Section 1: Maintain image. In communication activities, the words and deeds of each relevant person often represent the image of a country, a nation, a region, and a city. If one does not modify one's self-image, it will not only be difficult to show respect for the person one is communicating with, but also It is also considered disrespectful behavior. Therefore, whether we are leading cadres or receptionists, we should always pay attention to personal speech, behavior, clothing and appearance during official activities, and should not be unkempt or unkempt.

Section 2: Neither humble nor arrogant. This is a major issue of right and wrong related to national character and personality. Neither being humble nor being arrogant is equally important and cannot be taken lightly. We should neither be afraid of feeling inferior or condescending, nor be arrogant or arrogant, but should be upright, frank and optimistic, open-minded, calm and unhurried, generous, and treat everyone equally.

Section 3: Seek common ground while reserving differences. Seeking common ground means abiding by international conventions, gaining common knowledge, facilitating communication, and avoiding setbacks; reserving differences means paying attention to "personality"; understanding the etiquette, customs, and taboos of specific contacts and respecting them.

Section 4: When in town, do as the Romans do. When you are the host, you usually follow the principle of "the host follows the guest"; when you are the guest, you usually follow the principle of "the guest follows the host". Reception personnel must fully understand the customs and habits of the people they interact with, respect them unconditionally, and must not be too strange or make unreasonable criticisms.

Section 5: Keep the promise. In all official reception activities, you must strictly and conscientiously abide by all your commitments. You must mean what you say, keep your promises, and be on time for appointments. In the event that an appointment is missed due to irresistible factors, the relevant parties must be notified as soon as possible, truthfully explained, solemnly apologized, and proactively shouldered the losses.

Section 6: There is a degree of enthusiasm. Be warm and friendly when dealing with people in a moderate way, and too little is too much. For example, there are four types of distance between people: one is personal distance, also called "intimate distance", which is less than 0.5 meters and is only applicable to family members, lovers and close friends; the other is social distance, also called "regular distance", which is between Between 0.5 meters and 1.5 meters, it is suitable for general communication and entertainment; third, the etiquette distance, also known as "respectful distance", is between 1.5 meters and 3 meters, suitable for meetings, speeches, celebrations, ceremonies and interviews; fourth It is the public distance, also called "distance at a distance". It is more than 3 meters away and is suitable for getting along with strangers in public places.

Section 7 There is no need to be too modest. When it comes to self-evaluation in social activities, although you should not brag, self-proclaim, or blindly promote yourself, you should also not belittle, self-depreciate, belittle yourself, or be overly modest and polite.

Section 8 It is not advisable to do it first. In social activities, when you are faced with a situation where you are unable to cope with the situation, are indecisive, or do not know what to do, the wisest approach, if possible, is to try not to rush into action, especially not to rush to the first step or act presumptuously.

Section 9 Respect privacy. Everything involving the guest's income and expenditure, age, love and marriage, physical health, home address, personal experience, political beliefs, what they are busy with, etc., are all personal privacy. You should avoid involving these "privacy rights" when talking to the other party.

Section 10 Ladies first. In all social situations, every adult man has the obligation to take the initiative and consciously use his own practical actions to respect, care for, understand, care for, and protect women, and he must also find ways to do his best to solve women's problems. This does not mean that women are weak, but that women should be respected as mothers.

11. Care for the environment. Do not damage the natural environment, do not abuse animals, do not damage public property, and do not pile up personal belongings. Do not litter, do not spit, do not smoke anywhere, and do not make any noise.

Twelfth: respect the right. In various types of foreign exchanges, ranging from political consultations, business contacts, and cultural exchanges to personal contacts and social entertainment, whenever it is necessary to determine and rank the priorities, "right-centered" is universally applicable. If you put the right as the top and the left as the bottom, the right as the honor and the left as the inferior, you will definitely not be disrespectful to others.

Section 13 Clothing. Reception staff should dress appropriately and appropriately for business occasions, social occasions and leisure occasions, and should not be the same.

