data of spacecraft
name of spacecraft: Shenzhou VI
Launch: 9: : Beijing time on October 12th, 25
Take-off: 9: : 3.583 Beijing time on October 12th, 25
Landing: 4 Beijing time on October 17th, 25. P > Height: 343 km
Astronaut
Astronaut
Fei Junlong, commander
Nie Haisheng, operator
This is the first time that two astronauts have made a space mission. Nie Haisheng celebrated his 41st birthday in space on October 13th.
Reserve astronauts
First echelon: Liu Boming, Jing Haipeng
Second echelon: Zhai Zhigang, Wu Jie
Head of each subsystem
Chief commander and chief designer of astronaut system: Shanguang Chen
Chief commander and chief designer of spacecraft application system: Gu Yidong
Chief commander of spacecraft system: Shang Zhi, chief designer: Zhang Bainan
. Chief Designer: Liu Zhusheng
Launch Site System Commander: Zhang Yulin, Chief Designer: Lu Jinrong
TT&C Communication System Commander: Dong Deyi, Chief Designer: Yu Zhijian
Landing Site System Commander: Sui Qisheng, Chief Designer: Hou Ying
Timeline
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used in the following time.
On October 11th,
At 22: 15-22: 17, the astronauts entered the spaceship
At 22: 53, the door of the Shenzhou VI return module was closed
On October 12th,
At : 27, the operating support of the rocket launch tower was fully opened
At 1: : , the Long March II F rocket was ignited
. 2 seconds) the rocket abandons the escape tower
1:2:19 (the 136th second after ignition) and the rocket booster separates
1:2:42 (the 159th second after ignition). The first-stage rocket falls
1:3:23 (the 2th second after ignition), and the fairing is separated at the height of 11km
1:9:43 (the 583rd second after ignition), and the spacecraft and rocket are separated successfully at the height of about 2km
1:9:52, and Shenzhou VI enters the scheduled orbit
7: . Anti-interference test in orbit
The sea conditions in the sea areas where Yuanwang-1, Yuanwang-2 and Yuanwang-3 were located deteriorated at 18: 21
The first orbit maintenance of Shenzhou VI after orbit change at 21: 56
On October 15th
From 8: 29 to 8: 31, the astronauts talked with Chinese people and President Hu Jintao.
On October 16th
At 18: 4, Shenzhou VI entered the 76th flight around the earth, and returned to the command to unlock it at 18: 44 over the measurement and control area of Qingdao Station
At 19: 1, the dispatcher of Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center announced that, Track the return section for 3 minutes to prepare
Shenzhou VI is flying over the South Pacific at 19: 17
The solar panels in the propulsion module are vertically zeroed at 19: 18
At 19: 42, Yuanwang No.3 survey ship captured the Shenzhou VI signal
At 19: 43-19: 48, Yuanwang No.3 survey ship adjusted its attitude and separated the orbital module from the return flight. Shenzhou VI successfully entered the scheduled return orbit
Yuanwang III issued an instruction to Shenzhou VI at 19: 43, and the first attitude adjustment of Shenzhou VI began
The orbital module and the return module were successfully separated at 19: 44
The propulsion module was ignited at 19: 45, and the return flight began
The propulsion module was controlled to shut down at 19: 48: 29. Fly out of the measurement and control section of Yuanwang No.3 survey ship
The return module flew over the African continent at 19: 52 and flew to China
The return module flew over South Asia at 2: 2, and the astronauts reported that the spacecraft was working normally. Feel good
The propulsion module and the return module were successfully separated at 2: 7
The return module entered the communication blackout zone at 2: 13
At 2: 16, the measurement and control equipment at the landing site found the spacecraft
At 2: 19, the main umbrella cover of the return module was opened
At 2: 2, the deceleration umbrella was taken off and the main umbrella was opened. The helicopter visually observed the target
The anti-heat outsole of the return capsule was successfully dropped at 2: 23
The return capsule landed successfully at 2: 33
The door of the return capsule was opened at 21: 4
At 21: 39, two astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng left the return capsule
The Shenzhou VI spacecraft formed a
orbital module: "multi-function hall"
. The reason why the orbital module of Shenzhou VI is called "multi-function hall" is because the two astronauts are in the orbital module at other times except when they take off and return. The orbital module integrates many functions such as working, eating, sleeping, washing and convenience.
