has the right to choose a tendering agency on its own and entrust it to handle tendering matters. A bidding agency is a social intermediary organization established in accordance with the law to engage in bidding agency business and provide services.

Edit this paragraph on the importance of bidding

The purpose of engineering project bidding is to introduce a competition mechanism into the construction market. This is also a relatively complete engineering project contracting method adopted internationally. . The advantage is that it saves costs and reduces corruption.

Edit the criteria for bidding projects in this paragraph

1) The scope of engineering construction projects that must be tendered includes the following engineering construction projects within the territory of the People's Republic of China and the People's Republic of China, including project survey, Bidding must be conducted for design, construction, supervision, and the procurement of important equipment and materials related to project construction: 1. Large-scale infrastructure, public utilities and other projects related to social public interests and public safety; 2. Projects that use state-owned capital investment or state financing in whole or in part; 3. Projects using loans and aid funds from international organizations or foreign governments. 2) Explanation of the scope of engineering construction projects a) The scope of public utility projects related to social public interests and public safety includes: (1) Municipal engineering projects such as water supply, power supply, gas supply, and heating; (2) Technology, Education, culture and other projects; (3) Sports, tourism and other projects; (4) Health, social welfare and other projects; (5) Commercial housing, including affordable housing; (6) Other public utility projects. b) The scope of investment projects using state-owned funds includes: (1) Projects using fiscal budget funds at all levels; (2) Projects using various government special construction funds included in financial management; (3) Projects using self-invested funds of state-owned enterprises and institutions Projects where funds are available and state-owned asset investors actually have control. c) The scope of state financing projects includes: (1) Projects using funds raised by state bonds; (2) Projects using funds raised by state external borrowing or guarantees; (3) Projects using state policy loans; (4) ) Projects financed by state-authorized investment entities; (5) Financing projects chartered by the state. d) The scope of projects using funds from international organizations or foreign governments includes: (1) Projects using loan funds from international organizations such as the World Bank and Asian Development Bank; (2) Projects using loan funds from foreign governments and their institutions; (3) Projects using aid funds from international organizations or foreign governments. 3) The scale standards for projects that must be tendered include the above-mentioned types of engineering construction projects stipulated in the "Regulations on the Scope and Scale Standards of Bidding for Engineering Construction Projects", including the survey, design, construction, supervision of the project, and important equipment and materials related to the engineering construction. For procurement that meets one of the following standards, bidding must be conducted: 1. The estimated price of a single construction contract is more than RMB 2 million; 2. For the purchase of important equipment, materials and other goods, the estimated price of a single contract is more than RMB 1 million; 3. For the procurement of survey, design, supervision and other services, the estimated price of a single contract is more than RMB 500,000; 4. The estimated price of a single contract is lower than the standard specified in item 1.2.3. However, the total investment of the project is more than 30 million yuan

Edit the bidding procedure of this paragraph

The bidding procedure for government procurement is generally: 1. The purchaser prepares a plan and submits it to the Department of Finance for government procurement 2. The Procurement Office and the bidding agency go through the entrustment procedures and determine the bidding method; 3. Conduct market research and prepare bidding documents after confirming the procurement project with the purchaser.

4. Publish a bidding announcement or issue a bidding invitation; 5. Sell bidding documents and prequalify potential bidders; 6. Accept bidders' bids; 7. Open bids publicly at the time and place specified in the announcement or invitation letter; 8. By The bid evaluation committee evaluates the bid documents; 9. Determine the winning bidder based on the bid evaluation principles and procedures; 10. Send a bid winning notice to the winning bidder; 11. Organize the winning bidder to sign a contract with the purchasing unit; 12. Supervise and manage the performance of the contract. , resolve disputes between the winning bidder and the purchasing unit. Public bidding for engineering construction generally includes: 1. Application for construction projects; 2. Review of construction unit qualifications; 3. Bidding application; 4. Preparation and submission of pre-qualification documents and bidding documents; 5. Preparation of minimum project bid price; 6. Publish the bidding notice; 7. Unit qualification review; 8. Bidding documents; 9. Site survey; 10. Bidding preparatory meeting; 11. Bid document management; 12. Submission of project base price; 13. Bid opening; 14. Bid evaluation; 15. Bid award; 16. Contract signing.

