1. Morphological characteristics are amaryllidaceae evergreen bulbs. Bulb with skin, bulb is spherical; The upper end tapers. 2 rows of leaves are opposite, broad strip, blunt apex, thick texture, 25 ~ 30 cm long and 3 cm wide. Scape emerges from the center of the leaf cluster, which is quite thick, with 2 ~ 6 flowers at the top, and two pairs are opposite. The flower pattern is large, trumpet-shaped, and the upper mouth diameter is 10 ~ 12 cm. It consists of three sepals and three petals, which are red, white and rose red, and form striped spots with each other. The capsule is soft and the seeds are brown and flat. Flowering in May (Figure 2-37).

Figure 2-37 Morphological characteristics of Zhu Dinghong 2. Habits are native to Peru. Not cold-tolerant, but also afraid of summer heat. In hot summer, the leaves are often yellow and dormant, and they are more afraid of the sun exposure. Loose soil rich in humus is needed.

3. Propagation method In the stem plate of old bulbs, several bulbs can be propagated every year, which are decomposed and planted in autumn, and can only bloom when they grow to 5 cm. You can also sow. Seeds mature in June and emerge soon after sowing, but it takes many years to blossom.

4. Cultivation and Conservation Zhu Dinghong is afraid of summer heat. Never take off the pot when the leaves are yellow in summer, and the pot soil should be relatively dry. After beginning of autumn, the terminal bud on the bulb began to sprout, and then the flowerpot was removed to change the soil. Before planting, break off the balls around the bulbs and plant them in a big pot for cultivation. When planting the main ball, the bulb should be exposed to 1/3. After planting, it should be placed in a cool place outdoors or in a ventilated place indoors. Don't water too much at the beginning, and then water it normally after the leaves are red to prevent the roots from rotting.

Top dressing should start from the middle of June at 5438+ 10, and liquid fertilizer should be applied once a week. If the room temperature can reach 22℃ in winter, it will bloom in early spring next year, and 2 ~ 3 bulbs over 6 cm can be pumped.

lily

1. Morphological characteristics are autumn bulbs of Liliaceae. There are skinless bulbs in the ground, which are spherical to oblate and consist of the thickest fleshy scales. The aboveground stems are erect, unbranched or sparsely branched, with a height of 50- 150cm. Leaves alternate or whorled, linear, lanceolate or heart-shaped; Some species germinate beads in leaf axils. Flowers solitary or clustered, funnel-shaped or trumpet-shaped, cup-shaped, some drooping, some spreading, some upturned. Perianth 6 pieces, flat or reflexed, with nectaries at the base; Colors are white, pink, light green, orange, orange, magenta, purple and so on, with multicolor spots. After flowering, capsules are produced and the seeds are flat. The flowering period varies from early to late due to different species (Figure 2-38).

Fig. 2-38 Morphological characteristics of Lanzhou Lily 2. Species and varieties

(1) Lily has more than 20 flowers per plant, trumpet-shaped, spreading or drooping, flower diameter 10 ~ 12 cm, length10 ~15 cm; The perianth is white inside and green outside. The flowering period is July-August. Distributed in the mountainous areas of Malaya, Xi.

(2) The lilies in Qingdao are solitary or clustered, with star-shaped perianth, orange-red and lilac spots. The flowering period is from mid May to mid June. Native to China, Shandong and Korean Peninsula.

(3) The flowers of Shandan (Lilium tenuifolium) are solitary or aggregated, drooping, and the flower diameter is 4 ~ 5cm；; These flowers are orange and fragrant. Flowers bloom in June. Native to Northeast and Northwest China.

(4) medicinal lily. Cervi) The number of flowers per plant is 4 ~ 10 or above, drooping or obliquely extending; White with pink halo, purple bumps at the base, fragrant. The flowering period is July-August. Native to Japan and the Korean Peninsula.

(5) Each plant has 4-5 flowers, which are horizontally trumpet-shaped, with a flower diameter of12-13cm and a length of12-15cm; The flowers are white, the base inside is yellow, and the outside is pink and purple, which is very fragrant. The flowering period is from June to July. Originated in the southwest mountainous area of China.

(6) Lilium longiflorum is solitary or 2 ~ 3 flowers are clustered on short pedicels, spreading or slightly drooping. Waxy white, green halo at the base, trumpet-shaped, flower diameter 10 ~ 12, cm, with strong fragrance; The flowering period is May-June. Native to Taiwan Province Province and southern Japan, it is widely cultivated in the world.

(7) The pedicel of Lilium lancifolium Thunb is stout, the flowers droop, the flower diameter is about 12 cm, the perianth segments are lanceolate, and they roll back into a ball after opening; Orange with purple and black spots scattered inside. The flowering period is July-August. Native to China, Japan and Korean Peninsula.

(8) There are 1 ~ several lilies in Taiwan Province Province, which are flat and narrow funnel-shaped, and the flower diameter is12 ~13cm; The flowers are white with reddish-brown halo outside. It blooms in late July. Originated in Taiwan Province Province, China.

(9) Sichuan Lily (David Lily) has 2-20 flowers per plant, which droop and grow, and the perianth piece rolls back; Brick red to orange. The flowering period is July-August. Originated in southwest and southwest China.

Lilium gracile var. lanzhou. Xing 'an) solitary or 2-6 terminal flowers, erect, cup-shaped, 7- 12 cm in diameter. Tepals are separated, tubeless, red and yellow, with lavender spots from the center to the base. May-June flowering, native to Northeast China, Hebei and Russian Far East.

