Austria, the country of wine
It is obvious that Austria is the country of wine. The area of ??harvested vineyards in Austria is about 48,000 hectares, cultivated and operated by about 32,000 grape growers; about 6,500 farms bottle their own wine. Other grape growers sell their grapes to grape growers' cooperatives or wineries.
Origin and production area:
Austria’s grape cultivation is concentrated in the eastern federal states of Lower Austria (Nieder?sterreich), Burgenland (Burgenland), and Steiermark (Steiermark). ) and Vienna (Wien), although the four grape-growing regions with widely different areas defined by the wine law are as follows:
44,560 hectares of grape-growing regions. Grape-growing region Austria (Weinland ?sterreich):
(Federal State Lower Austria Nieder?sterreich and Burgenland)
3290 hectares of grape growing area Steirerland
680 hectares of grape growing area Vienna (Wien)
20 hectares of grape growing areas in mountainous Austria (Bergland ?sterreich) (Federal State Upper Austria Ober?sterreich, Salzburg, Kārnten, Tirol and Fora Vorarlberg
There are 19 official, high-quality wineries in the grape-growing regions of Austria (Weinland ?sterreich), Steirerland (Steirerland) and Vienna (Wien). and grape-growing areas with the name of origin for premium grapes.
Soil:
Great differences in soil structure shape the character of Austrian wines. For example, loess is the dominant soil in the Weinviertel region, and the same is true in the Danube Valley. Near Krems and Langenlois and in Wachau they are predominantly primitive rock soils, and in the hot spring areas they are clay soils or calcareous soils. The soil types in Wien, Carnuntum and Burgenland are very diverse: from shale to clay, marl, loess and pure sandy soils. Steiermark is mostly cinnamon, conglomerate and volcanic soil.
Climate:
Austria’s grape growing areas are generally located in a mild climate zone, approximately between latitude 47 and 48 degrees, similar to the French grape growing area Burgundy ( Burgund) is similar. The typical climate in most winegrowing regions is warm, sunny summers and long, mild autumns with cool nights.
The annual rainfall in the east is 400 mm, and in Steiermark it can reach 800 mm or more. The factors that affect the climate of the grape growing area are the Danube River, which plays a role in reflecting sunlight and balancing large fluctuations in temperature, as well as the large Neusiedlersee Lake (Neusiedlersee), which is often used for berry selection and dried fruit selection in late autumn. The wine grapes are gradually ripening on the shore of the lake. Most of the vineyards are located at an altitude of 200 meters. In Lower Austria (Niedersterreich) grape growers also grow grapes at an altitude of 400 meters. The highest grape-growing area is in Steiermark, with an altitude of about 560 meters.
Austrian grape-growing regions:
The federal states defined as grape-growing regions include Lower Austria (Niederōsterreich, 30,000 hectares), Burgenland (Burgenland, 14,560 hectares) and Steiermark (Steiermark, 3290 hectares). In addition, there are 16 grape growing areas:
KREMSTAL (2175 hectares)
Hundreds of years of wine culture, fashionable wines can be found in the Krems Valley Find orthodox soils: primitive rock, clay and loess; here noble white grapes with rich aromas and outstanding fruitiness mainly grow.
KAMPTAL (3868 hectares)
Cool valley, exquisite wines. The soil of Cape Valley is mainly clay and loess, and primitive rocks have also been left here. traces of it. Gtüner Veltliner and Riesling are its traditional grape varieties.
WACHAU (1390 hectares)
Steep terraces, precious grape varieties, magnificent wines Melk and Krems The narrow Danube Valley between them is one of the most beautiful river landscapes in the world. The main varieties that mature on the steep original rock terraces are Grüner Veltliner and Riesling.
TRAISENTAL (682 hectares)
Wine full of charm and depth The Traisental Valley stretches along the Traisental from St. Pōlten to the Danube. Fruity and aromatic white grapes grow on soils dominated by sandy loess.
THERMENREGION (2332 hectares)
Wine with history, wine with future This historical health resort is located along the volcanic fault. The mild climate and thick to stony calcareous soil characterize this "South Road", where powerful white grapes and dense red grapes grow.
WESTSTEIERMARK (432 hectares)
The hometown of Schilcher Blauer Wildbacher The grapes grown in this small grape growing area are joyful Active, best quality achieved in gneiss and virgin shale soils. Worth a visit is the Vine Route from Ligist to the Eibiswald.
Südsteiermark (1741 hectares)
Romantic hilly land, fresh wines. The steep green hills in the southern European climate influence range mainly grow Welsh. Riesling (Welschriesling), Sauvignon Blanc (Sauvignon Blanc) and Morillon (Morillon). The grapes produced here are renowned for their fruity aroma and freshness.
Southeast Steiermark SüD-OSTSTEIERMARK (1119 hectares)
Volcanic rock, aromatic wines grown mainly in the transition zone between a dry climate and a humid Mediterranean climate are fruity Rich white grape.
