1 Furniture classification;
2 According to material selection; solid wood, rattan, soft body, glass, metal, density board,
3 According to style; Style, European classical, European modern, (Nordic Danish, Norwegian, German modern,) Chinese style,
Ming and Qing Dynasties, American style.
4 According to positioning; children, adults, urban White-collar functions.
5. Divided by era; classical, neoclassical, modern, fashionable, (post-modern).
6. Divided by price; high-end 100,000--1 million per set, Mid-range products are about 50,000 yuan, and low-end products are less than 10,000 yuan/set
The price point is essentially a promise to customers that the quality, functionality, and brand services of the products are worth the money.
The four major Furniture production base
1 Guangdong, modern furniture; such as Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Shunde, these mainly produce plate, glass, metal, modern European and Taiwanese style products.
2 Northeast , solid wood furniture; Shenyang, Heilongjiang, some cities produce solid wood furniture (Ash).
3 The product styles and workmanship quality of Sichuan panel furniture are slightly worse than those in Guangdong.
4 In addition, European-style white elephant veneer furniture in Beijing, Shanghai, and Wenzhou European-style furniture also have a certain market.
Blockboard
It is a middle board made of poplar and birch wood and is glued to solid wood on both sides. The veneer is made by high temperature and pressure.
This board has good nail-holding strength, tensile strength, is not easy to deform and is easy to process.
Manchurian ash
Characteristics of the material ;
1. Good flexibility, straight fibers, tensile strength, and strong water resistance.
2. Low conductivity to thermoelectricity, and the phenomenon of swelling and shrinkage with moisture is not obvious.
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3 Wood has natural color and beautiful patterns, and is easy to color and paint.
4 Wood has good craftsability
5 Wood is easy to join and process.
7 Trees can be cultivated artificially to make the forest continue to grow and expand.
Disadvantages of wood and methods to overcome them
1 Drying shrinkage and moisture expansion are the main disadvantages of wood. It can be alleviated
and overcome through artificial drying and other methods.
2. Wood is easy to burn and suffer from insect infestation and decay. The wood can be treated with fire retardation and anti-corrosion treatments. .
3 Wood has natural defects, such as knots, bug holes, and bends, and the diameter of the wood also has a certain limit that affects the utilization rate of the wood. You can pay attention to the reasonable use of the characteristics of the intentional joints of the wood during processing. Home
To overcome it.
4 Wood is an anisotropic material. Even wood of the same tree species has very different physical and mechanical properties due to different parts, making processing and use has been restricted. This defect does not exist in artificial boards.
5 Trees are slow to mature. Most of our country’s forests are in remote provinces and mountainous areas, which makes large-scale logging and transportation difficult. It brings a certain degree of difficulty.
Wood drying process
1 Wet material━Pallet━Natural drying━(Moisture reaches 25-35)━Artificial drying in the kiln━(Moisture reaches 8-12)━Storage for 15 days (stress relief) refers to the resurgence of moisture in secondary drying━Production in the workshop.
2 Air drying; natural drying
Artificial drying refers to drying in a specific building In an object or metal container, the temperature, humidity, and airflow speed of the drying medium are artificially controlled, mainly by using the convection heat transfer of the gas medium. The wood is processed, and the wood is heated to cause the water to evaporate. The hot airflow absorbs the water and then discharges it to the outside.
Process related knowledge
1 What is the reason for cracking and deformation of the product?
Due to incomplete drying and uneven moisture content, when the surrounding temperature and humidity change , the wood expands and shrinks, and is prone to cracking and deformation.
'Eliminate corrugation'
Control the difference in moisture content of each plate within lt; perform forced treatment on laminated lumber within 1. p>
Humidity balance means that under a certain temperature and humidity environment, the inside of the surface and the joints of the laminated wood will contain water
tend to be evenly dry.
2 Wood
Rays; on the cross-section of wood, you can see with the naked eye or a magnifying glass a series of slightly shiny broken lines that radiate from the center of the pith toward the bark. These lines are called wood rays.
3 Standard materials; parts that are planed on all sides and processed according to specifications are called standard materials. The standard moisture content of natural drying of standard materials before processing is 25-35 before it can enter artificial drying.
Formaldehyde release of furniture and environmental protection Standard
①E1 level<1.5 mg/L
②EO level<0.5 mg/L
③Super EO level<0-0.3mg/L Formaldehyde tends to Zero
What is the relationship between paint and paint?
Paint; a type of base paint,
Paint; (powder paint)-(metallic paint)- (Architectural coatings) - (furniture paints), etc., the word paint has a long history. In the early days, it referred to tung oil and lacquer. With the entry of organic polymer compounds, many new varieties of paints have been developed. "Paint" cannot summarize these new types of paints. The product only has this name. "Based paint" (abbreviation) "Paint"
Porous matt paint
After the wood products are painted with paint, the gloss of the paint film showing the wood tube pores is lower than 50 degrees Celsius. It is called pore matt paint.
Classification of wood furniture paints
① According to paint classification; there are two types: "physical drying" and "chemical drying".
It is divided into two types: NC nitrocellulose paint and water-based paint.