Official occasions must be solemn and conservative, dignified and generous, and strictly adhere to tradition. Do not emphasize individuality, be too fashionable, or appear casual. It is best to wear dark woolen suits, skirts or uniforms. Jackets, jeans, sportswear, and bodybuilding pants are not allowed. , vests, shorts, travel shoes and sandals. Clothes should not be too dirty, wrinkled, torn, revealing, see-through, too large, too small or tight. Social occasions mainly refer to banquets, dances, evening parties, gatherings and other social occasions. Clothing should highlight fashionable personality. You can wear fashionable clothes, formal dresses or national costumes. It is best not to wear uniforms or casual clothes. Dressing for casual occasions should be comfortable and natural, avoid formality. In formal occasions, reception staff should dress correctly and appropriately. All buttons should be fastened tightly. Sleeves or trouser corners should not be changed. It is not advisable to put too many things in pockets or trouser pockets. Trademarks on clothes should be removed first. It is best to wear a suit under the hood. Wear a white shirt, dark socks, black leather shoes, and a tie. Wear no or less woolen sweaters. The whole body should be dressed in three colors.

Section 14 Makeup. Makeup is the act of modifying one's appearance and beautifying one's self-image through the use of beauty products. Requiring employees to put on makeup to work can help reflect the unity and discipline of the unit's orders and prohibitions, and help make the unit's image more distinctive and distinctive. Employees are required to put on makeup to show respect to the people they interact with. Participating in official activities without makeup will be interpreted as contempt or an insult by the partner. In official activities, employees are generally required to abide by the following rules when it comes to beauty and makeup, which is a matter of overall concern: Rule one is that work makeup should be mainly light makeup. The main characteristics of work makeup are simplicity, beauty, elegance, and a distinct three-dimensional effect. It should give people a deep impression, but it does not allow to look too powdery. In general, it should be light and expressive. Rule 2: Avoid excessive use of aromatic cosmetics. It is generally believed that when getting along with others, if your fragrance can be smelled by the other person within one meter, it is not considered excessive. If your fragrance can still be smelled by someone three meters away, you must have used too much perfume. Rule 3: Avoid wearing or touching up makeup in public. Especially if they do this in public at work, it is very rude, and it will also make people feel that they are not dedicated to their work and only regard themselves as a "fashion" or "vase". One thing that needs to be mentioned in particular is that ladies should never put on makeup or touch up their makeup in front of the opposite sex with whom they have a normal relationship. Rule 4: Avoid discussing makeup with others. Rule 5: You should avoid any imperfections in your makeup.

Section 15 Appearance. Eyes are the windows to the soul. When communicating, you must pay attention. The total time of eye contact with the other person should reach 50-70% of the entire conversation. Avoid dull, indifferent eyes, peeping, looking around, and winking. Smiling is essential at reception events. It is not appropriate to laugh with your mouth open so that your teeth can be seen at a glance. Appropriate makeup can make a person radiant and energetic, but try not to show traces of modification. It is not suitable to wear heavy makeup and it is not suitable to wear makeup in public and private occasions. Men especially do not want oily heads and powdered faces. Hairstyles should not be weird or avant-garde. Reception staff must clean their faces regularly every day, maintain oral hygiene, manicure their nails frequently, and refrain from growing beards.

Section 16 Behavior. Behavior is a kind of silent "language" that truly reflects a person's quality, education level and the degree to which he can be trusted by others. Reception staff should stand as if they are loose, upright, stretched and handsome, solemn and generous, energetic, confident, and positive. Do not be too casual, leaning your neck, slumping your waist, shrugging your shoulders, bending your legs, shaking your feet, or putting your hands on your waist and in your trouser pockets. Not worth mentioning. Sit like a bell, don't lean forward or backward, crooked, or raise your legs. Walk like the wind. The gait should be coordinated, steady, relaxed and agile. Avoid splaying in and out. Do not hunch over, sway shoulders, shoulders, hips, or look left or right. Gestures should not be repeated monotonously. Greetings, greetings, farewells, cheers, and applause must be done with attention, speed, and duration. Do not overdo it. In particular, do not scratch your scalp, pick your ears, pick your nostrils, pick your teeth, bite your nails, or pick your nose in public. , rub dirt, yawn, manicure, rub clothes corners. Avoid coughing, spitting, and sneezing loudly, and do not face others directly. Greetings, bowing, introducing, handing things, and receiving things must be done sincerely, with an amiable expression and a focused look.