SüdBURGENLAND (448 hectares)
Idyllic scenery and expressive red wines. This Austria’s smallest grape-growing area relies on its natural state and exquisite red wines. The wine looked particularly tempting.
DONAULAND (2732 hectares)
Rich wines from the Wagram slopes along the Danube from Krems east to Klosterneuburg ( Rich red and white grapes grow in the loess and calcareous soil of Klosterneuburg.
Vineyard area WEINVIERTEL (15,892 hectares)
Holy land of grapes
The romantic wine cellar alley and the traditional Grüne Veltliner create a Image of the Grape Giant. This vast area stretching between Retz in the west and Wolkersdorf at the gates of Vienna produces grape varieties full of personality: delicate Welschriesling, rich Blanc de Blancs. WeiBburgunder and fresh Riesling. The best grapes for traditional Champagne production are also produced around Poysdorf. The local soil is mainly loess and black soil.
CARNUNTUM (891 hectares)
Historic resort, new functional wine. The highly praised new red wine comes from Gōttlesbrunn, Hōflein ) and Prellenkirchen, as well as the intense Grüne Veltliner. The climatic influence of Lake Neusiedler and the Danube River is extremely favorable for viticulture here on clay, sandy, gravel and loess soils.
Vienna WIEN (678 hectares)
Vienna on the Danube River is the only world-class city with an agriculturally important grape growing industry. The shale, gravel, loess and clay soils of the hillsides at the end of the Vienna Woods along the Danube provide optimal growing conditions for fresh and diverse white grapes.
NEUSIEDLERSEE (8326 hectares)
Powerful wines on the shores of Sunny Lake benefit from the outstanding quality of red and white grapes in the Neusiedlersee grape growing area. The remarkable Pannon climate here. The intense autumn sunshine and botrytis fungus create the world-famous fine wines here.
NEUSIEDLERSEE-HüGELLAND (3911 hectares)
High-quality white, red and sweet wines from the independent city of Rust (Rust) The Superior Sweet Wine is an example of the high quality and premium wines produced on the lakeshore. The slopes of the Leithagebirge produce intense, mineral-rich red and white grapes.
MITTELBURGENLAND (1877 hectares)
Vivid red wine, Blaufrankisch with diverse personality grows on the heavy clay soil of this charming hilly area Home to most of Austria's most famous red grapes.
Relevant laws:
The basis of Austrian wine law is European wine law. Its main contents are origin supervision, yield limit per hectare, quality level and national quality supervision. Austria generally stipulates a maximum yield of 9,000 kilograms per hectare and 6,750 liters of wine for grapes used to produce local, premium and premium wines. Austrian premium wines and premium wines are subject to double state inspection. The national inspection number and red-white-red seal on the label indicate this strict supervision and quality assurance process. Wine is usually divided into table wine, premium wine and premium wine. Which category is included depends on the sugar content in the grape juice, and the relevant unit is expressed by the Klosterneuburger Mostwaage (KMW).
Geographical origin and quality:
Ordinary table wines are only labeled as being produced in Austria. Regional wines indicate their place of origin as one of the following four grape-growing regions: Austria (Weinland ōsterreich, including Lower Austria and Burgenland), Steirerland, Vienna (Wien) or the mountains. (Bergland).
Premium and premium wines must indicate their grape-growing region.
Details of quality level:
Table wine (Tafelwein): at least 10,6 degrees KMW.
Local wine (Landwein): at least 14 degrees KMW.
Quality wine (Qualitatswein): at least 15 degrees KMW.
High-end quality wine (Kabinett): at least 17 degrees KMW.
From this level onwards (including Kabinett) it is not allowed to increase the KMW content (no sugar or unfermented fruit juice is allowed).
Pradikatsweine: (including late-harvest wine, TBA, ice wine and straw wine)
Late-harvest wine (Spatlese): at least 19 Degree KMW.
Choose Auslese wine: at least 21 degrees KMW.
From this grade onwards (including Auslese) the content of overripe and noble rot berries in the grapes increases accordingly.
Beerenauslese (BA): at least 25 degrees KMW.
Ice wine (Eiswein): at least 25 degrees KMW; grapes must be frozen during harvesting and pressing.
Straw wine (Strohwein): at least 25 degrees KMW; the grapes used for winemaking must be laid on straw piles or reeds or hung up with ropes to dry for at least three months.
High-end sweet wine (Ausbruch): at least 27 degrees KMW.
Trockenbeerenlese (TBA): at least 30 degrees KMW.
Taste (remaining sugar content, referred to as RZ):
Dry (trocken): When the difference between the total acid content and the remaining sugar content exceeds 2 g/L, the remaining
The sugar content shall not be higher than 9 g RZ/L. For example: A wine containing 8 g/L of sugar must have an acid content of at least 6 g/L in order to be classified as "dry".
Half-dry (halbtrocken): The maximum remaining sugar content is 12 g/L.
Sweet (lieblich): The maximum remaining sugar content is 45 g/L.
Sweet (süB): The remaining sugar content is higher than 45 g/L.