Animals are a large category in the biological world. Generally, inorganic matter cannot be synthesized into organic matter. It can only use organic matter (plants, animals or microorganisms) as food. Therefore, it has different morphological structures and physiological functions from plants for ingestion, digestion, absorption, respiration, circulation, excretion, sensation, Life activities such as movement and reproduction. Classification of animals Zoology classifies animals with the same or similar characteristics into the same category based on their morphology, internal body structure, embryonic development characteristics, physiological habits, and geographical environment of living. They are called chordates and inchordates. Categories.

Animals can be divided into aquatic animals and terrestrial animals according to whether they live in water or land; according to whether they have feathers, they can be divided into feathered animals and featherless animals. In addition to the above two features, we can also use other features to classify them.

There are also many ways to classify animals. Through the anatomy of different animals, we can find that some animals have vertebrae in their bodies, and some animals have no vertebrae in their bodies. According to the presence or absence of vertebrae in their bodies, we can divide all animals into two categories: vertebrates and invertebrates.

[Edit this paragraph] Animal types

Vertebrates include: fish, reptiles, birds, amphibians, mammals and other five major species.

< p> The characteristics of vertebrates are the spine composed of vertebrae (the notochord is only seen in the embryonic stage). The spine protects the spinal cord. The spine and other bones form the unique endoskeletal system of vertebrates. There is an obvious head, and the front end of the dorsal neural tube differentiates into the brain. and other sensory organs, such as eyes, ears, etc. The brain and sensory organs are concentrated in the head, which can enhance the animal's perception of the outside world. The body is covered by the epidermis and dermis. The skin has glands, and the skin of most vertebrates is protective. Structures, such as scales, feathers, body hair, etc. It has a complete digestive system, a tongue in the mouth, most teeth, a liver and a pancreas. The circulatory system includes the heart, arteries, veins and blood vessels. The excretory system includes two kidneys and a bladder. It has endocrine glands that can divide hormones (hormones) to regulate body functions, growth and reproduction.

Invertebrates include: protozoa, platyhelminthes, coelenterates, echinoderms, and arthropods , molluscs, annelids, and linear animals. Therefore, invertebrates account for more than 90% of all animals in the world.

Fish characteristics: Aquatic animals (can only live in water) .The skin is covered with scales and is a cold-blooded animal. It has fins (can swim in water) and uses gills to breathe. It is fertilized in vitro. It is mainly oviparous, and some are viviparous and ovoviviparous.

Fish There are many types, mainly divided into two categories. Cartilaginous examples: Sharks

Characteristics: Tough skin, very small scales, no swim bladder, and the tail fin is asymmetrical up and down. There are five pairs of gills and no gill cover. Hard bones Example: Horsefish Characteristics: The skeleton is hard bone, the skin has many mucus glands, and it is covered by bone scales. It has a swim bladder.

Reptile Characteristics: Terrestrial animals. The skin is covered with scales or scutes. It has a waterproof outer skin and can lose water. It is an ectothermic animal (relying on external temperature or heat source to change its body temperature). Mainly distributed in warmer areas of the earth.

Internal fertilization, oviparous or ovoviviparous. On land Lay eggs, and the eggs are wrapped in a waterproof shell.

Classification of reptiles testbyfindwo

Pedopods

Example: turtle

Characteristics:

It has a hard shell. It has no teeth on the upper and lower jaws, but has horny sheaths. It lays eggs and can live on land, in water or in the sea.

Anipods

< p> Example: Cobra

Characteristics:

No limbs, shoulder straps and sternum. No movable eyes, face and external ear holes. The tongue is bifurcated at the end and has strong retractability. The skin has scales , can swallow prey larger than the diameter of its own body. The organs of snakes are specially adapted to grow in shape, and the left lung has degenerated. Snakes shed their skin regularly to facilitate growth.

Birds

Characteristics :

The whole body is covered with feathers, the body is streamlined, and there is a horny beak.

The eyes are on both sides of the head, and the neck is long and flexible and can rotate 270 degrees. < /p>

The forelimbs are specialized into wings, and the hind limbs have scaly skin and four toes.