Edit this paragraph: What are the basic requirements for invitation to bid?

Article 17 of the "Tendering and Bidding Law" stipulates that if the bidder adopts the invitation to bid method, it shall submit to three or more qualified bidders. Specific legal persons or other organizations with good project capabilities and good credit status issue invitations to bid. The invitation to bid shall state the matters specified in paragraph 2 of Article 16 of this Law. Invitation bidding is a bidding method in which the bidder invites legal persons or other organizations in the reception room to participate in the bidding with a bidding invitation letter. This bidding method differs from the public bidding method in that it allows the tenderer to issue invitations to bid to a limited number of specific legal persons or other organizations (suppliers or contractors) without having to publish a bidding announcement. Therefore, inviting bids can save bidding costs and improve efficiency. According to common practice at home and abroad, the prerequisite for using the invitation bidding method is to have a good understanding of the market supply situation and a good understanding of the supplier or contracting situation. On this basis, the specific circumstances of the bidding project must also be considered: first, the technology of the bidding project is new and complex or highly professional, and can only be selected from a limited range of suppliers or contractors; second, the value of the bidding project itself Low, the tenderer can only achieve the purpose of saving and improving efficiency by limiting the number of bidders. Therefore, invitation to bid is allowed and has great applicability in practice. However, in invitation bidding, the tenderer may deliberately invite some unqualified legal persons or other organizations to serve as foils for its default winning bidders and engage in fake bidding. In order to prevent this phenomenon from happening, the conditions for those who are invited to bid should be limited, that is: there should be no less than three legal persons or other organizations to which bid invitations are issued; and the legal person or other organization has good credit, Have the ability to undertake bidding projects. The former is the minimum requirement for the scope of invited bids to ensure an appropriate degree of competitiveness; the latter is the requirement for the qualifications and capabilities of the bidder, and the tenderer can also conduct a qualification review to determine whether the bidder meets this aspect. requirements. In order to ensure an appropriate degree of competitiveness in invitational bidding, except for the limited number of potential bidders, the bidder should invite as many legal persons or other organizations as possible and issue invitations to bid to them to ensure effective competition. The invitation to bid, like the bidding announcement, is a preliminary basic document on bidding matters issued to suppliers or contracting legal persons or other organizations.

Technical specifications are an important part of bidding documents and contract documents. They specify the performance and standards of the purchased goods and equipment. Technical specifications are also one of the key basis for bid evaluation. If the technical specifications are not clear or comprehensive, it will not only affect the quality of procurement, but also increase the difficulty of bid evaluation. Technical specifications for goods procurement should adopt internationally or domestically recognized standards. Except for the fact that they cannot accurately or clearly describe the characteristics of the project to be tendered, each technical specification must not require or indicate a specific trademark, name, patent, design, or origin. or manufacturer, and shall not contain any content that targets a potential supplier or excludes a potential supplier. The technical specifications of the engineering project are relatively complex, including: the standards required to be met after the project is completed, construction procedures, various measurement methods, procedures and standards during construction, on-site clean-up procedures and standards, etc. (5) Requirements for preparation of tender documents. A bid is a written statement by a bidding supplier about the contents of its bid, including the composition of the bid document, bid deposit, total bid price, validity period of the bid, etc. (6) Supply list, quotation sheet and bill of quantities. (7) Performance bond. The performance bond is to ensure the interests of the purchasing unit and avoid losses to the purchasing unit due to the supplier's default. Generally speaking, the performance bond for the purchase of goods is 5-10% of the contract price. If the project deposit is provided with a guarantee letter, the amount is 30-50% of the contract price. If a bank guarantee is provided, the amount is 10% of the contract price. (8) Relevant qualification and credit certification documents that the supplier should provide. Tender Notice Before formally inviting bids, the purchasing unit shall publish a notice in the media designated by the government procurement department. Sufficient time should be left between the publication of the notice and the participation in the bidding, so that the bidding suppliers have enough time to prepare the bidding documents.