Section 17 Conversation.

Pay attention to civilized language, sincere tone, soft tone, moderate speaking speed, and clear enunciation; use more honorifics and honorifics when addressing people, and use less nicknames, nicknames, and nicknames, and try not to call them by their first names; the content of the conversation should make the other party feel proud and happy. , good at and interested in, the style should be elegant, cheerful and relaxed, and do not involve the other party's own weaknesses and shortcomings, personal privacy, vulgarity, weird power and chaos, and gossip. Ask questions at the right time, and talk more about everyone and less about yourself. Boasting, talking endlessly, knowing everything, using harsh language, complaining to others, and remaining silent during the conversation are all unwelcome. When talking, you should be polite and courteous, listen attentively and answer questions. Do not easily interrupt other people's conversations or walk away casually. You should not look tired, yawn, or look at your watch. Men should not join in the discussion among women, and should not talk to the opposite sex. Be brief, be humble, argue in a controlled manner, and don't make random jokes.

Section 18 Hairdressing. Hairdressing generally refers to the care and modification of people's hair. Under normal circumstances, people often start from scratch when observing a person. Often leaves a very deep impression on others. The basic requirements of hair care etiquette are: you must always maintain a healthy, beautiful, clean, refreshing, hygienic and neat state. To truly meet the above requirements, you must take care of yourself in several aspects such as washing, combing, and maintaining your hair. Washing hair is, first, to remove dirt, second, to remove dandruff, third, to prevent odor, and fourth, to make hair organized. Additionally, it helps maintain hair. After modification, the hair must be solemn, simple, elegant and generous as its dominant style. No matter what hairstyle you choose for yourself, you are absolutely not allowed to add unnecessary decorations to your hair at work. Under normal circumstances, it is not advisable to use colored hair gels and hair creams. Men should not use any hair accessories. When it is necessary for women to use hairpins, hair ties, headbands or headbands, they should keep them plain and simple. The colors should be blue, gray, brown, and black, without any floral decorations. Never wear hair accessories that are colorful, bright, or have cartoon, animal, or flower patterns at work. If it does not match the uniform, hats are not allowed in the workplace. Various hats intended for decoration, such as berets, princess hats, bachelor's hats, baseball caps, hairpin caps, or decorative turbans, Wearing it on the heads of people who are working is very incongruous and disproportionate.

1. Taboos in words and deeds in foreign-related activities

Behavior taboos: Strictly avoid tilted postures, dancing, pointing, pulling, pulling, being too close, looking left and right, looking far away, frequent Look at the watch, stretch, play with things, scratch your head and ears.

Taboos: Absurd and obscene words, other people’s resumes, women’s private affairs, salary income, private property, value of clothing, criticism of elders, criticism of religion, and ridicule of foreign customs are strictly prohibited.

Taboos in tone: It is strictly forbidden to argue loudly, talk loudly, speak harshly, ask questions, quarrel and insult, and speak rudely.

Taboos on courtesy: It is strictly forbidden to ignore others, talk to the end alone, express opinions easily, interrupt objections, pester, interrupt at will, and say goodbye at will.

2. Taboos when taking photos at foreign-related activities

In foreign-related activities, when taking photos, people must not violate the taboos of specific countries, regions, and ethnic groups. Any random photography should be strictly prohibited at border ports, airports, museums, residential rooms, new product and new technology exhibitions, precious cultural relics exhibition halls, etc.

When permitted, it is strictly forbidden to use flash when taking pictures of ancient paintings and other ancient cultural relics. People should consciously avoid taking photos in places or areas with "No Photography" signs. Under normal circumstances, it is taboo to take photos of strangers (especially women).