Warm-blooded animals (can generate heat through their own physiological processes, even if the outside temperature is very low, they can maintain High and constant body temperature). The average body temperature is about 10 degrees higher than that of mammals (average 42 degrees).

Oviparous.

Classification of birds

1 ． Main features

(1) The body is covered with feathers, has wings, and can fly. The skin is thin and soft, allowing for vigorous muscle movements.

(2) Strong metabolism and constant body temperature. A high and constant body temperature promotes the metabolism in the body. Constant temperature reduces the dependence of animals on external temperature conditions, gaining the ability to be nocturnal and survive on polar continents.

(3) Have a developed nervous system and senses. The brain, cerebellum, and midbrain of birds are very developed. The cerebral hemispheres are larger, primarily due to the enlargement of the striatum at the base of the brain. In birds, the striatum is a high-level part that manages movement and is also related to some complex living habits.

Experiments have shown that when part of a bird's striatum is removed, its normal excitement and inhibition are destroyed, its vision is affected, and its courtship, nesting and other habits are lost. The cerebral cortex of birds is not developed, but the cerebellum is very developed, which is related to the coordination and balance of the bird's flight movement.

(4) Have relatively complete reproductive methods and behaviors (nesting, incubating eggs and brooding).

3. Classification of Aves

(1) Ratites

The main characteristics are: strong hind limbs, flat chest,

no keel, no ability to fly; feathers Distributed all over the body, without distinction between feathered area and bare area. The barbules do not have small hooks, so no pinnae are formed. Common species include ostriches and nestlings.

(2) Superorder Penguins

Medium and large birds that live in diving and have a series of characteristics adapted to diving life. The forelimbs are fin-shaped and suitable for paddling. Scaly

Squamous feathers (the rachis is short and the vanes are narrow), evenly distributed on the body surface. The tail is short, the legs are short and moved to the back of the body, and there are buns between the toes,

adapted to swimming life. When walking on land, the body is nearly upright and sways from side to side. The subcutaneous fat is well developed and helps maintain body temperature in cold areas and

water. The bones are heavy and not inflated. The sternum has a well-developed keel protrusion, which is related to the forward stroke. Swim fast.

This order is restricted to the Southern Hemisphere. Represented by the King Penguin.

(3) Phytophorax

Usually the wings are well developed, good at flying, the keel is developed, and the last 4 to 6 tail vertebrae heal into a coccygeal bone. It generally has a pneumatic skeleton and well-developed feathers, forming pinnae. The body surface is divided into feathered areas and bare areas. Most male birds do not have mating organs.

There are many kinds of birds in this general order. For the convenience of research, their groups can be discussed from two aspects.

One aspect is that according to the ecological type, it is divided into seven ecological types: wandering birds, wading birds, quails, doves and pigeons, climbing birds, raptors and songbirds.

Migrating birds: flat and broad beaks or long pointed ones, short and webbed legs, powerful or vestigial wings.

Wading birds: The beak is thin and long, the feet and toes are very long, the webs are not well developed, and the wings are powerful.

Quail: short and strong peck, strong feet and claws, short and round wings.

Doves and pigeons: short beak, wax film at the base, short and strong feet, and well-developed wings.

Climbing birds: strong beak, short and strong feet, opposite toes, and relatively developed wings.

Bird of prey: It has a strong hook-shaped beak, powerful feet, sharp hooked claws, and powerful wings for flying.

Songbirds: The beaks have different shapes, the legs are short and slender, and the wings are relatively developed.

Another aspect is to divide it into several orders for research based on morphological and structural characteristics. Here are some common ones.

Peleciformes: forward in all directions, with full puffs everywhere; the end of the mouth is hook-shaped, with a well-developed throat pouch. The chicks are late-adult birds, swimming birds,

Such as cormorants, etc.

Craneformes: long neck, long beak, long legs, three toes in front and one in back, and four toes on the same plane. The young birds are late-growing crows and wading birds.

Common species include egrets, etc.

Anseriformes: flat mouth, thickened beak, and ctenoid-like protrusions on the edge; short legs moved backwards, with three toes in front and one in back, and webbed between the front toes.

