OEM production, that is, OEM production, also known as OEM production, commonly known as "OEM", because its English expression is Original Equipment/Entrusted Manufacture (translated as original equipment manufacturer or origin commissioned processing ), therefore referred to as OEM. The basic meaning is that brand producers do not directly produce products, but use the key core technologies they have mastered to design and develop new products, control sales channels, and entrust specific processing tasks to other manufacturers of similar products through contract ordering. Afterwards, the ordered products will be bought out at a low price and directly labeled with their own brand trademarks. This cooperation method of entrusting others to produce is referred to as OEM. The manufacturer that undertakes the processing task is called an OEM manufacturer, and the products it produces are called OEM products. It can be seen that OEM production belongs to the "OEM production" method in processing trade, and in international trade it is the export of labor services using commodities as the carrier.
The new meaning of OEM is: the abbreviation of online events marketing, which means: online interactive marketing. Currently, microcode marketing can provide this kind of service.
The characteristics of OEM are: technology is outside, capital is outside, the market is outside, only production is inside.
ODM, the abbreviation of Original design manufacture. It is when one manufacturer designs and produces a product based on the specifications and requirements of another manufacturer. The entrusted party has the design capabilities and technical level to produce products based on the authorization contract. OBM, the abbreviation of Original Brand Manufacturer, refers to a company that specializes in production according to the OEM requirements of other companies and never creates its own brand. After a manufacturer designs a product, in some cases it may be favored by manufacturers of other brands and asked to produce it with the latter's brand name, or to slightly modify the design (such as button positions) to produce. The biggest benefit of this is that other manufacturers reduce their own development time. For example, a computer company such as HP may have specific specifications for a laptop it wants to bring to market. They will specify the appearance requirements of the product, such as the size and technical requirements of the screen, input/output ports, forward tilt of the keyboard, the shape and color of the computer bag, the location of the speakers, etc. They also often specify specifications for key internal details of the product, such as the CPU or video controller. However, they do not design drawings, specify the type of switching transistor used in the power supply, or select the backlight inverter frequency. These are the jobs of ODM. ODMs design and produce laptops based on specifications set forth by computer companies. Sometimes, ODM can also be produced based on existing samples. The ODM approach tends to focus more on cooperation, while in the case of OEM, the buyer has little input into the specific specifications of the product.
SKD (SemiKnocked Down) semi-bulk parts
In international trade, especially in international automobile trade, automobile companies in vehicle exporting countries dismantle the finished products and use semi-finished products They are exported in the form of parts or components, and then the importing manufacturer assembles the finished vehicle by itself in the host country and sells it.
For the exporter, in addition to saving freight and taking advantage of the importing country's low-cost labor force, this method can also enjoy a lower import tariff than that of complete vehicle imports. For the importing country, It can promote the development of domestic industry, increase employment opportunities and occupy the domestic market. Among them, SKD (semi-bulk parts) refers to the major automobile component assemblies (such as engines, chassis, etc.) that are basically packaged and exported separately in the form of semi-finished products, and the importing country assembles them into complete vehicles on the spot.
This method is used by all vehicle manufacturers such as cars introduced in my country at the initial stage. For example, in the early stages of production of the Shanghai Santana sedan, only tires and retractors were domestically produced. Most of the assemblies and parts were imported in SKD form and assembled into complete vehicles at Shanghai Volkswagen.
The so-called "Knocked Down Assembly" is, according to international parlance, abbreviated as KD (Knocked Down). Generally speaking, KD has three forms: CKD, SKD, and DKD.
CKD (Complete Knocked Down) is a fully-knocked-down assembly, while SKD (Semi-Knocked Down) is a semi-knocked-down assembly, and part of the assembly is ready-made. What's more, DKD (Direct Knocked Down), CKD (Completely Knock Down), SKD (Semi Knock Down), semi-bulk parts
CKD (Completely Knock Down), a complete assembly: Machine assembly, that is, the production method of complete component assembly.
CKD is a proprietary term for imported complete vehicle models in the form of complete components. Locally produced parts are assembled into complete vehicles using local labor at lower tariffs and lower wages. cars and sell them at a lower retail price.