In the Song Dynasty, the southern economy was quite prosperous. Show in:

In agriculture-the expansion of cultivated land reclamation has led to polder fields; Rice has become the first food crop in the south, and the rice yield in Taihu Lake Basin has been the first in the country with the introduction of Zhancheng rice (Suzhou Lake is ripe and the world is full); Cotton planting has expanded to the vast area south of the Yangtze River; Tea has become an important cash crop.

Handicraft industry-Zhejiang silk products rank first in the country; In Jiangsu and Zhejiang, there have been "machine households" in private workshops; Hainan Island has advanced cotton textile tools (the rise of cotton textile industry is of epoch-making significance in the history of handicraft development in China);

Porcelain industry is also very developed, and Jingdezhen kiln in Jiangxi has become the center of porcelain industry (porcelain capital); Shipbuilding technology is also in the forefront of the world.

In terms of business, Jiaozi in the Northern Song Dynasty was the earliest paper money in the world, and the circulation of paper money in the Southern Song Dynasty was very large.

1) During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, warlords fought endlessly and people's lives were very difficult. (2) The town is too heavy, and the monarch is weak and the minister is strong (meaning "the local generals are too strong"). (3) Suggestion: seize its power, control its money valley and accept its elite soldiers. Measures: Song Taizu "relieved the military power with a glass of wine", relieved the military power of generals, and restored the local political power, financial power and military power to the central government. 2.( 1) The Khitan nationality established by Liao. (2) Old coins, such as silver and silk, were given to Liao every year in the Northern Song Dynasty. Laiyuan alliance. (3) Background: Song Jun defeated the Liao army and the Liao army made peace; Because Song Zhenzong was afraid of war, he advocated peace. Comments: For the Northern Song Dynasty, this was a humiliating peace treaty, which increased the burden of the people in the Northern Song Dynasty, but objectively created a relatively stable production and living environment for the border people. The two sides carry out border trade and strengthen the ties between the border areas and the mainland. (4) People in the Northern Song Dynasty talked about the history of Qin's destruction of six countries during the Warring States Period. (5) The purpose is to let the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty learn from history and not repeat the withdrawal; The historical facts described in material 1, that is, the present situation that the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty blindly accepted "ancient coins" to bribe Liao for peace, are the background of Su Xun's "proving history". (1) "Yue Jiajun" is disciplined and brave. Achievements: In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiankang was recovered by the Jin Army, and later defeated the Jin Army in Yancheng to recover many lost lands. (2) The rule of the Song Dynasty was corrupt, and the rulers were afraid that the anti-gold forces would grow and threaten their own rule, so they compromised and surrendered. (3) no. National heroes refer to heroes who have made important contributions in the struggle against foreign aggression and safeguarding national interests. Jurchen and Han belong to the Chinese nation, and there is no distinction between aggression and being invaded. So Yue Fei should not be a national hero. As for Yue Fei, people have respected him for thousands of years, mainly because he insisted on the justice of resisting gold and showed lofty integrity in the process of resisting gold. 4.( 1) Yue Fei. Achievements: In the early Southern Song Dynasty, Jiankang was recovered from Jin Jun, and then defeated Jin Jun in Yancheng, recovering many lost lands. (2) Qin Gui who killed Yue Fei, an anti-gold hero. 5.( 1) The Song Dynasty (2) shows that the Taihu Lake basin where Suzhou and Huzhou are located has become an important granary in the Song Dynasty. 6.( 1) From the Western Han Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty, the population of the south gradually increased, and in the Song Dynasty it greatly surpassed that of the north, so the state relied on the south for taxation. (3) Reasons: The society in the south is relatively stable, and the farmers in the north moved south, bringing advanced production tools and technologies, and the natural conditions in the south are superior. (2) With the development of the southern economy, the economic center of China has shifted from the north to the south. 7.( 1) Overseas trade (2) The main reason is that the government encourages overseas trade and establishes municipal shipping companies in major ports for management. In addition, science and technology developed in Song Dynasty, especially shipbuilding technology ranked first in the world at that time, and the prosperity of shipbuilding industry also brought convenient conditions for overseas trade. 8.( 1) There were many foreign trade revenues in the Southern Song Dynasty, which played an important role in the fiscal revenue. (2) The financial revenue of the Southern Song Dynasty mainly came from the south and was characterized by the southeast region. The overseas trade in the Southern Song Dynasty was mainly concentrated in the south, and the foreign trade income was relatively large. In addition, the economic development of the south has surpassed that of the north, so the financial revenue of the Southern Song Dynasty mainly comes from the south. 9.( 1) Jiaozi, Sichuan area in the early Northern Song Dynasty. (2) Reason: At that time, metal money was still circulating in the market, which was inconvenient for people to carry. Function: conducive to business development. 10, (1) (hint: it can be explained around the characteristics of clothing and furniture) (2) bureaucrats, landlords or nobles. Reasons: First, it is impossible to have tomb murals and other ornaments in the graves of poor people. Second, the main characters in the painting have many servants and can't be ordinary people. Third, in Song Dynasty, laborers often wore small sleeve shorts, which were narrow, and only dignitaries would dress beautifully. (3) During this period, the characteristics of scholars, farmers, workers and businessmen engaged in this industry can be distinguished from the clothes they wear. There is a certain pattern in the arrangement of home furniture, that is, in the hall of a wealthy family, a table and two chairs are placed in the center in front of the screen for the guest and host to sit opposite each other, with four chairs on each side. 1 1, (1) Wang Anshi, celebrating New Year's Day (2) Hanging New Year pictures, sticking peach symbols, setting off firecrackers, wearing new clothes, and drinking Tu Su wine on the first day of the first month. 12, (1) Southern commercial scenes in Song Dynasty. (2) Commercial prosperity in the south, commercial activities are no longer restricted by geographical areas, and there are night markets and morning markets, and commercial activities are no longer restricted by time.