escape tower: to ensure the safety of the spacecraft
escape life-saving tower: located at the forefront of the spacecraft, 8 meters high. It is actually a small launch vehicle consisting of a series of rocket engines. During the period from 9 seconds before the launch of the rocket carrying the spacecraft to 16 seconds after the launch, the running distance of the rocket ranges from to 1 kilometers. In case of emergency, this life-saving tower will be started urgently, dragging the return module and orbital module of the Shenzhou VI spacecraft away from the rocket, quickly escaping from the dangerous place and landing to a safe place by parachute.
orbital module: the astronaut's "home"
orbital module: also called working module. Its shape is a cylinder with cone angles at both ends, which is the astronaut's "space bedroom" and "workshop". It also has two functions: astronaut's living cabin and orbital experiment cabin, so it is also called orbital cabin. The orbital module is equipped with a variety of experimental equipment and instruments, which can be used for earth observation, and its two sides are equipped with retractable large solar cell sails, solar sensors, various antennas and various docking structures, which are used to convert solar energy into spacecraft energy and communicate with the ground. As an astronaut's "space bedroom", the environment of the orbital module is very comfortable, and the temperature in the module is generally between 17 and 25 degrees Celsius.
return cabin: the astronaut's "cab"
return cabin: also known as cockpit, it is the astronaut's "cab". It is a cabin for astronauts to travel to and from space. It is a closed structure with a hatch at the front. After "Shenzhou VI" completed its mission around the earth, two astronauts will also return to Earth in the return capsule.
propulsion module: also called instrument module. Usually install propulsion system, power supply, track brake, and provide oxygen and water for astronauts. The two sides of the propulsion cabin are also equipped with main solar cell sails with an area of more than 2 square meters.
why choose autumn launch?
Morning News Comprehensive Xinhua News Agency Careful people will notice that Shenzhou 5, China's first manned spacecraft, was successfully launched at this time two years ago. Is it a coincidence that the launch of Shenzhou VI this year coincides with the golden autumn season? No. This is because the meteorological conditions in autumn are most suitable for launching manned spacecraft in China.
The selection of launch season of spacecraft should take into account various factors that may affect the launch, among which meteorological conditions are the most direct and key determinant.
after the spacecraft is launched, the space TT&C network will conduct TT&C management on the spacecraft. If shenzhou spaceship is compared to a kite flying into space, then the space TT&C network is the important kite line. China's space TT&C network consists of several ground TT&C stations and four Yuanwang space survey ships. The four survey vessels are Yuanwang No.1 and Yuanwang No.2 in the Pacific Ocean, Yuanwang No.4 in the Indian Ocean and Yuanwang No.3 in the Atlantic Ocean. Among them, three survey ships are all in the southern hemisphere with relatively high latitude.
The seasons in the southern hemisphere are just the opposite of those in China. China's spring and summer seasons are autumn and winter seasons in the southern hemisphere, and the sea conditions are so bad that it is difficult to ensure safety even when sailing normally, let alone performing monitoring and control tasks at sea, so it is not suitable to launch spacecraft. The autumn and winter seasons in China are spring and summer seasons in the southern hemisphere, and the sea conditions are good, which is convenient for navigation and survey tasks. Therefore, the launch timing of China's Shenzhou-1 to Shenzhou-5 spacecraft is chosen in the autumn and winter seasons opposite to the southern hemisphere.
In addition, compared with winter, although Shenzhou IV launched on December 3, 22 broke the historical record of low-temperature launch in China, in manned space flight, people-oriented and fully ensuring the safety of astronauts became the biggest feature of the launch, so the meteorological conditions in the launch section were also very important. Obviously, autumn is more suitable than winter. Therefore, Shenzhou V two years ago and Shenzhou VI manned spacecraft this year both chose to launch in autumn.
According to Gong Jiancun, a researcher at the Space Environment Forecasting Center of China Academy of Sciences, "This year is close to the bottom of the cycle. It is expected that the solar activity will be stable during the Shenzhou VI flight, which is suitable for human beings to carry out space activities."
Gong Jiancun said that people have mastered that the solar cycle is 11 years, with the peak in 2 and the bottom in 26. Therefore, the frequency of abnormal solar activity is low this year, and the general trend is conducive to human space activities. Shenzhou VI will fly in "fine weather".
Choice of astronaut's food
From Shenzhou V, when China's manned space flight reached zero, to Shenzhou VI, when two people flew into outer space, China astronauts' special milk Mengniu milk accompanied the astronauts from the sweaty training ground to the vast space, which witnessed the hardship and glory of China's manned space flight. What are the special requirements for the choice of astronauts' food, and how did Mengniu milk become the "special milk for astronauts in China"? With the successful return of Shenzhou VI, the mystery shrouded in astronauts' recipes was gently uncovered by nutrition experts.