Male wings often have wing mirrors; male birds have mating organs; chicks are precocious birds and migratory birds. Common species include swans and mallards.

Falconiformes: They have sharp hooks in their beaks, well-developed claws, strong flying power, sharp vision, birds of prey, and their chicks are late adults. Common species include

kites, kestrels, golden eagles, etc.

Galliformes: strong body; short, conical beak; short round wings, good at walking; male birds have fleshy crests on their heads and brightly colored feathers; during the breeding season

Complex behavior , quail and chicken, the young birds are precocious birds. Such as brown-eared pheasant, golden pheasant, etc.

Craneformes: long beak, long neck and long legs, three toes in front and one in back, inter-digital webs are underdeveloped, and the hind toes are located higher than the other three

The toes are not on the same plane, and the young bird is a precocious bird, a wading bird. Common species include red-crowned cranes, gray cranes, etc.

Columbiformes: short beak with wax film; four toes are on the same plane, short and strong feet, good at walking; crop is well developed, and the chicks are late adults

or Early adult birds, doves and pigeons. Common species include rock pigeons, hairy-legged sand grouse, etc.

Owl-shaped order: powerful and hooked beak and claws; large head, large eyes facing forward, feathers around the eyes forming a facial disk; large ear holes, with ear feathers, and keen hearing

The fourth part can be reversed backward; the young bird is a late adult bird and a bird of prey. The main species include long-eared owl, short-eared owl, etc.

Birds of prey: the beak is cone-shaped, suitable for pecking wood; the tongue has a long horny hook; the toes are two in front and two in back; the young birds are late adults and climbing birds.

Common species such as spotted woodpeckers.

Passeriformes: well-developed syrinx and songbird; three toes in front of one behind, on the same plane, suitable for nesting, the young birds are late adults and sing

birds. Common species include skylarks, barn swallows, etc.

Amphibians (Amphilia)

Characteristics:

Needs to spend its childhood in water.

Has a skeleton adapted to living on land Structure, with limbs, moist skin, and many glands.

The body has no scales or body hair.

The tongue is bifurcated, inverted, and can extend outward.

< p> Mating and fertilization occur in water.

Larvae breathe through gills, while adults breathe through skin, oral lining and lungs.

Classification of amphibians

Tailless

Example: Toad

Characteristics:

It has a skeletal system adapted to life on land. The body is divided into heads, trunk and limbs. The forelimbs have four toes and the hind limbs have five. The toes are webbed between the toes. The hind limbs are suitable for swimming and jumping. They have lungs, but the main respiratory organs are the inner wall of the mouth and the skin.

Has a tail

Example: Salamander

Characteristics:

It has a skeletal system adapted to life on land and is an amphibian with a slender body and a tail.

No legs

Example: Ichthyosaur

Mammal

Characteristics:

The body has a spine connected by many vertebrae;

The body is covered with hair , has oral chewing and digestion, which can improve the intake of energy and nutrients;

Viviparous (except platypus, echidna), lactation;

Constant temperature. It can also be maintained when the environmental temperature changes. Keep body temperature relatively constant, thus reducing dependence on the external environment and expanding distribution range;

The brain is enlarged, the brain is quite developed, and it exceeds other animals in intelligence and environmental adaptation;

The inner limbs are strong and sensitive, with the ability to move quickly;

The left and right chambers of the heart are completely separated;

The teeth are divided into incisors, canines and cheek teeth.

Classification of mammals

1. Main features

(1) The whole body is covered with hair and has the ability to move quickly on land. Hair is unique to mammals, and mammals generally moult twice a year: in spring and autumn. Molting is mammals' adaptation to seasonal changes.

(2) Oral chewing and digestion occur. The digestive tract is highly differentiated, the digestive glands are relatively developed, and the digestive enzymes are diverse. The teeth of mammals are divided into incisors (incisors), canines (canines) and molars (molars). Tooth shape and number of teeth are one of the basis for classifying mammals

.

(3) The body temperature is constant and dependence on the environment is reduced.

(4) Have a highly developed nervous system and senses, and strong coordination ability. The mammalian nervous system is mainly manifested in the enlargement of the brain and small brain, the aggregation of nerve cells, and the thickening of the cortex. Wrinkles (sulci and gyri) appear on the surface.

