1. Exercise-Walk independently
At this stage, the baby learns to walk quickly. At first, he (she) may only stumble a few steps, but he (she) is happy to walk over and over again. Parents should give their babies more opportunities to exercise and gradually lengthen the distance of practice. You can play games of throwing things, picking things up and looking for things with your baby, and train your baby to play on the ground alone, squat down to pick things up, stand up and walk steadily. You can also let the baby practice walking with toys such as small trailers, and give the baby the opportunity to learn to walk sideways and backwards with toys.
Hold hands on the stairs-after the baby can walk independently, he (she) can hold hands and practice climbing the stairs. At first, it may be difficult for a baby to lift his or her feet, and his or her body is unbalanced. Parents can help him (her) climb the stairs more, and then gradually reduce the help and train the baby to walk the stairs on his own.
2. Cognitive-hands-on games
1 year-old baby begins to take the initiative and can do some operations by himself. At this time, you can play all kinds of hands-on games with your baby, such as building blocks and stacking buckets. You can show the baby first, say "Let's build a tall building", then let the baby imitate, and then let him (her) play by himself, starting with two pieces and gradually increasing. Babies of this age can usually put up 3 ~ 4 pieces. You can also teach your baby to insert a pencil into the pen container, starting with a large pen container and gradually switching to a small pen container, or a pen container that can only insert one pen. You can also teach your baby to play with inserts and put small things into small-caliber containers. These are all training the flexibility and accuracy of the baby's hands.
Spontaneous painting-continue to encourage your baby to draw with strokes. At this time, you can teach your baby to hold the pen first: teach him (her) to hold the pen and draw with the tip down, and teach him (her) to learn to draw, so that the baby can master the animation strokes. Most babies of this age scribble casually. Parents should not stop him (her) stiffly, but encourage him (her) to imitate, draw some strokes and tell him (her) what these are like and what those are like. The main purpose of encouraging babies in this period to draw is to cultivate their ability to use pens and their "creative desire".
3. Language named objects
The baby has already spoken, so parents should always show the baby some pictures, children's books and so on. And teach him (her) to correctly understand the names of various objects and their simple uses. We should often take our baby out to play and let him know more about the outside world. In the process of teaching your baby to know, you should guide and encourage him or her to say the names of these objects and actively address the people around him or her. Parents should ask, "What is this?" In order to inspire the baby to say the name, parents should tell him or her clearly when the baby can't say it, and strengthen it repeatedly to let the baby say more object names.
Expression-Language is a tool for human communication, and communication is first and foremost self-expression. Babies should be taught to express their demands in the right language. At first, babies may use gestures and actions to express their wishes. At this time, parents should insist on teaching their babies to express themselves in words.
For example, want, take and drink. At this time, most babies can only say one word, but this word often represents a sentence and may be the expression of multiple meanings.
For example, "take" may mean "take something to yourself" or "take it to you". Parents should be good at understanding the baby's language, correctly meet his or her requirements, and teach the baby to express it in clearer language.
4. Life and communication-using spoons and cups
Parents should give their baby a chance to do things by themselves, that is, teach him or her to learn to do things. First of all, from the beginning of eating, teach the baby to learn to take food from the bowl with a spoon and send it to his mouth. At first, the baby may use the spoon inaccurately and spill a lot of food, but the parents still have to give him or her a chance to try. They can give him (her) a bowl and spoon respectively, and put less food for the baby to practice. The same is true for practicing drinking water from a cup. At first, you can put less water in the cup and teach the baby to bring the water to his mouth. Parents can give appropriate help, and then the baby will gradually complete it by himself. Parents should not let their babies study because they are afraid of spilling food all over the floor or soiling clothes, which will dampen their enthusiasm. Because doing these things is not only the study of the baby's initial self-care ability, but also the cultivation of the baby's initiative and independence.
Play together, as the baby's range of activities increases, he (she) has more and more opportunities to communicate with the outside world. We should consciously let the baby play with his (her) friends, and we can also teach him (her) to treat the doll as a small partner. At this time, although the baby can't play together, it is necessary to establish the initial concept of partnership and cultivate the happy mood of the baby playing with others.
One-year-old baby's self-care education went smoothly. Walking is the whole body movement under the control of the brain. Walking can expand the baby's range of activities, increase what he sees and the stimulation he receives, and at the same time free his hands, let them participate in various activities, which can stimulate the development of his brain. When walking, let the baby follow the ground with his feet. If you find your baby walking on tiptoe or unsteady, or walking with his legs crossed, or unable to walk for one and a half years, you should see a doctor.
The dexterous movements of the hands and fingertips. This refers to the practice of pinching the thumb and forefinger, which is very important for the baby's future life, work, study and use of tools. Therefore, it is necessary to practice holding a pen, drawing, picking peas, sticking sticks and building blocks from the age of one.
Train the ability to communicate with others. Children over one year old can walk, which is also the period when imitation ability is formed. At this time, the baby can follow his mother, imitate, move, imitate and practice speaking more. But more attention should be paid to communication with children, which can form close interpersonal relationships and better promote language development.
Eat, sleep and defecate regularly. These aspects of self-care and regularity are the manifestations of the maturity of the central nervous system, which can promote the baby's physical development and normal brain development. During this period, the baby should be trained to express the requirements of eating, sleeping and defecating in language, drink water from a cup, use a spoon, eat by himself, urinate by himself and control defecation.