If you want to talk about big agriculture, it's the deputy of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. You can look at the following:
1. Flower seedlings
Henan is located in the Central Plains, with a moderate geographical position and suitable climatic conditions, and is an ideal training place for "moving flowers from the north to the south and flowers from the south to the north". In 21, the planting area of flowers in the whole province was 43, mu, of which the planting area of Luoyang peony has grown to 11, mu, and more than 6 horticultural varieties of peony at home and abroad have been collected and introduced, and more than 7 new varieties have been bred. The total cultivation amount is 3 million plants, and the annual sales volume is more than 2 million plants. The sales scope has reached more than 2 provinces (cities) and more than a dozen countries (regions), and the "China Peony Garden" has been established in Philadelphia and Japan, which has opened up a way for the export of peony. Kaifeng Chrysanthemum has an existing production area of 3,5 mu, with an annual output of 4 million pots (plants) and an annual output value of 4 million yuan. At present, more than 1,5 varieties have been introduced, selected and cultivated, accounting for about half of the national variety resources, and most of them are rare varieties with high quality and high ornamental and economic value, ranking among the best in previous national chrysanthemum competitions. Nanyang Rose Nursery covers an area of 4, mu with more than 6 varieties, which is the most concentrated rose seedling breeding base in China. The planting area of flowers in Huangchuan County is more than 2, mu, with more than 1, varieties. For a long time, Huangchuan is a place where flowers are fragrant in four seasons: Spring Gardenia (flowers), Xia Yue (seasons), Autumn laurel (flowers) and Winter Plum (flowers). Yanling county has a long history of flower cultivation. In recent years, flowers have developed rapidly, and it is known as "the number of flowers in the north of the Yangtze River is Yanling". Famous flowers such as Yanling Chimonanthus have entered the Great Hall of the People in Beijing and the Lincoln Memorial in the United States, and the modeling of Yanling cypress is well-known in Kunming World Expo. Flower industry is one of the most dynamic industries. According to the prediction of international authoritative organizations and experts, the world flower consumption was $1 billion in 199 and reached $2 billion in 2, with an average annual increase of 1%. At present, the production and consumption of flowers in the world are gradually separated, and the production is shifting from high-cost countries to developing countries with superior natural conditions and low production costs. The average cost per unit of flower production in China is 1/5 of that in Japan and 1/3 of that in Taiwan Province, and it is also significantly lower than that in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa. It has a variety of natural climate types and great market consumption potential, making it an ideal place to develop the flower industry. Our province has superior natural conditions and location advantages for producing flowers, rich labor resources and a certain industrial base, with obvious development advantages and great potential.
main direction: strengthen the protection of flower germplasm resources, vigorously push forward the key technology research, accelerate the introduction and breeding of new varieties, establish a demonstration base for famous flower seedlings, and vigorously cultivate competitive famous and special new varieties. Relying on scientific and technological progress, efforts should be made to improve flower preservation and processing technology, so as to promote the scale, grade and level of flower seedling industry. Strengthen market development, do a good job in the connection between production and marketing, and improve the industrial management level of flowers and seedlings.
advantageous areas: focus on the construction of Luoyang peony area, Kaifeng chrysanthemum area, Nanyang rose area, Zhengzhou flower nursery area, Yanling flower nursery area and Huangchuan flower nursery area. Luoyang Peony District is mainly located in Luoyang and its suburbs and yanshi city. Kaifeng Chrysanthemum District is mainly located in Kaifeng City and its suburbs. Nanyang Rose is mainly distributed in Wolong District and Wancheng District. Zhengzhou flower nursery area is mainly distributed in Xingyang City, Mangshan District and Jinshui District of Zhengzhou City. Yanling flower and seedling area is mainly distributed in Yanling county, radiating to Xuchang county and changge city; Huangchuan flower nursery area is located in Huangchuan County.
development goal: by the end of the planning period, the area of flowers planted regionally in the whole province will reach 8, mu, including 5, mu of peony in Luoyang, 15, mu of chrysanthemum in Kaifeng and 12, mu of rose in Nanyang. Cultivate a number of competitive famous brand flowers, achieve basic self-sufficiency of conventional flowers, cut flowers with relatively complete varieties, high quality and annual supply; The production of foliage and flowering plants has continued to develop; The quality of bonsai is obviously improved; Ornamental vertical greening seedlings, lawns and perennial flowers have made great progress. Realize large-scale production, intensive management and network sales, strive to expand the domestic market share and quickly occupy the international market.