(5) Viviparous and lactating, the survival rate of offspring is high.

Prototherian characteristics are oviparous, and the eggs are shelled. (Example: Platypus)

Metatherian characteristics do not have a true placenta, and the young develop in the pouch. (Example: Platypus) Kangaroo)

True mammals are characterized by a placenta, and the fetus is born after it is fully developed. It accounts for the vast majority of mammals and is divided into fourteen categories.

Insectivores (Example: Mole)

Squamata (Example: Pangolin)

Chiroptera (Example: Bat)

Lagomorphs (Example: Rabbit )

Rodents (e.g. rats, porcupines)

Dentodents (e.g. anteaters)

Carnivores (e.g. lions, dogs , panda)

Pinnipeds (eg: sea lions, seals, walruses)

Manatees (eg: sea cows)

Cetaceans (eg: dolphins, Whales

Proboscis (e.g. elephant)

Perissodactyla (e.g. zebra, rhinoceros)

Artiodactyl (e.g. hippopotamus, cow, pig , deer, camel)

Primates (example: orangutan, monkey, human)

Example: lion

Characteristics:

It is a cat in the order Carnivora. It is a large mammal with retractable claws, good at jumping, well-developed canine teeth, and good at ambush other animals.

Example: Elephant

Characteristics: < /p>

It is the largest terrestrial animal in existence. Its ears are wide and flat, and its nose is extremely long, which can help it get food. Its body hair has degraded, and its soles have thick elastic tissue pads to support the weight of the body. Its upper incisors are particularly developed and grow Outside the body, the food is mainly plants.

Example: Anteater

Characteristics:

Two to three fingers of the forelimbs are particularly long, used to dig out ant nests .It has no incisors, a long tubular snout, a long sticky tongue, which can adhere to termites, and a long and hairy tail. It lives in grassland swamps, is good at swimming, and feeds on termites and ants.

Example: Bat

Characteristics:

The forelimbs are specialized and have particularly long finger bones. There are thin and tough wing membranes between the finger bones and the sides of the body and the hind limbs, which serve as flight organs. The hind limbs have claws that can hang the body upside down to perch. .The sternum is protruding and the clavicle is developed to facilitate flight. Most bats like to eat insects and are good at preying on flying insects. A few eat fruits.

Example: Dolphin

Characteristics:

Marine mammals, there are also freshwater species. Dolphins are toothed whales, with streamlined bodies, indistinguishable necks, and healing of the cervical vertebrae. The head is pointed and long, with an endoplasmic dorsal fin. The forelimbs are characteristic Transformed into a broad paddle shape. It has no hind limbs, a long tail, and a horizontal forked tail fin.

Example: ape

Characteristics:

The thumb is opposite to the other fingers, suitable for It is used for climbing and holding objects. It has well-developed collarbones, body hair (except palms), fingernails, and developed brain and sensory organs. Its eyes are forward and there are bony eye sockets. The behavior is close to humans.

Protozoa< /p>

Characteristics:

A single-celled animal with a very simple body structure. It can eat, move, reproduce and die. The body is so small that it can only be observed with a microscope. It lives. In fresh water, sea water or the body fluids of other animals, such as amoebas.

Molluscs

Molluscs have diverse shapes and are a very successful biological category, including all " Shellfish, octopus and cuttlefish. Most molluscs live in the sea, some live at the junction of saltwater and freshwater or freshwater, and a small number are terrestrial.

Characteristics: < /p>

The body is soft, unsegmented, and symmetrical. The dorsal cortex extends downward to form a mantle, covering most of the body. The shells of molluscs are secreted by the epithelial cells of the mantle.

Most molluscs have one or two shells, such as snails and clams.

[1] Others degenerate into inner shells, hidden under the mantle, such as Cuttlefish.

The shell of some species disappears completely, such as nudibranchs.

Worms

Characteristics:

Soft body, divided

Each link has a pair of excretory organs. For example, earthworms and lugworms.

Soft round body, parasitic in animals or plants. For example, roundworms and pinworms.

