Catalogue feed types What are the commonly used feed formulas and additives? How to buy feed? How to use feed scientifically? 1 Feed types are classified according to nutritional components: complete compound feed, mixed feed, protein supplementary feed, additive premixed feed and milk substitute.
According to the physical properties of feed, it can be divided into powder feed, pellet feed, puffed feed and crushed pellet feed.
According to the type, stage and performance of animals, it can be divided into livestock feed, fish feed, experimental animal and special feed for economic animals.
What are the raw materials of feed? There are 13 kinds of feed raw materials, including grain, soybean, soybean meal, corn, fish meal, amino acids, miscellaneous meal, additives, whey powder, oil, meat and bone meal and grain. Observe the shape, color, mildew, insects, lumps, foreign bodies, etc. A summary of. Adulterated feed is generally ground very finely, and the ingredients are not visible, and the color is dark or light. Often deliquescent, moldy, moth-eaten and caked due to high water content, sometimes mixed with a lot of sand or a lot of low-priced feed. For example, the amount of shellfish powder in this batch reaches 20%. If there is the above phenomenon, it is generally inferior feed.
3 Common feed formula for carp
1, wheat bran 43%, fish meal 30%, bean cake 15%, barley 10%, additive 2%, feed coefficient 2.
2. Bean cake 50%, fish meal 15%, bran 15%, rice bran 15%, vitamin 1%, inorganic salt 1%, antibiotic leftovers 1%, and adhesive 2.
Grass carp; Buji fish
1, rice bran 40%, bran 38%, bean cake 10%, fish meal 10% and yeast powder 2%. The feed coefficient is 1.90. If green feed is added, the feed coefficient is 2.20.
2. Rice straw powder 80%, bean cake 10%, feed coefficient 4.90, and green feed, the coefficient is 13.
3. Corn flour 70%, fish meal 10%, bean cake powder 15% and bran 5%, and its additives are (based on the total amount of basic diet): sweet potato powder 12%, salt 0.50%, auxin 2%, dicalcium phosphate 2% and feed coefficient 4.
4. Sweet potato vine powder 80%, bean cake powder 15% and bran 5% are added according to the total amount of basic diet: sweet potato powder 12%, salt 0.50%, auxin 2%, dicalcium phosphate 2% and feed coefficient 15.
tilapia
1, rice bran 45%, bean cake 35%, silkworm chrysalis powder 10%, secondary powder 8%, bone meal 1.50%, salt 0.50%, and feed coefficient 2.27.
2. Bean cake 35%, bran 30%, fish meal 15%, barley meal 8.50%, corn meal 5%, Sophora japonica leaf powder 5%, bone meal 1% and salt 0.50%.
black carp
1, rice straw powder 40%, silkworm chrysalis powder 30%, rapeseed cake powder 10%, barley powder 20%, feed coefficient 3.
2. Green hay powder 40%, cottonseed cake powder 30%, bean cake powder 10%, rapeseed cake powder 5%, silkworm chrysalis powder 5%, fish powder 5%, barley powder 5%, feed coefficient 8.
More understanding
Problems needing attention in feed formula of breeding pigs
Detailed explanation of rabbit feed formula
Feed formula of carrier pigeons in different periods
Formula and processing method of fox feed
Feed formula for fur animals
4 What are the feed additives? In addition to nutritional additives (vitamins, trace mineral elements and amino acids), other types of additives should be considered in order to improve the quality of formula milk powder.
Mould inhibitor and antioxidant: the dosage should be reasonably determined according to the climatic conditions and the storage time of feed. In high temperature and high humidity season, it is necessary to increase the use of fungicides and antioxidants.
Antibiotics: In view of the harsh breeding environment, adding preventive antibiotics to feed can not only maintain the health of animals, but also improve production performance. However, with people's increasing concern about food safety, it is necessary to prevent the abuse of antibiotics.
Antibiotic substitutes: such as probiotics, microbial metabolites, Chinese herbal medicines, yolk antibodies, lysozyme, functional oligosaccharides, etc. If these products are of stable quality and can be used reasonably, they all have good results.
Enzyme preparation: The use of enzyme preparation is becoming more and more common. Among them, the production and application technology of phytase are the most mature and stable. In the case of increasing shortage of calcium hydrogen phosphate resources, phytase can not only save costs, but also reduce waste.
Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation, live lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis quick fertilizer preparation: traditional Chinese medicine lactic acid bacteria+Bacillus subtilis quick fertilizer preparation (PB6), lactic acid bacteria, active yeast, complex protease (enteroprotease, trypsin), β- 1, β-3- 1, 6-d- inulin, amino acids, efficient TRIA, etc.
5 How to choose feed 1? Look at the color. The color of a certain brand of feed is relatively stable for a certain period of time. When buying the same brand, if the color difference is too big, you should be vigilant.
2. smell the smell. Good concentrated feed should have pure fishy smell, soybean and corn flavor. Inferior feed is not good feed, because high concentration of essence is added, which masks the musty smell of raw materials.
3. Look carefully. High-quality feed from regular manufacturers is generally mixed very evenly, with smooth surface, uniform particles, good granulation and cooling, and no polarization.
4. Look at the trademark. The packaging of regular manufacturers should be beautiful and neat, with a clear address, telephone number and suitable varieties, and the R mark on the upper right corner of the registered trademark.
5. Look at the date of production. Although some feeds are high-quality products produced by regular manufacturers, they will inevitably deteriorate after the shelf life.
6. Understand the after-sales service quality rules. The after-sales service of feed production enterprises includes being responsible for the breeding benefits of feed and the problems caused by feed itself, as well as voluntary consultation for diseases caused by non-feed factors.
How to use feed scientifically 1. According to the species, growth stage and health status of livestock and poultry, it is used purposefully.
For example, some enzyme preparations can supplement the physical condition of weaned piglets with imperfect enzyme system, but they have no effect on big pigs and will only increase costs; Additives used in big pigs sometimes have poisoning symptoms when used in small pigs. In addition, some additives should be adapted to local conditions. For example, selenium-containing additives should be selected in selenium-deficient areas to promote growth and improve feed utilization; There is no need to supplement selenium in areas without selenium deficiency, otherwise it will not only increase the cost, but also cause livestock poisoning.
2. Pay attention to the appropriate addition
All kinds of feed additives should be added according to the instructions. Adding too much will not only increase the cost, but also affect the growth and development of livestock and poultry, even poisoning. In addition, we should also consider the carrier type and the balance of various nutrient elements, such as calcium and phosphorus. Only when they are balanced can they be well used by livestock and poultry, otherwise they will be wasted, and so will the balance of amino acids.
3. Pay attention to mixing evenly
Generally, a farm (household) can mix a small amount of feed and additives at 1 time, and then mix a small amount of feed for the second time, layer by layer, until the mixing is completed, which is convenient for uniform mixing, gives full play to the role of feed additives and achieves the expected effect.
4. Pay attention to feeding methods
Some additives, such as vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, etc., should not be boiled, otherwise they will decompose, deteriorate or denature and become invalid. Therefore, feed additives are limited to dry powder and wet mixing (water temperature below 30℃) before feeding.
5. Pay attention to incompatibility and beware of opposition.
For example, calcium and phosphorus are difficult to be absorbed in alkaline environment, so calcium and phosphorus cannot be used at the same time with strongly alkaline choline.
7 feed storage method animal protein feed: stored in plastic bags and placed in a dry and ventilated place.
Oilseed cake feed: the ground should be flat, covered with a layer of linoleum, or 20 cm thick dry sand to prevent moisture.
Feed additives: Long-term low-temperature drying and preservation of feed additives must be carried out under low-temperature drying conditions.
Compound feed: keep dry and pack in double bags, with airtight plastic bags inside and textile bags outside.
Full-price pellet feed: As long as it is moisture-proof, ventilated and stored away from light, it will not be mildewed in a short time, with less vitamin damage.
Full-price powder feed: easy to regain moisture, easy to oxidize and damaged by light, so this feed should not be stored for a long time.
Concentrated feed: mildew inhibitor and antioxidant should be added to increase storage resistance. Generally stored for 3~4 weeks, it should be sold or used in time.
8 feed brand which good industry recommends brand new hope Liuhe Haida Group twins Zheng Da Group Hefeng and Fengliyuan grain and oil Dabei Nong DBN Tongwei feed camel feed camel feed camel Zhengbang Group