3. Hygiene taboos in foreign-related activities

Personal hygiene: Avoid unkempt hair, dirty clothes, shoes, hats, or unclean collars and cuffs. In formal occasions, unhygienic actions such as picking your eyes, blowing your nose, picking your nostrils, picking your ears, picking your teeth, and clipping your nails are taboo. People with infectious diseases are strictly prohibited from participating in foreign affairs activities.

Environmental hygiene: Do not spit, flick cigarette ashes, litter confetti or other unclean objects. Do not bring mud, water, mud, etc. under rain gear and shoes into the room. Do not bring spittoons and other unclean things. Place cleaning utensils in a conspicuous place indoors.

4. Various etiquette and taboos in the business world

Southeast Asian etiquette and taboos: When discussing business with Southeast Asian businessmen, it is strictly forbidden to cross your legs or even let the soles of your shoes hang. Otherwise, the other party will be resentful and the transaction will immediately fall through.

Middle East Etiquette: Businessmen from Arab countries in the Middle East often discuss trade in cafes.

When meeting with them, it is advisable to drink coffee, tea or cool drinks. It is strictly forbidden to drink, smoke, talk about women, take photos, and do not talk about the political situation in the Middle East and international oil policies.

Russian etiquette taboos: Russia and Eastern European countries are extremely enthusiastic in their hospitality to Western businessmen. When negotiating trade with Russians, avoid calling them "Russians."

British Etiquette Taboos: When negotiating trade in the UK, there are three taboos: 1. Avoid wearing patterned ties (because patterned ties may be considered imitations of military or student uniform ties; 2. .Don't make the royal household a joke; 3. Don't call British people "British"

French etiquette: When going to France to discuss business, it is strictly forbidden to talk too much about personal matters. Because the French don’t like to talk about the privacy of their family and personal life.

South American Etiquette: People who go to South America for business should wear dark clothes during the transaction negotiation process in order to follow the local customs. The conversation should be cordial and close, avoid wearing light-colored clothes, and avoid talking about local political issues.

German Etiquette: German businessmen attach great importance to work efficiency. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to talk or talk with them when negotiating trade. Businessmen in northern Germany attach great importance to their titles. He will be particularly happy when he shakes hands with them warmly and calls them by their titles.

Swiss etiquette: If given. When sending a letter from a Swiss company, the recipient should write the full name of the company. It is strictly forbidden to write the name of the company staff, because if the recipient is not present, the letter will never be opened. The Swiss admire time-honored companies. If the company was founded before 1895, you should highlight it on your work ID or business card.

American etiquette: When negotiating with Americans, do not use too many handshakes and politeness. Trade negotiations can be done. Get straight to the point, even while eating breakfast.

Finnish Etiquette: When negotiating with Finnish businessmen, you should pay attention to the handshake and call them "manager" and other titles. The location is usually in the office, usually not at banquets. After a successful negotiation, Finnish businessmen often invite you to a family dinner and a steam bath. This is a very important etiquette. If you are invited to a banquet, don't be late. Send 5 or 7 flowers (no even numbers) to the hostess. Guests should not drink by themselves before the host makes a formal toast, and they should avoid talking about local political issues.

5. Taboos in some countries

Applicable objects and taboos Reasons for taboos

The Japanese use green as a decorative color and an ominous color

< p>Indonesia·Central Java people go out at night and whistle to attract ghosts and disasters

Bhutanese people have deviant behavior by wearing goatees

Indians put children in bathtubs to bathe in stagnant water

It is contrary to etiquette for Indians to express condolences during funerals

Muslim rules and customs regarding rice, wine, and decoration of pig patterns

Pakistani people talk about pigs and eat pork , Use pig products to teach customs

Pakistani women teach customs with sea cucumbers, fish maw and other strange foods

Saudis play chess to symbolize regicide and rebellion

Saudi guests are free to There are differences between men's and women's rooms when entering the master's room

Saudi women appear in public to teach customs

In the Middle East, people use their left hand to hand things to others. The left hand is unclean

Iraq People use the symbol of the blue devil in their daily life

Turks decorate their rooms with flower colors as an unlucky symbol

Use green triangles as logos for free sample marks

The Czechs use the red triangle as a symbol of poison

Internationally, the triangle is used as a warning symbol

European and American women and brides try on wedding dresses before the wedding and the marriage breaks down

