[Abstract] The article elaborates on the development status of the grape industry in Quanzhou. In view of the existing problems in industrial development, it is proposed that the key to industrial development in Quanzhou is to rely on technological innovation, scientific planning, highlighting regional characteristics, facility cultivation, and quality management. Promote the standardization of grape production and promote industrial upgrading to enhance the competitiveness of the state's grape industry.

[Key words] Grape industry; technological innovation; development

[About the author] Tang Yanyu, Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Qutang Township, Quanzhou County, Guilin City, Guilin, Guangxi, 541500

[Chinese Library Classification Number] F269.27 [Document Identification Code] A [Article Number] 1007-7723 (2012) 05-0081-0002

Quanzhou is the north gate of Guangxi. It is also a major fruit-producing county in Guangxi. It has unique natural conditions for the development of subtropical and temperate fruits and superior natural resources. It has a humid monsoon climate in the mid-subtropics with abundant rainfall and abundant heat. The annual average temperature is 17.9°C, the average temperature in January is 6.3°C, and the average temperature in July is 17.9°C. The temperature is 28.5 ℃, the active accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ is 5567.8 ℃, the annual average rainfall is 1519 mm, the annual sunshine hours are 1535 hours, the annual average relative humidity is 78%, and the annual frost-free period is 299 days. The climate conditions are very suitable for grape growth. For more than 20 years, the grape industry in Quanzhou has developed vigorously. The grapes produced are sold both inside and outside the region. Grapes have become a pillar industry of Quanzhou's characteristic agriculture.

1. The current development status of the grape industry

(1) The grape area is gradually expanding, the variety structure is becoming increasingly reasonable, and the grape industry is beginning to take shape

According to statistics from Quanzhou County Bureau data show that in 2009, the grape area was 8,592 acres and the output was 9,320 tons. In 2010, grape production was vigorously developed, with 4,861 acres of new grapes planted, and the county’s grape area reached 13,453 acres. The structure of mid-, early- and late-maturing varieties is becoming increasingly reasonable, including 3,615 acres of Kyoho grapes, 3,062 acres of Red Globe, 3,872 acres of Victoria, 1,016 acres of Summer Black, 1,182 acres of Wenke, and 706 acres of other varieties. In 2011, the grape planting area expanded to 15,000 acres, and the output value per mu also increased from 2,936 yuan in 2003 to more than 10,000 yuan in 2011, with the highest output per mu reaching 20,000 yuan. Centered on Caiwan and Liangtang, the total area exceeds 1.5 A grape industry area of ??10,000 acres has been initially formed.

(2) The achievements of scientific and technological innovation are remarkable, the grape yield is high, the benefits are good, and the fruit cultivation level of the majority of fruit farmers has been rapidly improved

After more than 20 years of efforts, the grapes have been introduced and promoted successively. More than 20 series of grape varieties ranging from early to late ripening have been popularized. New technologies such as cultivation in rain-proof facilities, two grape harvests a year, and fruit bagging have been popularized. Standardized grape production has been gradually promoted throughout the county and quality standards for grape products have been formulated. , production technology operating procedures, through technical guidance, demonstration guidance, publicity and mobilization, inspection and supervision, etc., to strengthen the testing and application of new technologies, new varieties and new fertilizers, and achieve pollution-free and green food production of grapes, thus It has improved the quality and added value of grapes across the state and promoted the sustainable development of grape production.

(3) There are new breakthroughs in brand creation, and grape production and sales are booming

In recent years, Quanzhou has continuously increased its efforts in building famous and high-quality fruit brands, and has registered and launched a large number of famous and high-quality fruit brands. For example, the "Xiangyuan" brand fruit trademark applied for registration by the Quanzhou County Fruit Bureau to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce is widely used in grape sales, and the "Jingmei" brand grape registered by the Tianfulian Grape Association has spread far and wide. Through vigorous promotion of famous and high-quality fruit brands, Promote grape sales. In recent years, there has been no unsalable phenomenon of rotten grapes in vineyards. Grape production and sales are booming across the state. The increase in production and income has made a greater contribution to increasing farmers' income. Grapes have become the main source of farmers' income.

2. Main problems in the development of the grape industry

(1) Weak infrastructure has become the "bottleneck" for the development of the grape industry

The foundation of most vineyards Facilities are still poor. Grape cultivation mainly uses small scaffolding methods, field management, and harvesting are labor-intensive, which is not conducive to mechanical operation and the promotion of water-saving technologies. Roads, ditches, canals, electricity, water and other supporting facilities are not perfect, which affects the irrigation, picking and transportation of grapes.

(2) The degree of commercialization of fruits is not high enough

With the improvement of social living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of fruits, and the demand for high-quality fruits It is also getting stronger day by day. Judging from the current situation, the level of commercialization and value-added processing of grapes after harvesting is lagging behind, which not only leads to a clustering of products on the market, but also affects the sales price. At the same time, factors such as primitive and extensive packaging materials, low-grade packaging, few preservation facilities, simple preservation techniques, lack of brand planning, and low brand awareness also restrict the further improvement of the grape industry. In addition, the grape industry has rarely expanded into the secondary and tertiary industries. There is no local grape deep-processing enterprise, let alone wine, grape juice, canned grapes and other products processed by local enterprises, and there is no good grape tourism base.