Arthropods Animals

Arthropods are the largest phylum in the animal kingdom and have the most diverse species, accounting for about 85% of all animal species. They are extremely adaptable to the environment and can live in seawater, Fresh water, mountains, air, soil, and even inside and outside the body of animals and plants.

Main features:

The body is symmetrical on both sides and segmented, but some of the body segments are fused into Special parts, such as the head and thorax. In some arthropods, such as spiders, the head and thorax are further fused to form a cephalothorax. The appendages of the body, such as feet, antennae, mouthparts, etc., are segmented.

< p> The body wall is hard, mainly composed of chitin, which provides protection and serves as an exoskeleton. Because the body wall is hard and hinders growth, arthropods need to molt multiple times during the growth period.

Senses The system is very developed, and there are two types of eyes: single eye and compound eye. The compound eye is used for seeing, while the single eye is used for light sensing. In addition, there are also organs of touch, taste, smell, hearing and balance. Many insects also have special sound generators. < /p>

The respiratory system of arthropods is quite diverse, and they can use the body surface, gills (aquatic) and trachea (terrestrial) to breathe. Spiders and others use book lungs to breathe.

Classification of arthropods:

Crustaceans

Examples: shrimps, crabs.

Arachnids

Examples: spiders, scorpions.

Insects

Example: Butterfly

Myriapods

Example: Centipede

Thoughts:

p>

I spent a lot of time and energy looking for animal types and photos, but I think it was all worth it. Because I read a lot of books and catalogs about animals and insects, and I found them very interesting and interesting. I learned a lot about animals.

I also learned that zoologists use different characteristics and living habits of animals to classify them. The largest land animal is the extinct tyrannosaurus, and the largest now is the elephant. , the smallest is an amoeba that can only be seen with a microscope. I also learned that amphibians originally grew up in water when they were young and lived on land when they grew up. Some animals I used to classify into the same kind, but now Only then did I realize that they were animals of the second category.

I also realized that everything we eat is living things, and all animals eat living things. Most of the animals are useful to us humans. , but many animals are on the verge of extinction because we capture and kill them, especially mammals.

In order to balance the ecology of nature, we should not cut down trees at will, but should care for nature. Do not harm animals, because All animals, like humans, are living creatures.

Subkingdom Parazoa - Subkingdom of Parazoa

Subkingdom gnotozoa - Subkingdom of Protozoa

Protozoa - Protozoa

Orthonectoda - Orthophora

Rhombozoa - Rhombozoa

Subkingdom Metazoa - Metazoa

Porifera - Porifera (sponges)

Placozoa - Placozoa

Radiata - Radiata

Cnidaria - Cnidaria

< p> Ctenophora - Ctenophores

Bilateria - Bilaterally symmetrical animals

Protostomia - Protostomia superphylum

Priapulida - Branchiozoans

Entoprocta - Acoelomorpha

Acoelomorpha - Acoelomate

Platyhelminthes

- Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

Nemertina - Nemertata (nemerophyta)

Pseudocoelomata - Pseudocoelomates

Nematoda - Nematoda ( Roundworms)

Nematomorpha - Nematomorpha

Rotifera - Rotifera (Rotifers)

Acanthocephala - Acanthocephala

Kinorhyncha - Kinorhynchus

Coelomata - Eucoelometa

Gastrotricha - Gastrochaetes

Gnathostomulida - Gnathostomulida

< p> Micrognathozoa - Micrognathozoa

Loricifera - Armored phylum

Cycliophora - Cyclostome

Mollusca - Mollusca (molluscs) < /p>

Sipuncula - Starworms (star worms)

Echiurida - Echizoids

Pogonophora - Barbels

Pentastomida - Glossata

Annelida - Annelida (articular insects)

Tardigrada - Tardigrade (water bears)

Onychophora - Clawed Animal Phylum

Arthropoda - Arthropoda (insects, etc.)

Lophophorata - Tentacled Animals

Phoronida - Broomworms

Ectoprocta - Echinodermata (Bryozoa)

Brachiopoda - Brachiopods

Deuterostomia - Deuterostomia superphylum

Echinodermata - Echinodermata

Chaetognatha - Chaetognatha (arrowworms)

Hemichordata - Hemichordates

Chordata - Chordata (vertebrates, etc.)

