1 List the original inhabitants of the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin in my country?

2 Which is the earliest human site discovered in my country? Which province and level is it located in? Which other ancient humans were on this ladder? What humans are on the third ladder?

3 What kind of fire do Beijingers use?

4 What kind of life do the Banpo people and the Hemudu people live? What are the conditions?

5 What kind of crops was China the first country to plant?

6 Which river basin do the Banpo people live in, and what are the houses in that province (abbreviation of the province)? What are food crops? What is pottery?

7 Which river basin do the Hemudu people live in, and what houses do they live in in that province (abbreviation of the province)? What are food crops? What is pottery?

8 Who do Shennong and Xuanyuan refer to? What achievements do each have?

9 Who is the first humanistic ancestor of the Chinese people? Which river basin are they the tribal leaders of?

10. Which characters obtained the position of leader of the tribal alliance through the concession system?

11. What is the concession system?

Xia, Shang and Western Zhou

1 What was the first slavery dynasty? When was it established? Builder? What is its place in Chinese history? What was the first unified feudal dynasty? When was it established? Builder? When did China enter feudal society? Since which person did the hereditary system of the throne replace the abdication system?

2 What is the oldest mature writing discovered so far in my country? What is the writing material? Which dynasty can this writing date back to? Where did modern Chinese characters develop? What was the unified script used by the Qin Dynasty?

15. What civilization is the Shang Dynasty famous for?

16. When did the written history of our country begin?

3. In which dynasty was the feudal system an important political system? What are the specific measures? How does it work?

4. How to evaluate the enfeoffment system?

5. Which system is the basis of enfeoffment? What kind of system is it? This is reflected in who will inherit the throne of Emperor Zhou? What system of the Western Zhou Dynasty refers to the expansion of the area controlled by the Zhou Dynasty?

6. What is the fundamental purpose of the feudal system and the patriarchal system?

Eastern Zhou Dynasty (Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period)

1 When did the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period begin and end? Which dynasty ended the split in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods?

2 What period is also called the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period? What are the characteristics of this period? In what aspects?

3What are the political changes during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty? What promoted the development of productivity in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty?

4Who is the founder of Confucianism? What period is he from? What are his ideological propositions? What is the core of it? What is his educational proposition?

5 When was Confucianism founded by whom? Where did you get the first blow? In which dynasty did it gradually become the orthodox thought of feudal society?

6 In addition to Confucianism, which other schools are there? Please write down the representative characters and thoughts respectively?

7 The time, content, significance and inspiration of Shang Yang’s reform.

Among the reform measures, which one has the greatest impact on social change?

8 Reasons for the emergence of a hundred schools of thought

9 How to treat Chinese traditional culture?

Qin Dynasty

1. What were the unified feudal dynasties in ancient China?

2 What are the time, characters, capitals and significance of the establishment of the Qin Dynasty?

3 The reasons or conditions for Qin to unify China

4 Which ethnic minority were the main ones that Qin and the Western Han Dynasty fought against? How to deal with relations with ethnic minorities?

5 What are the four territories of Qin? (Picture P81)

6 What were the main political measures of the Qin Dynasty? How do you evaluate the burning of books and the entrapment of Confucians?

7 Measures to consolidate rule: ① Political: Function:

② Transportation: Function:

③ Cultural: Function:

④Economically: Role:

⑤Ideologically: Evaluation:

⑥Military (border governance or ethnic relations): Role:

8 Qin Starting west towards the Great Wall? Coming east? The starting point of the Silk Road? Where is the furthest you reach? What are the starting points and centers of the Grand Canal in the north and south?

9 Who laid the foundation for ending the split in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty? What are the reforms for backward areas to learn from the culture of advanced areas?

Han Dynasty

1 What was the first large-scale peasant war in the history of our country?

2 The time when the Western Han Dynasty was established, the founder, and the capital

3 During the reign of which emperor, the Western Han Dynasty reached its peak?

4 What measures did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty take to achieve unification? (Political, economic, ideological, diplomatic, military)

5 What is the Western Region? What kind of organization was set up in the Western Regions during the Han Dynasty? From then on, Xinjiang was officially classified as China's territory?

6 The time and purpose of Zhang Qian’s passage to the Western Regions (twice)

7 Which emperor sent which figure to open the Silk Road? What is the means of transportation?

8 Where did the Silk Road start? What places did you pass through on the way? What's the furthest point? (Write out the route)

9 What method (transportation means) did China mainly use on the Silk Road, and what items were transported to the West? What items are brought back from the West?

