1. The origin of the refrigerator:

In 1822, the famous British scientific master Faraday discovered that carbon dioxide, ammonia, chlorine and other gases will turn into liquids under pressurized conditions and the pressure will decrease. It will turn into gas again. The process of changing from liquid to gas will absorb a large amount of heat, causing the surrounding temperature to drop rapidly. Faraday's discovery provided a theoretical basis for later generations to invent artificial refrigeration technologies such as compressors.

In 1834, American engineer Jacob Perkins invented the world's first compression refrigeration device, which was the prototype of the modern compression refrigeration system. In the same year, Perkins received the first freezer patent issued in the United Kingdom.

In 1851, the first artificial refrigeration compressor was invented by Harrison, the owner of Australia's Geelong Advertiser. When Harrison used ether to clean lead type, he discovered that ether had a strong cooling effect on metal. After research, Harrison developed a refrigerator using ether and a pressure pump, and applied it to a brewery in Victoria, Australia, for cooling during brewing.

In 1873, German chemist and engineer Carl von Linde invented a refrigerator using ammonia as the refrigerant. Linde first applied his invention to the Sedummar brewery in Wiesbaden, designing and manufacturing an industrial refrigerator.

In 1879, Carl von Linde improved and miniaturized the industrial refrigerator and created the world's first artificially refrigerated household refrigerator. The steam-powered refrigerator was quickly put into production, and by 1891, 12,000 units had been sold in Germany and the United States.

In 1910, the world's first compression refrigeration household refrigerator was launched in the United States.

In 1918, engineer Coberlandt of the American KE-LVZNATOR company designed and manufactured the world's first mechanical refrigeration household automatic refrigerator. This kind of refrigerator is crude and bulky, with a wooden casing, a water-cooled compressor, and is very noisy. However, its birth announced that the development of household refrigerators has entered a new stage.

In 1923, a refrigerator that used an electric motor to drive a compressor was invented by Swedish engineers Brydon and Mendes.

In 1927, General Electric Company of the United States successfully developed a fully enclosed refrigerator.

In 1930, air-cooled continuous diffusion absorption refrigerators using different heating methods were put on the market. This is a miniature refrigerator suitable for modern family rooms. Before this, all refrigerator models were freestanding.

In 1931, the new refrigerant Freon 12 was successfully developed, achieving a long-awaited technological breakthrough and being widely used in industry. As a result, more and more manufacturers have begun to talk about refrigerators as their key industry.

In 1963, Electrolux developed the world's first refrigeration-freezer refrigerator, taking refrigerators to a new level, and this style became the standard configuration of refrigerators for decades to come.

In 1993, Electrolux launched the world's first batch of fluorine-free refrigerators, which became a milestone in the industry.

2. The development of refrigerators:

The word "refrigerator" entered the American language in the mid-17th century. Before that, refrigerators only affected the diet of ordinary American citizens. As the city developed, the sale of ice also gradually developed. It came to be used by hotels, hotels, hospitals, and some discerning city merchants to preserve meat, fish, and butter.

After the Civil War (1861-1865), ice was used to refrigerate freight cars and also entered civilian use. By 1880, half of the refrigerators sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of the refrigerators sold in Boston and Chicago, were entering homes because of a new household appliance, the refrigerator—the modern refrigerator. The predecessor was invented. Similar products include freezers.

Building an efficient refrigerator is not as simple as we think. In the early 19th century, inventors had only a rudimentary understanding of the thermophysics crucial to the science of refrigeration.

People thought that the best refrigerator should prevent the melting of ice, and this was a very common view at the time. It was obviously wrong, because it was the melting of ice that played the role of refrigeration

Early people made inventions to preserve ice. A lot of effort, including wrapping the ice in blankets, prevented the ice from doing its job. It was not until nearly the end of the 19th century that inventors succeeded in finding the precise balance of insulation and circulation required for an efficient refrigerator.

Extended information:

Principles of refrigerators:

1. Compression refrigerator: This type of refrigerator provides mechanical energy from an electric motor and controls the refrigeration system through a compressor. Do merit. The refrigeration system is made by using the principle of low-boiling refrigerant absorbing heat when it evaporates and vaporizes.

2. Absorption refrigerator: This type of refrigerator can use heat sources (such as gas, kerosene, electricity, etc.) as power. Ammonia-water-hydrogen mixed solution is used to achieve the purpose of refrigeration in the continuous absorption-diffusion process. Its shortcomings are low efficiency and slow cooling, and it has been gradually eliminated.

3. Semiconductor refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses the principle of passing direct current through PN-type semiconductors to produce the Peltier effect on the nodes to achieve refrigeration.

4. Chemical refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses certain chemical substances to absorb heat strongly when dissolved in water to obtain refrigeration effect.

5. Electromagnetic vibration refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses an electromagnetic vibration machine as the driving force to drive the compressor. Its principle and structure are basically the same as those of compression refrigerators.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Refrigerator