[Edit this paragraph]Origin

The history of the animal kingdom is the long process of animal origin, differentiation and evolution. It is a process from single cells to multi-cells, from invertebrate to spine, from low to high, from simple to complex. The earliest single-celled protozoa evolved into multi-celled invertebrates, and gradually sponges, coelenterates, platyhelminthes, nemerteans, nematozoans, annelids, molluscs, and arthropods appeared. Phylum Animalia, Echinodermata. Vertebrates evolved from echinoderms without backbones. The earliest vertebrates were Cylostomes. During the evolution of Cylostomes, upper and lower jaws appeared, and they evolved from aquatic to terrestrial. Amphibians were the first vertebrates to land on land. Although amphibians have been able to land on land, they are still not completely free from the constraints of the aquatic environment. They must also lay eggs, reproduce and spend their childhood in the water. Continuing evolution from primitive amphibians, reptiles emerged. Reptiles can lay eggs and hatch on land, completely breaking away from their dependence on water and becoming true terrestrial animals. Reptiles and their predecessors are all cold-blooded animals. Their bodies become cold and stiff, and at this time they have to stop moving and enter a state of hibernation. Then reptiles evolved into birds, which became warm-blooded animals that did not have to enter a dormant state, and finally evolved into viviparous mammals, and humans are the most advanced animals among mammals.

[Edit this paragraph] Reproduction and Development

Almost all animals engage in some type of sexual reproduction. Mature individuals are diploid or polyploid.

They have specialized germ cells that undergo meiosis to produce either smaller, swimming sperm or larger, immobile eggs. The sperm and egg will combine to form a fertilized egg and develop into a new individual.

Many animals are also capable of asexual reproduction. This may occur in parthenogenesis (where mature eggs are produced without mating), or in some cases of reproduction via fragmentation.

The fertilized egg will initially develop into a small ball, called a blastocyst, where it will reform and differentiate. Within the sponge, the blastocyst larvae will swim to a new location and develop into a new sponge. In most other taxa, the blastocyst undergoes more complex rearrangements. The blastocyst initially becomes internalized to form the gastrula with a digestive cavity and two separate germ layers - ectoderm and endoderm. In most cases, there is also a mesoderm in between. These germ layers then differentiate into various tissues and organs.

Most animals use energy from sunlight indirectly to grow. Plants use sunlight to convert simple sugars in a process called photosynthesis. It starts with carbon dioxide and water. After photosynthesis, the energy of sunlight is converted into chemical energy bonded in glucose, and oxygen is released. These sugars are then used as building materials for growing plants. When animals eat these plants (or eat other animals that eat plants), the sugars produced by the plants are used by the animals. These sugars are either used directly to help animals grow, or they are broken down to release stored solar energy for energy for animal activity. This process is called glycolysis.

Animals that live in places such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and submarine cold vents near the seabed do not rely on solar energy. Instead, chemosynthetic archaea and bacteria form the base of their food chain.

[Edit this paragraph] Classification levels, naming template methods and identification

The classification system is a level system, usually including 7 main levels: species, genus, family, order , Gang, door, boundary. Species (species) is the basic unit, closely related species are classified into genera, closely related genera are classified into families, families are subordinate to orders, orders are subordinate to classes, classes are subordinate to phylum, and phyla are subordinate to boundaries. As research progresses, the classification levels continue to increase, and secondary units can be added above and below the unit, such as general class (superclass), subclass, subclass, general order (superorder), suborder, suborder, superfamily (superfamily) ), subfamily, etc. In addition, new units can also be added, such as stocks, groups, families, groups, etc. The most common one is family, which is between subfamily and genus. Usually infraspecific classification, animals only have subspecies units.

[Edit this paragraph] Pick up items

●The smallest spider was discovered in the tropical forest of Panama last year, with a body length of 0.8 mm.

●The smallest bird in the world is the "miniature" hummingbird, which weighs 2 grams and is 5 centimeters long from the tip of its beak to the tip of its tail.

●There is a "monkey school" in Thailand to train monkeys to pick coconuts. A well-trained pig-tailed monkey can pick 1,400 coconuts in a day.

