1. Man and Environment In ancient times, the relationship between man and nature was unequal. Man is a weak person, constrained by nature everywhere, but unable to change nature. With the advent of the industrial age and the continuous improvement of human science and technology, the relationship between man and nature has been reversed, and nature has become the object of injury. High-purity chemicals, such as pesticides, paints, detergents and printed matter, pose a great threat to the natural environment; Large-scale energy consumption has changed the composition of water sources, thus changing the environment of the earth; With the improvement of sanitary conditions and the sharp increase of population, human activities have destroyed a large number of forests and wetland resources on the earth. Thus, the "river pollution problem" has become a "ferocious nature", and everything imposed on it by human beings will eventually be returned to human beings. In areas where water and soil are polluted by high-purity commercial preparations, the incidence of deformed children and terminal diseases is much higher than normal. "Cruel nature" will make human beings weak again, and the relationship between human beings and nature will return to the starting point.

Second, the background description

Qianku Town in Cangnan County is a real water town in the south of the Yangtze River. Rivers extend in all directions and small rivers can be seen everywhere. Baihua River is one of the largest rivers in this area, and its winding river moistens Qianku's village, so it is called "Mother River". However, since 2000, the changes that have taken place day and night have turned into black and smelly sewage, which has completely changed the face of Baihua River and made nearby villagers feel on pins and needles.

Third, the problem.

1. What is the pollution control status of local rivers? What is the impact of river pollution on the local area?

2. How much do people know about pollution?

3. How do the local government and the masses protect the surrounding environment? What are the specific measures?

Fourth, the purpose of the study

1. Students inquire about relevant information, learn about environmental protection measures in provinces and cities, and learn information inquiry and processing methods initially.

2. Improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems through water quality experimental analysis, and improve students' experimental operation ability through hands-on operation.

3. Through the analysis and discussion of various factors affecting water pollution, let students understand the influence of water pollution on the development and life of modern citizens and the significance of environmental protection. Establish the view that man and nature live in harmony, and cultivate students' ability of analysis and understanding.

4. Improve the ability of language expression and information exchange through investigation, exchange and suggestions.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) activity step

Step 1: investigate

Investigation 1

Survey object: Some residents of Baihua Street in Qianku Town.

Baihua Street in the former Ku town is mostly a bungalow with a general living environment. Through on-the-spot investigation, it is known that some residents throw domestic garbage directly into the river, some women even wash mops in the river at their doorstep, and some rivers float with a lot of garbage. Observing the behavior of people around towns, it is not difficult to see that residents are indifferent to the protection of water resources and ignore river pollution. There are a lot of plastic bags, white foam, wine bottles and some unremarkable floating objects floating on the river.

Survey 2

Survey object: electroplating factory.

In the small river near the electroplating factory, it was found that when the factory started to operate, some toxic particles were discharged into the river with sewage mixed with oil, and a large number of oily black substances floated on the water surface, which was heavily polluted and pungent, and there were no fish and shrimp swimming in the water. It is not difficult to see that industrial pollution is very serious from the pollution of electroplating plant. After investigation, it is found that the pollution degree is deepening and the river water pollution is very serious.

Step 2: Experimental method

Water quality experiment

Organic pollution: pollution per 1 liter of water.

Chemical experiments were carried out on Baihua River. It is found that Baihua River contains a lot of inorganic pollutants such as oxygen and phosphorus. These pollutants need to consume a lot of dissolved oxygen in the process of biological oxidation and decomposition in water. Once the oxygen supply in the water is insufficient, the oxidation will stop, causing anaerobic fermentation of organic matter, giving off stench and seriously polluting Baihua River. Moreover, Baihua River has low pH value, turbid color and dark green color. There will be a small amount of sand in the water and an unpleasant smell.

Step 3: On-site investigation of pollution sources:

It is found that there are many garbage dumps piled with sand along the river and on the road, and there are a lot of trademark paper, construction sites, domestic garbage and oil pollution. Domestic garbage from trademark factories and residents is the main pollution source.

Trademark factory: in the process of producing its trademark, it is necessary to print, dry, add molds, draw lines and other links first, and finally separate the unnecessary parts. Those manufacturers just threw the waste trademark paper into the river for their own convenience, and as a result, some recycled materials were produced in the fish drying shower and flowed into the river.

