The flesh is thick and delicate, crisp and sweet, and the proportion of fructose and sucrose is moderate, which makes Hami melon located in Xi 'an Village, Helan County famous. For a time, Xi 'en cantaloupe, like Lingwu jujube and Zhongning wolfberry, became one of the geographical symbols of Ningxia, which also made this small village in the southeast of Helan County synonymous with cantaloupe.
territorial scope
Helan County is located in the northwest inland of China Loess Plateau, in the north of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and in the middle of Qingtongxia Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area in Yinchuan Plain. Its geographical coordinates are between east longitude105 53'-106 36' and north latitude 38 26'-38 48', bordering the Yellow River in the east and Helan Mountain in Alashan Zuo Qi, Inner Mongolia in the west. It is adjacent to the suburb of Yinchuan, the capital of Ningxia in the south and Pingluo County in the north. The county seat is 0/0 km away from Yinchuan/KLOC. The total land area is about 1208 square kilometers. The production area is mainly concentrated in Sean Village, Changxin Township, Helan County, with a total production area of 200 hectares and an annual output of 3,800 tons.
Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors
(1) Soil landform: There are many kinds of soils in Helan County, including light calcareous soil, shallow meadow soil, irrigated silt soil, saline soil, lacustrine soil, white stiff soil, aeolian sandy soil and heaped soil, with 15 subcategories. The pH value of the soil is between 8.0 and 8.5. The soil fertility is moderate, and the organic matter content is between 13.6- 17.6g/kg. The basic feature of the terrain trend of Helan County is that it is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, and it twists and tilts from southwest to northeast. The whole area is mainly composed of western mountainous areas and eastern plains.
(2) Hydrological situation: Helan County is located in the middle of Yinchuan Plain, at the entrance of the Yellow River, with criss-crossing ditches and dotted lakes. For this oasis on the arid northwest plateau, there are abundant water resources.
Is one of its main features. The Yellow River flows from Jingui Town in the southeast of Helan County and from south to north into Yitong Town in the northeast. The total length of the territory is 21.25km, the river width is about1.200-1.600m, and the water depth is generally 2-6m.
The average annual runoff is 28.65 billion cubic meters, and the average peak flow is 3505 cubic meters per second. Abundant water and good water quality, with an average sediment concentration of 6.54 kg/m3 and a maximum salinity of 762.5mg/L..
(3) Climate: Helan County is located inland, far away from the ocean, and belongs to the mid-temperate arid climate zone. The dominant wind direction is northwest wind in winter and southeast wind in summer. The annual sunshine hours are 3039.6 hours, the annual average temperature 10.5 degrees, the average frost-free period 172 days, the annual average accumulated temperature of _ 10℃ is 3298. 1℃, the annual average rainfall is 203mm, and the annual average evaporation is1. The total forest coverage area of the county is 198700 mu, and the coverage rate is 10.5%. Due to the influence of specific topographic conditions, the climate belongs to the temperate climate zone of the Tang Plain. Its main characteristics are: late spring and early autumn, four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine, abundant heat, strong evaporation, dry climate, more sunny days and less rain and snow. The annual temperature difference is large, with an average annual temperature of 32.4℃. The temperature difference between day and night is large, with the daily average temperature difference of 13.4℃ and the highest temperature of 29.9℃.
(4) Human history: The cultivation of Sean cantaloupe began in 1960s, and it has a history of 50 years. The first variety planted was a swarm of bees introduced from Henan, which has continued to this day. Later, Longtian 1No. and Meiya 139, which were introduced from the surrounding city of Harbin in Northeast China, were planted in a large area in our county. The main cultivated varieties are Roy No.3, Yu Meiren introduced from Japan and Gaotangzao 58. Because the cultivation of cantaloupe requires high soil, it is rotated once every three years, the climate is suitable, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is the main industry for the adjustment of local agricultural industrial structure and the increase of farmers' income.
Production technical requirements
(1) Selection of production areas: The production areas are mainly concentrated in Shawan Village, Changxin Township, Helan County, with a total production area of 200 hectares. The environmental quality of the production area must meet the requirements of NY50 10.
(2) Variety selection: mainly select local varieties of Helan County with disease resistance, high quality and high yield, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and good commercialization. Seed quality conforms to NB640 10203 1-2005.
(3) Production process management: The production process of Helan Xi 'an cantaloupe must implement the standard of Technical Regulations for the Production and Management of Pollution-free Food Watermelon (NY5 109-2005).
(4) product harvesting and postpartum treatment: after 25-30 days of fruit development, the hair at the base of the fruit stalk falls off and the navel becomes soft. When the navel has the strong aroma of this variety, the fruit is ripe and can be picked and marketed, usually in early June.
(5) Requirements for production records: During the whole production process of Helan Xi 'en cantaloupe, field production files should be established, comprehensively recorded and properly kept for future reference.
Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations
(1) External sensory characteristics: Fruit shapes are round, oblate, spindle-shaped, oval and long rod-shaped. The colors of the peel are green, white and yellow, as well as various light-colored patterns and stripes. The pulp is white, green, orange red, etc. , often with fragrance.
(2) Intrinsic quality index: per 100g melon pulp contains 0.4g of protein, 0. 1g of fat, 6.2g of carbohydrate, 29mg of calcium, 0.2mg of phosphorus 10mg of iron, 0.03mg of carotene, 0.02mg of thiamine and 0.02mg of riboflavin. Melon seeds contain 27% fatty oil, including linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid. Glycerylic acid, lecithin, cholesterol, etc. Stearic acid and soybean macro acid contain about 5.78% globulin and glutenin, and also contain lactose, glucose, gum, resin and so on. Cucurbitacin, cucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin E and other crystal bitter substances are contained in the stem of melon, which has a good health care function.
(3) Safety requirements: The production of Helan Xi 'an cantaloupe should meet the standard of "Watermelon as a Pollution-free Food" (NY5 109-2005).
Packaging identification and other relevant regulations.
The raw materials are packaged in two grades according to quality and appearance, and each box shall not exceed 20kg. Products should be labeled with pollution-free labels one by one. The geographical indication of agricultural products "Helan Xi 'engua" should be pasted on the packaging box, and the Guidelines for Storage and Transportation of Pollution-free Food should be implemented (118ny5316-2006).