2. Edible fungi
In recent years, with the adjustment of agricultural structure, the edible production in the whole province has developed rapidly. By 21, the production of edible fungi in the whole province reached 1.4 million tons, accounting for 18% of the total national output, ranking second, with an output value of 6.33 billion yuan, ranking sixth only to grain, cotton, oil, fruits and vegetables. At present, among the 158 counties (cities, districts) in the province, 147 have edible fungi production, including 47 counties (cities, districts) with a production capacity of more than 5, tons and 12 counties with an output value exceeding 1 million yuan. The production and development of edible fungi has become the dominant industry or pillar industry of some local economic development in Henan Province. Among them, Biyang, Xixia, Lushan and other counties are well-known at home and abroad for their large production of mushrooms, auricularia auricula and auricularia auricula, respectively, and their excellent products, and the income from edible fungi industry accounts for more than one third of the per capita net income of farmers. However, due to the weak macro-adjustment of edible fungi production, scattered production, lagging information and structural imbalance, the main varieties of Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia auricula and mushrooms account for 61.2% of the total output, while the output of some rare mushrooms such as Pleurotus nebrodensis, Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus only accounts for 2‰, resulting in a large but not strong edible fungi industry in our province. In 21, the total export volume of edible fungi in the province was 2228 tons, and the export value was 1,177,479 US dollars, accounting for .18% of the national export value. This is extremely disproportionate to the status of a big province with an output of 18% and the second largest in the country. Edible fungi are one of the traditional non-staple foods that Chinese people love, and the demand for edible fungi abroad is also extremely strong. There is a great demand at home and abroad. Because edible fungi are rich in nutrition and have certain health care functions, with the continuous improvement of people's understanding of the edible and therapeutic value of edible fungi, the demand will be greatly improved, and the market potential of edible fungi is great and the prospects are broad. Our province has more advantages than other provinces in developing edible fungi industry. As long as we seize the opportunity and attach importance to development, edible fungi industry will surely become a new bright spot in our province's economic development.
main direction: accelerate the introduction and breeding of new varieties and domestication of wild rare edible fungi, vigorously develop famous, special, excellent and rare varieties, and optimize the variety structure of edible fungi; Strengthen the research on new straw cultivation technology, new resource development, replacing wood with grass, and deep processing technology of edible fungi. Relying on science and technology, reduce production costs and improve the yield and product quality of edible fungi. Establish leading enterprises in edible fungi industry, implement industrial development and strengthen edible fungi industry.
regional layout: focus on the construction of the vast plains in the central, eastern and northern parts, and the hilly areas in the west and southwest. The priority development areas in the central, eastern and northern regions are mainly distributed in 33 counties in 8 cities, including Shangqiu, Kaifeng, Zhoukou, Anyang, Puyang, Jiaozuo, Zhengzhou and Xuchang, and the rich crop straw resources are mainly used to vigorously develop rare edible fungi species; The priority development areas in the western and southwestern hilly areas are mainly distributed in 13 counties of six cities, including Sanmenxia, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Nanyang, Zhumadian and Xinyang.
development goal: by the end of the planning period, the output of edible fungi in the whole province will reach 1.6 million tons, an increase of 14.2% over 21. The variety structure was optimized, and the variety of Dalu was reduced from the current 6% to 4%. The quality of products has been significantly improved, and the export volume and export volume have been greatly increased. Set up 1-2 leading enterprises in edible fungi industry, carry out industrialization development, and realize the transformation from a big edible fungi production province to a strong edible fungi production province.