Site: The building builders directly pile the materials needed for building on the road without management, blowing sand with the wind and seriously polluting the environment. Some people even give up halfway, but the sand is still piled up on the road and no one cleans it.

Household garbage: most residents put garbage in plastic bags and throw it on the road in front of their homes. Even some trash cans are not far from their home. Some people see an open space next to their home and throw the garbage upstairs. Others leave the garbage on the road, waiting for the cleaners to sweep it.

Step 4: Draw a conclusion:

According to the survey, the river in Baihua Street has become dark and smelly in recent years. I used to see a little washing vegetables and clothes by the river, but now I can't find it. The pollution of river water is mainly due to the unreasonable and irregular discharge of wastewater and domestic garbage by small factories along the river; Discarding and discharging of domestic wastewater. The current situation of river water is not conducive to the life and work of residents. To sum up, the government should strengthen and speed up the river regulation, beautify the surrounding environment, let residents have a better living environment and cultivate environmental awareness.

Step 5: Put forward suggestions and opinions:

Garbage disposal has always been the key project of our town management. At present, the focus of our town's work has shifted to the management of garbage. Since last year, our town has gradually put out its own investment to build basic public health facilities in this area. So far, the town has taken relevant measures to manage the garbage. Among them, the methods of garbage disposal are mainly divided into the following two types:

First, establish public health facilities. That is, after garbage cans are placed at regular intervals in every street, garbage trucks sent by the government dump them and compress them away every morning. Secondly, send cleaners to clean up the garbage on the street. But no matter which way, the garbage will eventually be concentrated in the designated place for burning, producing a lot of smoke and odor. As far as the current effect is concerned, the environment in most places has improved. Moreover, most people are quite satisfied with the government's work, and they can also take the initiative to cooperate and dump the garbage into the dustbin or hand it over to the cleaning staff.

However, there are still some problems.

First, the trash can. Placing trash cans on the street gives people a dumping point for garbage, but it is similar to dumping garbage directly on the ground, so it has great disadvantages: dumping garbage still pollutes the environment and affects environmental sanitation, especially in summer, flies and mosquitoes fly everywhere. Odor attacks people, and sometimes a large amount of garbage causes garbage to overflow the trash can, which has a certain impact on cleaning work. The second is that the cleaning staff is not in place. In these areas where trash cans are placed, there is a phenomenon that garbage cannot be removed in time and the surrounding garbage cannot be removed, which still affects the environment. The third is that people's awareness of environmental protection is not strong. Although the relevant departments have done some publicity work, the work has not been carried out deeply enough. Therefore, littering still happens from time to time among the general public. It is not surprising that there are traces of garbage in the grass by the roadside.

The last one is also the problem of garbage management-garbage disposal.

At present, incineration is widely used, because the weight of garbage after incineration is only 10%~20%. However, the waste generated in the incineration process will cause great pollution to the environment, especially to the atmosphere. At present, we have no conditions to convert the heat generated in the incineration process into electric energy, and incineration is also a waste of resources. Landfill is also a method. Sanitary landfill method should be adopted in landfill. Generally, the bottom of the landfill adopts three layers of liners, and water pipes are set to receive the percolated sewage to the sewage treatment plant, and then it is discharged after being treated by the system. After the garbage is transported to the landfill, it is further recycled separately, and then compacted by bulldozers and rollers. Each pile of 0.3 m thick garbage and 0.3 m thick soil is buried. After two to five years of landfill, dig a hole to take biogas and lead it to a nearby biogas power plant through a pipeline.

Step 6: Discuss the problem

① In the process of research, we found that there are few relevant authoritative materials, and the research process is slow and difficult. Therefore, our research on the pollution components of Baihua River is still very shallow and needs to be further improved and deepened.

② In the questionnaire survey, we went out from the campus and made a survey among residents, which was in line with the reality.

③ It was found in the investigation that residents knew little about the hazards of Baihua River pollution. We also decided to collect information and put it on Qian's website to raise residents' crisis awareness.

References:

1. Zhong Qiquan. Theoretical basis of inquiry learning [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Press, 2003.

2. Guo Yuanxiang. Towards Curriculum Leadership —— Case Study Series of Inquiry Learning in Ordinary Senior High Schools [M]. Shanghai East China Normal University Press, March 2004

3. Zhang Hua On the Essence of "Inquiry Learning" Course [J]. Research on Educational Development.2001,(5).

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