< p>Europeans and Americans shake hands with the left hand and let the distinguished guests sit on the left side, which is disrespectful and despicable

Westerners use brown things to give gifts or decorate them with evil and murderous colors

Westerners accidentally spilled it Salt is a sign of bad luck

For Westerners, talking about unlucky words in public places can cause evil and bring disaster

It is a sign of bad luck for Westerners to break mirrors

It is customary for Swedes to drink alcohol

Hungarians breaking glassware is a sign of bad luck

Belgians dress in blue and use blue objects as decorations which are ominous and a bad omen

It is impolite for British people to directly mention the word "toilet" in public places

It is customary for British people to use portraits as merchandise for decoration

French people use walnuts to entertain guests or as decorations Decorations are unlucky

British and American people express condolences on public occasions or funerals

Italian people use handkerchiefs as gifts for separation between relatives and friends

Italian people The wind blowing in the room, hall, corridor, and car can cause illness

The Greeks raised cats, played with them, and loved them to attract people to the underworld

Ethiopians wore yellow clothes when going out as guests Mourning the dead

South American Indians saying their real names in front of strangers brings misfortune

Brazilians use yellow and purple as decorative colors to cause bad omens

p>

Many countries use their left hand to shake hands or hand things to guests, which is disrespectful and insulting

6. Taboos in dealing with flowers and trees

Root flower taboo: When visiting patients, the Japanese are strict Avoid flowering with roots

(including potted flowers) is a ritual because the Japanese word for "root" has the same pronunciation as the word for "sleep".

Camellia taboos: Japanese people avoid using camellias, cyclamen, yellow flowers and white flowers when visiting patients. Because when the camellia withers, the whole flower head falls to the ground, it is unlucky; the cyclamen flower is pronounced "Kiku Ramen" in Japan, and "Ki" has the same pronunciation as the Japanese word "death"; light yellow flowers and white flowers are mostly disliked by Japanese people.

White lily taboo: Indians should avoid using lotus as a gift, because Indians mostly use lotus as a sacrificial flower.

White flowers are taboo: In Europe, when people use flowers as gifts, they generally avoid using white flowers except for birthdays and name days.

Taboos on fragrant flowers: People in some European countries often avoid using flowers with strong fragrance or special symbolic meaning when visiting patients. For gifts to middle-aged people, avoid using small flowers; for gifts for young people, avoid using large flowers.

Don’t use potted flowers: In relationships where flowers are usually used as gifts, many Europeans prefer to use cut flowers and avoid using potted flowers. However, on the occasion of Easter, potted hyacinths can be used as gifts.

Taboo about chrysanthemums: In many European countries, people are taboo about using chrysanthemums as gifts. Traditional customs believe that chrysanthemum is the flower of the cemetery. The Japanese avoid using chrysanthemums for interior decoration, as they think chrysanthemums are unlucky.

Double flower taboo: When Poles and Romanians use flowers as gifts, the bouquet must be an odd number, even one bouquet is acceptable. Even numbers are taboo, except for Romanian birthdays.

Dried flowers are taboo: Except for artificial flowers, Polish people are taboo about sending dried flowers or withered flowers. Polish people believe that sending dried or dead flowers means the end of friendship.

Tulip taboo: Germans often taboo giving tulips as gifts. They consider it a heartless flower.

Yellow roses are taboo: British people are taboo on using yellow roses as fireworks. Traditional British customs believe that yellow roses symbolize the separation of relatives and friends.

Taboo against yellow flowers: French people tend to avoid sending yellow flowers. French traditional customs believe that yellow flowers symbolize disloyalty.

Taboos about evil flowers: Many Latin Americans regard chrysanthemums as "evil flowers". They avoid using chrysanthemums to decorate their rooms and avoid using chrysanthemums as gifts.

Purple flowers are taboo: Brazilians avoid using purple flowers as gifts because Brazilians are accustomed to using purple flowers as funeral flowers.

7. Various overseas legal taboos

The laws of Cairo, Egypt: Men are not allowed to speak foul language in front of any woman, and offenders will be imprisoned for a week.