10 What is the significance of Zhang Qian’s passage to the Western Regions? What is the role of the Silk Road?

11 Which city is the "throat" of the transportation corridor between the Central Plains and the Western Regions?

12 What performances can be seen on the streets of cities in the Han Dynasty

13 What were very popular in the Tang Dynasty? Where did it enter China via the Silk Road?

14. What were the main goods transported along the ancient Silk Road? What are the main goods transported on the Ceramic Road?

15. When was the ancient Silk Road particularly prosperous? When was the ceramic road particularly prosperous?

16. What were the three great splitting periods in ancient Chinese history?

17. What are the characteristics of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty? What are the characteristics of the Three Kingdoms, Two Jins, Southern and Northern Dynasties periods?

18. Who are the two sides fighting in the Battle of Chibi? What year did it happen? Where is the location? result? Influence?

19. Which three countries do the Three Kingdoms refer to? Which regime is located in the north?

20. Which dynasty ended the division of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty? Which dynasty ended the 400-year-old confrontation between the North and the South?

21. What was the first unified feudal dynasty? Which dynasty started the monarchy? What was the first unified multi-ethnic state? What was the first unified national dynasty established by an ethnic minority?

22 What promoted the development of productivity in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty? What were the new agricultural tools that promoted the development of productivity in the Tang Dynasty?

23. Which dynasties in ancient China encouraged foreign exchanges?

24. What are some examples of foreign exchanges in ancient China? Which of them happened in the Tang Dynasty?

The divisions and confrontations between the Three Kingdoms, Two Jins and the Southern and Northern Dynasties

1. What are the main characteristics of this period of the Three Kingdoms, Two Jins and the Southern and Northern Dynasties? 2. Which three countries does the Three Kingdoms refer to? Which country was Zhuge Liang a famous statesman during the Three Kingdoms period? Which two Jins do the two Jins refer to?

2. In 208, Cao Cao and the coalition forces of Sun and Liu fought in Chibi. As a result, the coalition forces of Sun and Liu used fire attacks to defeat Cao's army. What is this event historically called? What is its historical significance?

3. During the Three Kingdoms period, which regime governed Sichuan Province? What were the dynasties before and after the Three Kingdoms?

4. During the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which ethnic minority reformed its old customs? What are the specific contents of the reform? What is its historical significance?

5. In which dynasty did Xinjiang begin to be incorporated into central jurisdiction? What is the governing body? What is the climate type of this area? What are the characteristics of the terrain, and which ethnic group mainly lives there now? What religion do you believe in? Which geographical unit does it belong to?

6. In which dynasty did Tibet begin to be brought under central jurisdiction? What is the governing body? In which dynasty was a minister stationed in Tibet established to strengthen the management of Tibet? What is the climate type of this region? What are the characteristics of the terrain, and which ethnic group mainly lives there now? What religion do you believe in? Which geographical unit does it belong to?

Sui and Tang Dynasties

1 When did the Sui Dynasty start and end? Builder? capital? In which year was the country unified? What's the point?

2 When did the Tang Dynasty start and end? Builder? capital? With which empire of the world does it coexist?

3 The prosperous times: Who were the rulers during the "Reign of Zhenguan", "Legacy of Zhenguan" and "The Prosperous Age of Kaiyuan"? What social situation was described in Du Fu's "Remembering the Past"? When was the heyday of the Tang Dynasty?

4 Understand Tang Taizong's governance (the reasons for the formation of Tang Taizong's "Government of Zhenguan") from the perspective of politics, economy, and ethnic relations

5 Tang Taizong's governance measures What inspiration does it give us for modernization?

6 Which dynasty established the system of three provinces and six ministries, and which dynasty perfected it? What are the three provinces? What are the functions? What does six parts mean? Which department has jurisdiction? What are the characteristics and functions of the three provinces and six ministries system?

7 Which dynasty established the imperial examination system and which dynasty perfected it? What is used to select officials, and what criteria are emphasized as the criteria for selecting officials? How to evaluate?

8 From the perspective of scholars, what is the role of the imperial examination system? From the perspective of rulers, what role does the imperial examination system play?

9 What do “Tang Suit” and “Chinatown” illustrate?

10 Reasons for the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty was prosperous. In 618, Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty.

The Tang Dynasty and the Dynasty were the two most powerful dynasties in ancient China. The prosperity of the Tang Dynasty was manifested in:

⑴ Political clarity and social stability: ① The rulers of the Tang Dynasty learned from the lessons of death, valued people's livelihood, and despised corvee Endowment;

② Reuse and humbly accept advice; ③ Improve rules and regulations (such as system and system); ④ Treat ethnic minorities. Therefore, social stability and national strength increased, and the situations of "_" (Taizong of the Tang Dynasty) and "_" (the early period of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) emerged.