In China, an air force pilot should be selected from 1, soldiers, and only one of the 1 air force pilots has the opportunity to become a fighter pilot. Astronauts are selected from among these fighter pilots after comprehensive investigation and comparison. In order to ensure that these "national treasures" who shoulder the heavy responsibility of the motherland maintain good physical and psychological quality, a nutrition team composed of experts from all sides began a rigorous selection of special foods for astronauts long before Shenzhou V's first manned space mission. In order to ensure the safety, green and nutrition of space food, the regulations of the Institute of Space Medical Engineering on astronaut food are as long as 8 pages! The investigation and selection of "all-nutritious food" milk bear the brunt.
Milk source is the first key to determine the quality of milk, so it has become the primary factor for experts to assess. Considering that the western prairie of China, with Inner Mongolia prairie as the core, is located in the internationally recognized high-quality dairy farming belt with mid-temperate monsoon climate, which is unparalleled in China and has leading significance in the world, Mengniu Dairy, whose main milk source bases are all in this belt, has entered the field of vision of experts. In Mengniu's production base, they saw the world's leading "model factory", where every drop of raw milk became a fragrant and qualified milk product through a series of automatic processes, and the whole process was carried out in a closed and sterile state. From the market to the factory, from the factory to the pasture, the performance of Mengniu milk convinced every expert.
after strict testing, the national aerospace department believes that all the indexes of Mengniu milk have reached or exceeded the domestic and international standards. With its pure nature, high quality, rich nutrition and good taste, Mengniu milk has finally become the only "China astronaut-specific milk" designated by space nutritionists. Since then, "three cups of milk a day" has become a "white movement" in astronaut training, work and life.
Every morning, while enjoying other carefully matched foods, astronauts should drink a glass of Mengniu milk to effectively ensure the heat and nutrition throughout the day. " After lunch, the nutritionist at the training base will send a cup of Mengniu yogurt to every astronaut in time. It turns out that the organic acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid contained in yogurt not only give yogurt a refreshing sour taste, but also help milk to form a tender curd, thus reducing the PH value of the intestine, promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis and secretion of digestive juice, inhibiting the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, and making the astronauts full of energy all afternoon. "Mengniu has changed two kinds of probiotics in its yogurt products into four kinds, which not only significantly improves the nutritional value compared with similar products, but also further strengthens its role in helping digestion and inhibiting harmful bacteria, which is very popular among astronauts." The nutritionist at the base commented like this.
After a day of intense training, the astronauts will also have a glass of milk at dinner. Nutrition experts pointed out that, on the one hand, the calming effect of milk for dinner promoted the astronauts' deep sleep; on the other hand, when the human body was asleep, it was easier to absorb protein from milk.
"Three cups of milk a day, 5-8 ml a day. This scientific recipe not only ensures nutrient supply, but also does not cause fat accumulation, which is not only suitable for astronauts, but also for ordinary people! Nutrition experts believe that the scientific collocation of milk in astronauts' diet is worth popularizing in the whole society.
Being the "special milk for China astronauts" is not only a lofty honor, but also an expectation and responsibility for Mengniu. While China's space industry "inspires China's heart" with one brilliant achievement after another, everyone in Mengniu is also committed to the great mission of "strengthening China people". In 23, when Shenzhou V rose from the ground and achieved zero breakthrough in China's manned spaceflight, Mengniu Milk quickly became the leader in China's liquid milk market, and in 24, it became the special milk for athletes' training in the Training Bureau of the State Sports General Administration, and contributed its own strength to the world arena of China athletes. Subsequently, Mengniu took the lead in building the largest "Australia-Asia International Ranch" in China, and was the first in China to introduce robotic milking facilities, plant high-quality pastures from 12 countries in the world, and cultivate high-quality dairy cows around the world, thus opening the way for china dairy to upgrade its milk source. In 25, when Shenzhou VI was spinning around our beautiful planet in a perfect posture, Mengniu had sold 7, tons of liquid milk a day, surpassing many multinational dairy giants with a century-old history and becoming a global leader in the field of liquid milk. As the first "partner of China's space industry", Mengniu will not only "cheer for China", but also use white and mellow milk to cheer for the health of every astronaut and every China person and "strengthen the dream of China".