3. Tea
Xinyang in our province and Tongbai County in Nanyang are located in the hinterland of Dabie Mountain, with rolling mountains, criss-crossing rivers and humid monsoon climate. The conditions such as light, heat, precipitation and soil constitute a favorable ecological environment for developing tea production. At present, Xinyang City alone has opened more than 5, mu of tea gardens, with an annual total output of more than 1 million kilograms. The tea planting area covers more than 1,2 villages in 128 townships in 8 counties and districts of the city, and there are about 18, farmers who grow tea. There are 1 tea villages with 1, mu and more than 8 tea villages with 1, mu, and there are tens of thousands of large tea producers and operators. Xinyang Maojian Tea has a history of nearly a hundred years, and its tea is one of the top ten famous teas in China. It has won many awards at home and abroad, won the national quality gold medal in 199 and the tea gold medal in Kunming World Expo in 1999. It is sold domestically in 3 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions and exported to more than 2 countries and regions, occupying a large market area. However, due to the scattered planting of most tea farmers, the production scale is small, the management is extensive and the varieties are mixed, resulting in low yield and high cost of tea gardens. The average yield per mu is only about 3 kilograms, which is about 7% lower than the national average. In addition, the low level of industrialization, small brand scale and backward testing methods lead to weak advantages. Tea is one of the three natural drinks in the world. About 6 countries around the world grow tea, and more than 16 countries and regions have the habit of consuming tea. In China, tea is a famous drink in past dynasties. Because it contains a large number of essential nutrients and a variety of pharmacological substances, it is beneficial to health. With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, as well as the multi-purpose development of tea, the demand for tea will increase and there is great potential for further development.
main direction: establish a breeding base for improved varieties, speed up the breeding and popularization of clonal improved varieties, comprehensively promote improved varieties of tea, ecological tea gardens, mechanization and standardization of production, improve tea quality and yield per unit area, implement industrialized management and scale management, improve tea processing capacity and technical level, and strive to expand brand scale and make Xinyang Maojian bigger and stronger.
Advantage areas: High-quality tea areas in southern Henan, including 6 counties and 2 districts in Xinyang (Pingqiao District, Shihe District, Gushi County, Guangshan County, Xinxian County, Shangcheng County, luoshan county County and Huangchuan County), Tongbai County in Nanyang City and Biyang County in Zhumadian City, so as to build this area into a high-quality pollution-free tea area in our province.
development goal: by the end of the planning period, the total area of tea garden will reach 6, mu, and the total output of tea will reach 17 million kilograms. The area of improved varieties of tea clones has reached 1, mu, and the proportion of famous and excellent teas has reached more than 7%, achieving high quality, high yield and high efficiency in tea production.
4. One-sex tussah
One-sex tussah, that is, it only emerges once a year, and only one spring silkworm can be raised in a year. Because Henan is located in the transition area from mid-latitude warm temperate zone to subtropical zone, it has abundant sunshine, abundant heat, moderate rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night. Especially in spring, the temperature rises rapidly, and oak leaves open early and have good quality. Special climatic conditions make Henan a typical chemical tussah production area in China. Our province has an area suitable for silkworm rearing (historical sericulture area) of more than 1 million mu, and the utilization area is about 3 million mu. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the highest annual output of chemical tussah cocoons in Henan Province was 13, tons. In the past 1 years, the annual stocking of tussah species was between 13, and 15, kilograms, and the annual cocoon output remained stable at about 5, tons (production quantity). It is mainly distributed in 16 counties (cities) such as Nanzhao, Fangcheng, Neixiang, Zhenping, Lushan, Wugang, Songxian, Ruyang, Biyang and Queshan in Nanyang, Pingdingshan, Luoyang and Zhumadian, among which Nanzhao, Lushan and Fangcheng account for about 9% of the province's tussah cocoon output, and have formed a centralized and contiguous production area, especially in nanzhao county. Raising tussah does not