Not long ago, the "graduates" of the Monkey School held a competition, and the winner picked 9 coconuts in half a minute.

●Until recently, the Etruscan was considered the smallest mammal: an adult weighs 2 grams and is about 5 centimeters long (longer if the tail is attached).

A few years ago, a new contender for the title of "smallest mammal" - the little flying squirrel - was discovered in the tropical jungles of Thailand. It weighs about 2 grams, has a body length of 3 centimeters, a head length of 11 millimeters, and a wingspan of 5.5 centimeters. It feeds on small insects.

●In the spring of 2007, the world's oldest "dog birthday boy" died in Brisbane, Austria, at the age of 32, which is equivalent to a human life of 224 years.

●The mammal with the largest milk production is obviously the whale. A blue whale can produce 430 liters of milk per day during lactation, which is equivalent to five times the milk production of the best cows.

●Three African elephants in Zimbabwe have set a record for this type of animal swimming long distances. They swam continuously for no less than 30 hours and traveled more than 35 kilometers.

●Of all the animals, the one with the weirdest name is a blind spider that lives in some caves on the island of Kaua‘i in Hawaii. This is the big-eyed spider. It turns out that according to all characteristics, it belongs to the family Macropodidae, but because it lives in caves, it causes blindness in both eyes, leaving it with the nickname "Big Eyes".

An adult cheetah can reach 100 kilometers per hour in a few seconds.

The largest bird in the world is the ostrich.

If it is a flying bird, it is an albatross.

The smallest bird in the world is the hummingbird.

Frogs with external vocal sacs are male.

The reason for hitting the snake at "seven inches" is because it happens to be the heart.

Snakes shed a layer of skin every two to three months in order to grow their bodies.

Turtles shed tears to excrete salt.

The male bird incubates the eggs of the ostrich.

The wild geese fly in a human-shaped or single-shaped formation, which is to borrow the airflow when the wings of the wild goose in front are fanned for long-distance flight.

The crane stands on one foot to rest alternately.

In summer, the dog's tongue sticks out to "sweat" to dissipate heat.

The reason why the horse reins are put on the corners of the horse's mouth and the cow's reins are put on the cow's nose is because the pain points are most distributed in these places.

Bats are not birds, they are mammals.

Wolves howling at night are courting or swarming.

When whales spray water, they are breathing.

Musk is a gland used by male musk deer to attract female musk deer when they are in heat.

[Edit this paragraph] Endangered animals

1. Prairie tortoise The clawed tortoise is a tortoise that lives in inland grassland areas. The carapace is 12-16 cm long and 10-14 cm wide. The head and limbs are yellow; the head is small, with symmetrical large scales on the top; the beak edge is serrated. The center of the scute is brown-black, the edge is yellow, and there are concentric rings. Each limb has four claws, and there are no webs between the fingers and toes. There are hard large scales on the forearms and shins, and a cluster of cone-shaped large scales on the back of the thigh. It is a national first-level protected animal. 2. Giant salamander The giant salamander is the largest of the existing urinary orders, and can be more than 1 meter long. The head is flat and blunt, the mouth is large, the eyes are underdeveloped, and there are no eyelids. The front part of the body is flat, and gradually turns to side flatness towards the tail. There are obvious skin folds on both sides of the body, the limbs are short and flat, the fingers and toes are five in front and four in back, and are slightly webbed. The tail is round, with fins on the top and bottom of the tail. The body surface is smooth and covered with mucus. The back of the body is mixed with black and brown-red, and the ventral surface is light in color. It is a national second-level protected animal. 3. Loris. The loris is small and slow-moving. It is a lower-level monkey with a body length of 32-35 cm. Two small ears are hidden in the furry round head; the eyes are round and big. The limbs are short, thick and equal in length, the second toe still retains a hook, and the tail is short and hidden in the hair. The back of the body is brown-gray or orange-yellow, with a tan ridge extending from the top to the base of the tail in the middle. The ventral surface is brown, and the eyes and ears have dark brown ring spots. There are also giant pandas, golden monkeys, white-tip dolphins, Chinese sturgeons, etc. in our country.