⑵ Developed economy and strong national power: ① Agriculture: Advanced production tools and tools appeared, and food production increased greatly;

② Handicraft industry: The skills are very high; the three-color pottery figurines of the Tang Dynasty are , is a beautiful art treasure. The Emperor's Ministry of Civil Affairs, Zhongshu Province, the Ministry of Provincial Affairs, the Ministry of Household Affairs, the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Criminal Affairs, and the Ministry of Industry

③Business: It became an international metropolis, with many ethnic minorities and businessmen from all over the world coming here to do business.

The jewelry industry became the third largest industry in Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Luoyang, Yangzhou, and Chengdu were also metropolises in the Tang Dynasty.

⑶Society is open and culture is prosperous:

①Social life in the Tang Dynasty presents the characteristics of , and there are frequent cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries: for example, the westward journey to Tianzhu (today's India

India) to learn Buddhist scriptures; traveled eastward to Japan six times; and sent 13 groups of envoys to the Tang Dynasty to study in China. ②The Tang Dynasty was the golden era of ancient my country's development

The "poetry immortals" and "poetry sages" had the greatest influence; the rulers of the Tang Dynasty particularly respected religion, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty personally taught Taoism

An annotation for the teaching classic " The representative work of the painter Yan Liben is "Pictures of Emperors of the Past Dynasties". ③ Chinatown got its name from the great reputation of the imperial dynasty in the world; ④ Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism coexisted in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, forming the basic pattern of traditional Chinese culture. Xuanzong appeared in the late Tang Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline. In the late Dynasty, my country's economic center of gravity began to gradually shift southward.

11 When was Buddhism introduced to mainland China and when was it expanding day by day? During this period, there were frequent external exchanges.

12 What are the common achievements of Xuanzang and Jianzhen? What are the different contributions of Xuanzang and Jianzhen?

13. When was the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal excavated? Who were the people and why? Write an overview (one center, two endpoints, four sections, five major water systems), what is the meaning?

14. What is the southernmost section of the Grand Canal? How many sections does it take to go from Yuhang to Luoyang? Which section connects the Yellow River and Haihe River? Which section connects the Yangtze River and the Huai River?

Song and Yuan Dynasties

1. Who was the person who improved papermaking? time? When did woodblock printing appear? When did movable type printing appear?

2. What regime did the Northern Song Dynasty confront? What is the relationship with these regimes? What regime did the Southern Song Dynasty confront? What is the relationship with these regimes?

3. During the Song Dynasty, which regime dominated the minority ethnic groups that mainly live in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region today? During the Song Dynasty, which regime emerged in the Northeast? Who were the main generals in the Southern Song Dynasty who fought against the Jin Dynasty?

4. The Yuan Dynasty was a period of great unification since the unification of which dynasty. Which nation was it founded by, and who was its founder? Where is the capital (where is it today)?

5. Which ethnic minorities founded the Northern Wei, Liao, Xixia, Jin, Yuan and Qing dynasties respectively?

6. What was the peak period of ancient Chinese science and technology? What were the main scientific and technological achievements of the Song Dynasty? What were the main scientific and technological achievements of the Yuan Dynasty?

7 In what period did maritime trade develop in ancient China, and what were the reasons?

8 List the manifestations of my country’s developed foreign transportation during the Western Han Dynasty and the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

9 The process and reasons for the southward shift of my country’s economic center?

10What management system did the Yuan Dynasty implement? What impact does this system have today?

11 Summarize the reasons for the frequent exchanges between China and foreign countries in the Song Dynasty

12 What is the significance of ancient Chinese scientific and technological inventions?

13 Which institution was established by the Yuan Dynasty to strengthen its jurisdiction over Tibet and make Tibet officially an administrative region of the Yuan Dynasty. What is the main religion believed in in Tibet?

14. What was the largest port in China during the Yuan Dynasty?

15 What is the significance of ancient Chinese scientific and technological inventions? (Write separately) What two types of things are effective in cultural education?

16. What is the earliest paper currency in the world? In which region and dynasty did it appear?

17 Which dynasty was the first in the world to promote the circulation of banknotes?

18 What is the earliest trademark found in my country?

19 Which dynasty and whose work is "Along the River During Qingming Festival"?

What two parts does the 20 yuan song include? Write about its representative characters and masterpieces?

21 Write about a traveler and his writings in the Yuan Dynasty who witnessed the exchange of Eastern and Western civilizations?

22 During the Yuan Dynasty, how did the central government manage Taiwan.