Edit the book of the same name in this paragraph

Tendering

Author: Mochuan Publishing House: China Friendship Publishing Company[2] Publication time: 2010-1-1 Word Count: 350000 Format: 16 pages I S B N: 9787505726383 Price: ￥28.80

Content Introduction

The "Qingqing River Basin Comprehensive Management Project" under national key construction - a very common water-saving The project has not yet started bidding. It has unknowingly evolved into a feast for the moths to accumulate food. Everyone wants to make a big profit from this project costing hundreds of millions. For a time, an undercurrent surged, officials, businessmen, and beauties appeared one after another, and all kinds of temptations came one after another. The entanglement of love and evil, the transaction of power and sex, and in the fight without gunpowder, profit has become the biggest bait. It also puts the greatest pressure on human nature. This novel has a unique story theme, sharp and humorous language, and fascinating plot. It is a rare official masterpiece.

About the author

Mochuan, whose real name is Wang Yongen, male, was born in 1973. Graduated from Hexi Water Research Institute and is a water conservancy engineer. His early works were scattered in "Flying Sky", "Red Willow", "Water Conservancy Monthly", etc. He has been engaged in the construction of water conservancy projects and is familiar with the various unspoken rules of water conservancy projects. He has always believed that literature is the window to the soul and the support for literature. Staying on the tilting side of the ship of life, it is the clear water of literature that revives the numb soul!

Contents

Chapter 1: The new official takes office Chapter 2: Casting stones to ask for directions Chapter 3: Falling in love Chapter 4: Taking advantage of the opportunity to go to war Chapter 5: Competitors Chapter 6: Overt and covert fighting Chapter 7 Distribution of Interests Chapter 8 The Darkness Chapter 9 The Virgin Complex Chapter 10 Who Will Win the Victory Chapter 11 Anger from Shame Chapter 12 Sudden Change Chapter 13 Ecstasy Chapter 14 The oriole behind Chapter 15 Ambition Chapter 16 Love Cross Current Chapter 17 Audit Storm

Edit this paragraph Electronic Tendering

What is electronic tendering? That is, through computer, network and other information technologies, we will reorganize the bidding business, optimize and reorganize the work process, and perform a series of business operations such as online bidding, bidding, bid opening, bid evaluation, and supervision on the Internet, and ultimately achieve efficient, professional, and Standardized, safe and low-cost bidding management.

