Confucianism, founder: Confucius

Taoism, founder: Laozi

Mohism, founder: Mozi

Legalism, founder: Han Fei

1. Confucianism was on an equal footing with hundred schools of thought in the pre-Qin period. After Qin Shihuang "burned books to bury Confucianism", Confucianism suffered heavy losses. Then, in order to maintain the feudal autocratic rule, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty listened to Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", and clamped down his thoughts, which made Confucianism rise again.

2. The origin of Taoism can be traced back to the Emperor Taigu. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Laozi collected the great wisdom of ancient sages, summed up the essence of ancient Taoist thought, and formed a moral theory of doing nothing. It marks that this Taoist thought has been formally formed. Since then, it has become the supreme treasure of governing the country through the ages.

represented by Huangdi, Yi Yin, Taigong, Xinjia, Xunzi, Laozi, Wen Zi, Liezi, Zhuangzi, Guan Zi, Guanzi, and others, they advocated "inaction, simplicity, changing with the times, responding to changes in things," and so on.

3. Mohism was born in the Warring States Period. The founder is Mo Zhai (Mozi). Mohism is an academic group with strict discipline, and its leader is called a "giant". When its members go to various countries to serve as officials, they must carry out Mohism, and their salaries must also be dedicated to the group.

mohists is divided into early and late stages: the early stage thought mainly involves social, political, ethical and epistemological issues, and pays attention to the wars in this world; In the later period, Mohism made an important contribution to logic and began to move closer to the field of scientific research.

4. Legalists matured very late, but formed very early, which can be traced back to Li Guan in Xia and Shang Dynasties and matured in the Warring States Period. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was also called the study of criminal names. After being vigorously developed by Guan Zhong, Shi Qi, Zi Chan, Li Kui, Wu Qi, Shang Yang, Shen Dao, Shen Buhai, Le Yi and Drama Xin, it became a school.

At the end of the Warring States period, Han Fei summarized and synthesized their theories, which was a masterpiece of legalists. Its scope involves social sciences of law, economy, administration, organization and management, social reform, law, economics, finance, currency, international trade, administration, organizational theory and operational research.

Extended information:

hundred schools of thought is a general term for academic schools in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

The most widely spread hundred schools of thought is the Legalists, Taoists, Mohists, Confucianists, Yin and Yang scholars, famous artists, miscellaneous scholars, farmers, novelists, strategists and doctors. China created splendid culture and art in ancient times, with distinctive features. China has a written history of more than 5, years, and its cultural classics are extremely rich.

in the academic history of China, the pre-Qin period was the golden age of hundred schools of thought's contention and academic development and prosperity. Representatives of various schools and scholars wrote books, gathered disciples to give lectures, or questioned arguments, which not only left precious cultural heritage for future generations, but also left broad room for development and imagination for future generations. Future generations should better protect and inherit.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-hundred schools of thought.