Liao dynasty (907~ 1 125) was a feudal dynasty established by the qidan nationality in northern China in China history. In 9 16 AD, Yelubaoji, the ancestor of Liao Dynasty, unified the ministries of Qidan, called Tiandi, with the title of "Qidan" as its capital, Huanglinfu (now Nanpolo City, Balinzuoqi, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia). In 947 AD, Emperor Taizong of Liao led troops to the south of the Central Plains. After five dynasties, he defeated the Jin Dynasty and changed his country name to "Liao". 1983 was renamed "Grand Khitan", 1066, and Yelu Hongji, a Taoist priest in Liao Dynasty, resumed the title of "Liao". 1 125 was destroyed by the state of Jin.

The Khitan nationality is an ancient nomadic people in China, which originated in the northeast of China and lived a semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral life. The early Khitan was divided into eight parts. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, a unified Yamato Alliance was formed in Qidan. At that time, the Khitan chieftain surrendered between the Tang Dynasty and the Turks. After Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan, the Tang Dynasty set up a governor at the end of the Song Dynasty and gave him the surname Li. After the collapse of the Yamato Alliance, the Khitans established the Yaodi Tribal Alliance, which belonged to the post-Turkic khanate. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), the post-Turkic was destroyed by Uighurs, and the Khitan was ruled by Uighurs for the next hundred years.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Lu Ye Abaoji, the leader of the Khitan, unified the ministries and became increasingly powerful. In the first year of Kaiping, Hou Liang (907), Nenghan became emperor in the first year of Shenshu (9 16), with the title of Qidan. In the first year of Datong (947), Emperor Taizong of Liao changed the country name to Liao, and in the second year of Tonghe (984), it was renamed Da Qidan. In the second year of Xianyong (1066), it was renamed Daliao. People used to call the dynasty established by the Khitans Liao Dynasty.

In the fifth year of Tianqing (1 1 15), the Nuzhen people established the Jin Dynasty. Under the attack of Jin Jun, the Liao Dynasty perished in the fifth year of Baoda (1 125). When the Liao Dynasty was about to perish, Yelvshi, a noble of Qidan, led some people to enter Mobei area northward, and then developed westward, conquering the vast area of Central Asia today. In the ninth year of the Western Liao Dynasty in Yanqing (1 132), Yelushi proclaimed himself emperor, known as "Western Liao" in history, also known as "Karachitan", and became a powerful country in Central Asia at that time. Xiliao was established in Venus for two years (12 18) and was destroyed by Mongolia.

The Khitans have long hair and are usually dressed in robes with narrow sleeves and round necks. The residence of the Khitan people is a felt account, and the imperial account of the emperor is called a mortar account. The Khitans in Liao country only have surnames for those who belong to the royal household registration and the post-family household registration, while other Khitans outside the two household registration have no surnames. With the demise of Liao, the Khitan people gradually merged into other ethnic groups, and a few evolved into Daur people and Yunnan people today. In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians built a Mongolian empire across Eurasia, and fought for years. The Khitans, who had been defeated repeatedly, were conquered and scattered all over the country. Some of them have retained large ethnic groups, such as Daur, and some have been assimilated by local people. The Khitan nationality has maintained the "exogamy system" for more than 1000 years, so the pure Khitan nationality no longer exists. After continuous migration, isolation and integration, most of the Khitans melted like ice thrown into the sea. In professional terms, they were named as "descendants in the molecular sense".