(3) The organizational and management capabilities for industrial development are still not strong

Although the professional grape service organization has developed to a certain extent, it is still not sound. There are only a few grape associations and professional grape cooperatives in the county, and their organizational capabilities and market competitiveness are weak. The management of farmers is in a relatively loose state. They work independently, have limited information, are not open-minded, and find it difficult to accept new things. The ability to expand the marketing market is also obviously insufficient. Although Quanzhou grapes have been sold to large and medium-sized cities inside and outside the province, they mainly rely on door-to-door purchases by out-of-town customers. The ability to proactively connect with the market is still weak and the customer base is small. Market expansion is not extensive, with large cities in the north such as Beijing and Tianjin and cities in the south such as Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau having very low market shares.

3. Thoughts on the development of the grape industry

(1) Scientific and reasonable planning, highlighting scale and diversity

Focusing on the overall goal of developing ecologically efficient agriculture, carry out A new round of agricultural industry structural adjustment. It is necessary to formulate a plan to promote the development of the grape industry based on actual research, increase support, and promote further concentrated development of the county's grape industry. We must actively seek support from higher-level governments, apply for grape industrialization projects, and focus on developing the grape industry. At the same time, on the basis of accelerating the transfer of rural labor force, efforts will be made to promote land transfer and large-scale operation, promote the concentration of land to large grape growers, and solve the land demand problem of grape growers. In addition, with the help of the development of tourism, we will build picking leisure vineyards and develop a number of diversified ecological vineyards with characteristics, demonstration benefits and strong radiation functions.

(2) Promote standardized production, highlight high-quality products and safety, and actively develop circular economy

Carry out regular and irregular technical training for growers, and promote scientific pruning, ear correction, Comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases, rational use of pesticides, safe interval control and other new technologies for yield control and quality improvement, popularize pollution-free standardized cultivation techniques, improve the overall cultivation level of grapes, and comprehensively improve the quality of grape fruits. In addition, since the grape-producing areas in the county are relatively concentrated and have reached a certain scale, and grape cultivation has the characteristics of long-term and stability, it is necessary to effectively utilize production factors such as land, fertilizers, pesticides and water, which can be combined with livestock and poultry breeding to actively Develop circular agriculture projects and build an industrial chain of "livestock and poultry breeding-manure-biochemical treatment and processing of manure-organic fertilizer-increased application of organic fertilizer-pollution-free grape production" to promote the circular path of agricultural development.

(3) Strengthen brand building and use grape associations to expand markets

Accelerate the construction of farmers’ production and marketing economic grape associations, follow the one-stop road of production, supply and marketing, encourage grape associations, Household purchasers and sellers of the Jeonju grape brand have set up windows in major cities, striving to increase the popularity of Jeonju grape. Give full play to the role and advantages of the Grape Association, strengthen its functions of information communication, technical exchange, industry supervision, and external publicity, and provide accurate, timely, and effective information services and technical services. It is necessary to ensure the standardized operation of the association, continuously improve the integrated pre-production, mid-production and post-production service system, promote the healthy and orderly development of the association, and effectively improve the economic benefits of the grape industry.

(4) Optimize varieties, highlight characteristics and regionality

This region has the advantages of unique natural conditions, geographical location and traditional technology for the development of table grapes. Therefore, grape products are mainly sold fresh. After improving the quality of the original Kyoho grapes, the newly developed fresh Eurasian grapes (raisins), mainly early-ripening and late-ripening varieties, are launched early to seize the market and gain a foothold. domestic market and actively expand international markets.

(5) Open up a tourist base and expand the space for industrial development

Actively promote the extension of the grape industry from the primary to the tertiary industry, make overall plans, carefully design, and increase government policy support. Choose areas with convenient transportation and better facilities to build 1 to 3 grape sightseeing gardens that integrate viewing, picking, catering, and leisure. It is necessary to further enhance the quality of the Grape Festival, thereby further expanding the popularity of grapes across the state. At the same time, using the Grape Festival as a carrier, the "Grape Picking Tour" will be incorporated into the county's tourism system, with comprehensive consideration and point-to-point integration to further expand the attraction and influence of the Grape Picking Tour. In order to combine the actual conditions of the whole state, the development of the grape industry must not only be combined with the development of tourism, but also closely integrated with the improvement of the state's specialty products and catering standards, so as to promote a new improvement in the development of the county's three industries.

(6) Develop leading enterprises and highlight industrialization

As a table grape base, Quanzhou’s post-production grading, preservation and packaging are weak links. On the basis of standardized cultivation, it is necessary to strictly grade the harvest, carry out "single ear packaging" and "single layer boxing" of high-quality high-quality fruits, and unify specifications and brands. In terms of preservation and storage, we should vigorously develop preservation technology and increase the construction of cold storage, especially the construction of air-conditioned warehouses, to meet the needs of pre-cooling and preservation. At present, there is no company in the state that is fully engaged in post-harvest grading, packaging and pre-cooling of grapes, and all aspects of post-harvest processing are decentralized. Therefore, cultivating leading enterprises in the sales of fresh grape fruits and establishing a post-harvest cold chain processing technology system are the keys to the sustainable development of the grape industry.

(7) Enhance service capabilities and highlight technological comparison

To promote the healthy and sustainable development of the grape industry, a strong technological support and supporting service system must be established. Using local agricultural technology promotion as a platform, we will cooperate with research colleges and universities inside and outside the region to carry out research and promotion on grape planting and grape processing. Focus on major issues arising in local grape cultivation, such as grape variety improvement, stress resistance, pests and diseases, nutritional diagnosis and fertilization, water-saving irrigation, mechanization and prevention of disastrous weather, etc., and accelerate new grape deep processing during post-harvest processing. Product development to enhance the competitiveness of corporate products.