(1 1) 1 Shandan flower is terminal, open upward and star-shaped, with red flowers and no spots. The flowering period is from June to July. Originated in the northwest of China.

(12) There are 1 ~ 4 lilies with leaves per plant, and 15 lilies at most, with small flowers and a diameter of only 4 cm; The color is orange-red to orange-yellow, with inconspicuous spots at the base. It blooms in August. Originated in China and Japan.

(13) Tianxiang Lily (Lilium brownii) has 4-5 flowers per plant, with more than 20 flowers at most, spreading or growing downwards; The flower pattern is large, the flower diameter is 23 ~ 30cm, the length is 15cm, the white has big reddish-brown spots, and the perianth center has radial longitudinal stripes, which is rich in fragrance. Flowers bloom in summer and autumn. Originated in central China and Japan.

(14) Lily (Wild Lily) has 1 ~ 4 flowers per plant, which grows horizontally and is milky white, with brown longitudinal stripes on the midvein on the back, and the flower diameter is about 14 cm, which is very fragrant. Flowering period is from August to 65438+ 10. Originated from the south coast and southwest provinces of China.

3. Like cool and humid climate, we need fertile, humus-rich and well-drained slightly acidic soil. I like the cool environment, but I'm afraid of the sun exposure. Most varieties are cold-resistant and heat-resistant, so continuous cropping is forbidden.

There are many kinds of lilies, which are widely distributed and have different requirements for environmental conditions. Wanglili Lily, Hubei Lily, Sichuan Lily and Lilium lancifolium have strong adaptability and can grow in weak alkaline soil. Lilium longiflorum has poor adaptability and can only grow in acidic soil.

Lily is a bulb flower planted in autumn. When it is cool in autumn, it will take root and sprout from the bulb. The new buds will not be unearthed in that year, but will sprout, grow and bloom quickly after the warm spring next year. After flowering, the aboveground parts gradually withered and dormant. If you want to break dormancy early, you can go through low temperature treatment of 2 ~ 10℃. Flower bud differentiation occurs after bulb germination and growth to a certain size.

Lily bulbs are perennial plants, and the life span of scales can reach 3 years. The bud in the center of the bulb extends out of the ground, and after growing into a stem on the ground, it can germinate 1 to several new buds on its side, and gradually form scales around each new bud. After a few years, new small light bulbs can be produced to update the old ones. At the same time, stem roots and bulbils can grow on the nodes where the stems are buried underground, which are equivalent to the foot buds of perennial flowers and can be used as propagation materials.

4. Breeding method

(1) A mother ball can grow for 1 year, and then 1 is branched from the stem axis to several small balls, which can be planted separately and then cultivated into big balls to bloom. If you want the mother ball to sprout more sub-balls, you can plant it deeply and cut off the buds to prevent flowering.

(2) After cutting off the stem segments, cut the above-ground stem segments into small segments with 3-4 leaves in each segment, and horizontally bury the stem segments in wet sand, so that the leaves are exposed from the sand surface for shade maintenance; Bulbs can grow from leaf axils in about 30 days, and can bloom and plant after 2 years of culture.

(3) Propagation of Pearl Buds Any lily (such as Rushan Dan) that can produce pearl buds at the base of aboveground stems can be collected before the pearl buds fall off, sown in humus soil or surface sand one by one, moved to an outdoor shaded flower pond after the spring of next year, and cultivated for 2-3 years to blossom.

(4) Scales are cut and dried indoors in the shade for several days, then peeled off one by one, obliquely inserted into vermiculite or sandy soil, so that the inside of scales is upward and the top is slightly exposed from the soil surface, and then moved indoors after winter, and the room temperature is kept at 20℃, so that young bulbs can germinate from the base of scales, and after three years of culture, they can grow into big balls that can bloom.

(5) The planting time of lily cultivation and maintenance is slightly different due to different varieties, and it should generally be planted 40-60 days after flowering, that is, between the middle and late August and September. First, dig out the underground bulbs, separate the big and small bulbs, and bury them indoors with wet sand for temporary storage. At the same time, the shady flower pond should be turned over deeply and a large amount of organic fertilizer should be applied at the same time. After harrowing, the ditch depth should not be less than 25 cm. The deeper the seeds are planted, the better the growth and development will be, and the bulbs will not be frozen. No special management is needed in the growing period, and it is planted once every 3-4 years.

In order to make lilies bloom in the Spring Festival, full bulbs can be planted in large and deep barrel flowerpots in September. First, put them in a cold room, try to keep the temperature as low as possible to break their dormancy, and keep the room temperature around 1 1 ~ 10℃ in February; After the new buds are unearthed, they are moved to the sunny place, and the room temperature is raised to above 15℃, so that they can bloom before the Spring Festival. If you have a hunch that you can't blossom before the Spring Festival, you should raise the room temperature to 20℃ after the bud appears, and fill the light with fluorescent lamp for 5 hours at night, which can bloom 2 weeks earlier.

If they want to blossom on New Year's Day, they should plant potted plants before the end of September. They expect to blossom on New Year's Day.

If you want to cut off the flower branches of lily for perennial flower arrangement and hydroponics, you can store the bulbs in the lower layer of the refrigerator at a low temperature of 3 ~ 5℃, then take them out and plant them in stages, and you can harvest the flower branches at any time.