occupy cultivated land, with low investment and high output rate. Generally, it only takes more than 5 days from silkworm rearing to cocoon sales, and the ratio of input to output reaches more than 1:8.5, with remarkable economic benefits. Moreover, the breeding of tussah can be closely combined with the production of edible fungi and gastrodia elata, forming a virtuous circle and protecting the ecological environment. Our province's chemical tussah cocoon is not only listed earlier than that in the northeast, Shandong and other chemical regions, but also can be naturally preserved for more than 9 months. Moreover, the quality of cocoon silk is good. The historical traditional product, Henan handmade tussah silk, has the characteristics of toughness, firmness, softness, pearly luster, elegance and subtlety, moisture absorption, breathability, warm in winter and cool in summer, ultraviolet resistance and comfortable skin care, and has won the national championship and sold well in more than 5 countries. At the same time, with the development of the pupa-eating market, the new uses of tussah have been expanded, especially in Henan Province, where the pupa has low moisture content, high protein content and fragrant smell, so the market has been in short supply since the 199s. However, due to the single variety of tussah, the slow cultivation and upgrading of new varieties, the lack of master varieties, the low degree of comprehensive utilization of tussah deep processing and by-products, the lack of scientific and technological talents, the difficulty in popularizing science and technology, and the lack of publicity, the development of tussah production in our province is slow. With the improvement of living standards and China's entry into WTO, people pay more attention to nutrition and safety and comfort and skin care, which provides a broad market space for the development of tussah industry. Henan has unique natural conditions suitable for the growth of tussah, rich labor resources, good production foundation of tussah, and great advantages and potential for developing tussah industry.
main direction: vigorously popularize the new technology of oak pruning, adopt measures such as filling piers with rubber and reasonable encryption to build ecological silkworm slopes with high quality and high yield; Accelerate the breeding and popularization of excellent silkworm varieties and high-quality silkworm eggs, comprehensively popularize and apply the new technology of artificial indoor protection and rearing of young silkworms, and significantly reduce the loss rate of young silkworms; Strengthen the transformation of seed production facilities in silkworm egg farms; Do a good job in silkworm disease prevention; Vigorously carry out deep processing of cocoon silk and comprehensive utilization of silkworm chrysalis and moth, and strive to improve the comprehensive economic benefits of sericulture.
advantageous areas: focus on the construction of high-quality tussah areas in Nanzhao, Lushan and Fangcheng counties to strengthen the tussah industry in this area.
development goal: by the end of the planning period, 1 million mu of high-quality and high-yield ecological silkworm slope will be built, 2, kilograms of silkworm eggs will be raised, and 7,5 tons of tussah cocoons will be produced. The breeding rate of excellent silkworm varieties and high-quality silkworm eggs will reach 8% and 9% respectively. The stocking amount of silkworm eggs and cocoon production increased by 5% and 6% respectively compared with 22. Reeling 2 tons of handmade tussah silk and processing 2 million meters of handmade tussah silk. The overall benefit of tussah production reached 168 million yuan, an increase of 52% over 22.
5. Chinese herbal medicines
Our province is rich in Chinese herbal medicine resources, and the variety, quantity and reserves of Chinese herbal medicines are in the forefront of the country. Tongbai Mountain in the south, Dabie Mountain in the west and Funiu Mountain in the west are rich in Chinese herbal medicine resources. There are nearly 2, kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, more than 3 kinds of rare Chinese herbal medicines, four major Huai medicines in Jiaozuo (rehmannia glutinosa, chrysanthemum, yam and Achyranthes bidentata), honeysuckle in Xinxiang, Trichosanthes root in Anyang, Bupleurum root in Songxian County, Gastrodia elata, Lilium Luanchuan, Nanzhao, Flos Magnoliae in Lushan and Xixia. The "Four Huai Medicines" enjoy the honor of precious gifts in Southeast Asia and other countries, and are called "Chinese Medicines" in the United States and Japan. There is a standardized and standardized national professional market for Chinese herbal medicines-Yuzhou "China Pharmaceutical City". In terms of processing, the province adds traditional Chinese medicine.