Peruvian government law stipulates that husbands are strictly prohibited from abusing their wives. Anyone who abuses his wife can be imprisoned for 5 to 10 days; anyone who beats his wife can be sentenced to one month of hard labor; anyone who hurts his wife can be sentenced to one to two years.

Local regulations in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador stipulate that a woman who is divorced for the first time must be single for 5 years before being allowed to remarry; a woman who is divorced for the second time must be single for 8 years before being allowed to remarry; a woman who is divorced three times must be single for life. Not allowed to remarry.

8. Postal items that are taboo in some countries

Ashtrays and macaroni are strictly prohibited from being sent to Afghanistan.

Old and dirty knitwear is strictly prohibited from being sent to Argentina.

Contraceptive drugs and tools are strictly prohibited from being sent to France.

Cocoa powder, poultry and literary works "harmful to national tranquility" are prohibited postal items in Germany.

Any honey without a label is considered taboo in Zimbabwe.

Antiques, sunglasses, carbon paper, chalk, and New Year cards are prohibited stamps in Sri Lanka.

It is strictly forbidden to send small packages of beans from Mexico to India.

9. Taboos in the Holy Month

Residents in Arab countries mostly believe in Islam. According to traditional customs, the first, seventh, eleventh and twelfth months of the lunar year of the Hijri calendar are the holy months of Islam. During these four months, Muslims must strictly avoid all intense activities.

10. Daily taboos for Westerners

Number taboos: "Thirteen" is taboo, even Friday and the 13th of every month are taboo, as these numbers are believed to contain danger. On the contrary, Westerners like "three" and "seven" very much, thinking that these two numbers contain good luck.

Taboos about asking: It is taboo to ask about other people’s age, salary, family and other private matters. In front of the elderly, avoid saying "old".

Bed placement taboos: It is strictly forbidden to place the bed facing the door.

Broken mirror taboo: It is strictly forbidden to break a mirror, as it is believed that broken mirrors can bring bad luck. If you violate this taboo, you can take advantage of the full moon and secretly turn over the coins in your pocket to show relief.

Flower color taboos: Many Europeans are taboo on yellow flowers and believe that chrysanthemums and azaleas are unlucky.

Color taboos: Europeans mostly avoid black, thinking that black is the color of funerals.

Etiquette taboos: All etiquette should be based on women first and then men, and the opposite should be avoided.

Clothing taboos: Westerners have the habit of leaving their own clothes and luggage randomly, but they are taboo about others moving them.

Taboo on breaking willow branches: Do not break the willow sticks that come floating in the air. It is believed that this taboo can prevent the pain of broken love.

Wedding dress taboos: Girls are taboo about trying on wedding dresses before getting married. It is said that this taboo can prevent the breakdown of future marriages.

Wedding taboos: Except for the British, most Westerners strictly taboo getting married on Saturdays, believing that this day is by no means an auspicious day.

Taboo on supporting the elderly: Elderly people in Europe and the United States are often taboo about having others support them. They considered it beneath their dignity and a sign of contempt.

Taboo of holding hands: On the streets of many Latin American countries, men and women can hold hands while walking hand in hand, but it is taboo to hold hands and hold hands between people of the same sex. They believe that people of the same sex openly holding hands must be despised homosexuals.

11. European and American Etiquette Taboos

Handshake Taboos: Do not shake hands actively and casually with elders, women or strangers.

Walking taboos: While walking, avoid swaying, spitting or littering.

Taboos when talking on the road: When meeting acquaintances on the road, avoid talking in the middle of the road or by the side of the road for a long time; when talking to a woman on the road, you should talk while walking and avoid standing on the roadside.

Taboos when visiting relatives and friends: Do not take off your hat and bring an umbrella after entering the house; do not smoke when sitting across from a woman.

Taboos when meeting guests: When meeting guests, avoid sitting in a crooked posture and making small movements. Do not allow family members to quarrel or look at the watch to ask for the time.

Condolence taboos: When visiting a sick person, avoid long conversations; when expressing condolences, avoid mentioning the deceased first.