The first stage: microfiltration membrane: microfiltration membrane removes all kinds of visible objects/dust and impurities from tap water. These particles come from pipeline aging, rust, secondary pollution of roof water tank and so on.
Second stage: compressed carbon: compressed carbon removes chlorine and organic impurities, such as harmful pesticides. It can also absorb the odor, color and smell produced by organic matter in water, which come from disinfection by-products of tap water.
The third stage: ultrafiltration membrane: ultrafiltration membrane can remove bacteria, viruses and spores from water.
The fourth stage: filter life indicator: the device adopts gear structure design. With the passage of water, the rotation of the gear makes an inner shaft move upward until the water outlet is blocked and the water cannot pass through, that is, the total amount of water passing through the water purifier is calculated through the designed stroke, thus ensuring the safety of the water outlet.
Most water purifiers adopt a progressive structure based on the screen-blocking filtering principle, which is composed of multi-stage filter elements connected in series from end to end. The precision of filter elements is arranged in sequence from low to high, so that multi-stage filter elements can share the trapped dirt, reduce the number of filter element blockage, manual sewage discharge and disassembly and washing, and prolong the cycle of replacing filter elements. There is also a new design idea, which is the self-cleaning structure based on the principle of mass distribution. Its design idea is no longer to provide as much space as possible to store and receive pollutants, but to separate a small part of clean water by the principle of quality separation, and at the same time let the raw water flow as usual, so as to take away pollutants in time with the water flow and achieve the purpose of running water without rot. In this way, pure water can be obtained without or easily depositing dirt in the machine, which avoids secondary pollution, greatly reduces the loss of filter elements, and has better water quality, safety, energy saving and low carbon. The self-cleaning water purifier adopting this new principle won the gold medal in the 7th International Invention Exhibition, and it has a structure of one inlet and two outlets. It improves the structural disadvantages of the traditional water purifier, which leads to the accumulation of raw water impurities in the machine and finally becomes sewage. Therefore, the self-cleaning water purifier has no concept of sewage and sewage water purifier, and it is replaced by washing water. With the improvement of living standards, the popularity of water purifiers will become wider and wider, and new technology products will better meet people's needs.
Product technology
Water purifiers can be divided into the following 10 categories according to water quality treatment methods:
1. softening
Refers to the removal or reduction of hardness (mainly calcium and magnesium ions in water) to a certain extent. In the process of water softening, it only softens the water, but it can't improve the water quality.
2. Distillation
Is to boil water, then collect steam, cool it and condense it into liquid. Distilled water is extremely safe drinking water, but there are some problems to be further discussed. Because distilled water does not contain minerals, this has also become the reason why opponents suggest that people's life expectancy is easy to age. In addition, distillation has high cost and energy consumption, and it can't remove volatile substances from water.
3. Boiling method
It refers to drinking tap water after boiling, which is an ancient method and widely used in China. Boiling water can kill bacteria, but some chemicals and heavy metals cannot be removed, even if their content is extremely low, so it is still unsafe to drink.
4. Magnetization method
It refers to the treatment of water by magnetic field effect, which is called magnetization treatment of water. The process of magnetization is that water passes through the magnet in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field lines, that is, the process of magnetization is completed. The magnetization treatment of water in China is still in the initial stage of practice and research, and foreign water purifiers do not need magnetization function, because magnetized water does not belong to the category of pure water, but belongs to medical problems.
5. Mineralization method
It refers to adding mineral elements (such as calcium, zinc, strontium and other elements) beneficial to human body to water on the basis of purification. Commercially available water purifiers generally achieve the purpose of mineralization by adding medical stone to the water purifier, but the Ministry of Health has clearly pointed out that "wading products must not promote any health care function".
6. Ozone and ultraviolet sterilization
These aspects can only be sterilized, and heavy metals and chemicals in water cannot be removed. After being killed, the bacteria remains in the water and becomes a pyrogen.
7. Activated carbon adsorption
Can be divided into the following three forms
7. 1. Commonly used is granular activated carbon, which is made of carbon-containing substances such as wood, coal quality and fruit shell (core) by chemical method or physical activation method. It has a large number of micropores and specific surface area, so it has strong adsorption capacity and can effectively adsorb organic pollutants in water. In addition, during the activation process, some oxygen-containing functional groups are formed in the amorphous part of the surface of activated carbon, which makes the activated carbon have chemical adsorption, catalytic oxidation and reduction properties, and can effectively remove some metal ions from water.
7.2. Silver-infiltrated activated carbon combines activated carbon with silver, which not only adsorbs organic pollutants in water, but also has sterilization effect, and bacteria will not grow in activated carbon, thus solving the problem of high nitrite content in effluent of water purifier. When water passes through activated carbon impregnated with silver, it will slowly release silver ions, which will play a role in disinfection and sterilization. Activated carbon has a good removal effect on color, bromine, chlorine, iron, arsenic, mercury, cyanide and phenol in water, and its sterilization effect is over 90%, so it is used in small water purifiers.
7.3. Activated carbon fiber Organic carbon fiber is a new adsorption material formed after activation treatment, which has developed micropore structure, huge specific surface area and numerous functional groups. Foreign countries have made remarkable achievements in solvent recovery and gas purification by using fiber activated carbon. A lot of research work has also been done in the application of water treatment.
8.RO reverse osmosis membrane
RO(Reverse Osmosis) reverse osmosis is a machine (also known as terminal water purification equipment) that directly produces pure water for human consumption by filtering raw water (physical method) through internationally popular reverse osmosis and other methods. Municipal tap water whose water quality meets the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water Quality (200 1) issued by the Ministry of Health of China is used as raw water. The raw water is pre-filtered by two activated carbon filter elements (1 granular activated carbon, 1 sintered activated carbon) and 1 PPF spray filter elements, and then the pre-filtered water is forced to pass through RO (reverse osmosis) with a pore size of one ten thousandth of a micron. English reverse osmosis) membrane, and finally the pH value of water is adjusted by silver-loaded activated carbon (also called small T33) made of fruit shell (coconut shell) (to make the prepared purified water taste sweet and mellow), so as to prepare purified water.
Compared with bottled water, the purified water produced by RO reverse osmosis water purification mechanism is fresher, more hygienic and safer. It has a wide range of uses: it can be drunk raw or boiled. The most prominent feature in this respect is that the kettle or electric thermos will never scale again. Pure water for cooking is more hygienic and delicious; Bathing with pure water can remove impurities from the skin, moisturize the skin and play a natural beauty effect; It can provide water for small household appliances such as humidifier, steam iron and beauty instrument. And there will never be an annoying scale; When used together with an ice maker, the ice cubes made are crystal clear without any peculiar smell.