Using the Internet as a medium and using information technology to carry out collaborative operations in bidding and bidding is the essential difference between electronic bidding and traditional bidding and bidding. The real-time and synchronicity of the network breaks the traditional regional differences and space restrictions. As long as the place where they are located has access to the Internet, users can initiate transactions with customers thousands of miles away at any time and receive real-time responses. Based on this, electronic bidding helps all parties involved in bidding save a lot of time and economic costs; information can be communicated in a timely manner, which naturally speeds up the overall process of bidding activities. In order to solve the above-mentioned various shortcomings in traditional government procurement, governments around the world are actively promoting e-procurement. E-procurement is the completion of procurement operations through the Internet. Its essence is to use computer network and communication technology to transform the procurement process, change the way traditional procurement business is handled in form and technology, break the time and space barriers, thereby optimizing the procurement process and improving Improve procurement efficiency, reduce procurement costs, and achieve the purpose of improving procurement transparency. Real full-process electronic bidding uses the Internet as the carrier to conduct platform-based business operations. Each role in the activity uses a unified bidding platform as the business entrance to complete all business and management content related to bidding, strengthening information Internet interoperability and business interaction not only meet the requirements for accelerating business processes, but also give full play to the window role of the network to meet the interactive needs of various transaction entities and the public's right to know. Real full-process electronic bidding extracts corresponding information and data directly from the online business process, and can be stored in the resource management, financial management, statistical management and other management modules of the business platform. The data is closely related and the linkage effect is strong. , which facilitates data statistics, export and utilization, and synchronizes business and management. Real full-process electronic bidding, built based on modular principles and standardized design rules, must meet the bidding and procurement needs including self-tendering and agency bidding. The fundamental difference from the existing electronic bidding is that all bidding, bidding, bid evaluation and supervision and inspection work are completed in one system according to the bidding process, and all data are transmitted within the system. Once the information is confirmed and released into the system (bidding documents are issued), it cannot be imported or exported casually until the bid opening. This is the true electronic operation of the entire process. Example analysis: Introduction to the 86ZTB full-process electronic bidding operation platform, which truly realizes the full-process online electronic bidding, bidding, bid evaluation, inspection and bid opening process. It has been approved by the Chinese People's Republic of China through [Functional Testing] and [Technical Appraisal] by the national authoritative agency. *** and national [Software Copyright] and [High-tech Achievements] certification. This operating system software is divided into two categories: electronic bidding and electronic procurement according to the core operation mode. The former is an electronic operation of the entire process of bidding, bidding, bid evaluation and supervision in strict accordance with relevant national regulations. It is displayed on China Bidding Online It is "electronic bidding and electronic bidding"; the latter simplifies the bid evaluation process and is suitable for procurement and bidding of self-funded projects. It is displayed as "electronic procurement and electronic supply" on China Bidding and Bidding Online. Features of the 86ZTB electronic bidding operating system: The core feature of the operating system is that the entire process is online and real-time, which can realize simultaneous transmission of text, pictures, sounds, files, videos, etc. The bid evaluators evaluate the real first-hand tender documents and tender documents uploaded by the real tenderers and bidders, and the supervisors and supervisors can remotely track and supervise the entire process online. 86ZTB Electronic Bidding Pass can embed the "login registration station" on a third-party website to realize instant electronic bidding on the website. This method is called "86ZTB electronic bidding workstation". 86ZTB electronic bidding can be completely transplanted and embedded into a third-party website and used as an independent electronic bidding system for the website. This method is called "86ZTB electronic bidding independent system".

86ZTB electronic bidding security system: The security goal of the 86ztb full-process electronic bidding system is to achieve anti-leakage, anti-theft, anti-destruction, anti-counterfeiting, anti-tampering, and anti-repudiation in accordance with relevant laws, regulations, policies, and industry-related technical specifications. , as well as preventing denial of service and network attacks, and ensuring the security of this system, it is mainly designed from the following aspects: 1. Establish a trusted and secure physical operating environment to ensure the security of various entities; the system is equipped with corresponding server certificate products and other Software and hardware security facilities to ensure system network security. 2. Ensure the security of the system's application servers, database servers and other host systems; ensure the safe operation of the system servers by configuring firewalls, other detection and other measures. 3. Establish an effective computer virus protection system. 4. Respond in real time to unauthorized access and malicious attacks. 5. Use password (MD5) and authentication technology to support PKI, SSL, Strict authority control system and key data encryption (MD5) to ensure the security of system information storage and transmission and the security of system transactions. 6. Realize system business operation authority management and access control, and establish business security management measures for this system; bidding, bidding, bid evaluation and supervision and inspection staff must use authorized user names and passwords (MD5 encryption) to enter the system for bidding and investment evaluation. Standard work, and core system operations cannot be performed without legal identity authorization. The release of bidding materials, bid evaluation confirmation, and supervision and inspection opinions are all carried out by specific personnel, including supplementary modifications and additions of information content and consultation and Q&A, all of which are dedicated full-time personnel. Once any information is published, it cannot be modified. 7. Provide effective and detailed operation logging and auditing functions.

Edit this paragraph Interim Measures for the Management of Government Procurement Tendering

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