Chemistry is further divided into "PU" and "PE" polyester paint and "NV" light-cured paint
The advantages of "NC" paint are easy construction, fast drying, and long activation period. The soft gloss is suitable for semi-occlusive products.
Disadvantages: high cost, poor hand feel, low solid content, need to consume a lot of solvents, low water resistance, low heat resistance, especially poor chemical resistance.
② Water-based paint; advantages: moderate drying performance, long activation period, long durability, and is a green environmentally friendly paint.
Disadvantages: It is currently difficult to form a thick paint film due to technical problems, and the hardness is worse than that of "PU" paint.
"PU" paint: Advantages, excellent construction performance, high solid content, good transparency, elasticity and hardness, strong penetration, good filling ability, easy to polish, smooth and delicate paint film, excellent durability
It has good physical and chemical properties, good heat resistance and low cost. It is a paint widely used in the market currently.
Disadvantages: Paint mixing is more complicated than nitrocellulose paint and NC paint. It must be mixed in strict accordance with a fixed proportion, and the prepared mixture must be used up within a certain period of time, otherwise it will solidify on its own and cannot be used. Use causes waste.
Advantages of "PE" paint: fast drying speed, smooth, full and hard paint film, good filling and high transparency. Generally used in desk primer.
Disadvantages: poor elasticity, short activation period, brittle paint film that is difficult to repair if damaged, difficult to store (easy to damage equipment), poorer adhesion than PU paint.
Advantages of "UV" paint: high solid content, good hardness and transparency. It is cured by ultraviolet light in a few seconds.
Disadvantages: it is difficult to operate once it is made. .The damaged paint film is difficult to repair and smells loud. The toxin content is relatively high.
Wood moisture content % ratio expansion and contraction % ratio
Comparison of 10% dry wood.
The moisture content of the wood is 50%. The radial drying shrinkage of oak wood is 3.68%
The chordal drying shrinkage is 6.34% and the volumetric drying shrinkage is 10.96%
Company Laboratory
Ability to detect and control hazardous substance components. Such as formaldehyde, benzene, TDI. Detection of harmful free radical compounds. Quality monitoring and control of furniture accessories, paint (adhesion) (yellowing resistance) (scratch resistance)
(Anti-humidity and heat) (Anti-low temperature), etc.
Shopping guide skills
Purchasing motivation; The reason why customers buy a certain product is called purchasing motivation.
Sales points; in the sales process, the points that express the characteristics that most influence customers to purchase the goods are called key points.
Consultative service
is to guide the purchasing representative to sincerely help customers , no matter whether the customer can make a certain degree of choice based on product knowledge, the shopping guide must stand in the customer's position and consider the customer's needs.
Please give them the most practical help and advice so that they can buy with confidence.
Types of communication
Written, oral, physical,
Factors that affect communication.
Environment - provides a place for communication.
Atmosphere - whether the atmosphere is conducive to communication.
Content - whether the content of communication is Both parties are interested.
Communication methods - different types of objects determine different communication methods.
Personal status - mental outlook, clothing, personal hygiene, cultural quality.
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Essentials for participating in a conversation
Smile - Preparation to listen - Tone of voice - Eye contact. Body language coordination.
How to deal with errors caused by customer mistakes Complaints and complaints.
Be considerate and sympathetic - respectful attitude - clarify the facts tactfully
Briefly describe the type of customer entering the store
Lounging type: no clear intention to buy.
Inspection type: With intentions and plans.
Common sense of marketing and shopping guides
First of all, personnel must understand the true meaning of 4P.
4P, product---production process---process---material
5S service evaluation
5S smile---flexibility---simple---quick-- - Serious
After fully understanding the product, personnel must have a good working attitude and enthusiasm.
The shopping guide is the representative of the company, and his words and deeds represent a corporate image. When communicating with customers Pay attention to image and quality.
Five-way principle for answering the phone
Time-thing-place-person-reply
When communicating with customers Don't answer questions that are wrong. The language should be concise and to the point, and customers will understand it as soon as they hear it.
Body language:
When communicating with customers, you should observe their words and emotions and analyze their hearts.
In the minds of customers
1 is to spend less money to buy genuine products.
2. They are afraid that spending money will not buy good products.
This can improve your Product characteristics, features and benefits to customers, let the advantages of the product occupy their inner conflict. Stimulate customers' desire to buy, let customers compare the pros and cons themselves, put the advantages of the product into good quality, excellent after-sales service and your best shopping guide service attitude , then you are very close to success.
Selling products is also promoting yourself. If customers accept and trust you, you will have a high chance of accepting the product.
In the store, you will When contacting a new customer, you can share the same topic with them in the shortest time. This is something that ordinary shopping guides cannot do.
1. Focus on the topic of the other party to find ***Ming.
2 You can ask tentative questions to find out what you are talking about.
As an excellent shopping guide, you should have great learning ability and endurance, and be neither humble nor arrogant. Never tire of asking.
As an excellent shopping guide, you should know how many competitors there are in your sales market.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of your competitors? What. Which part poses a threat to your product? Feed back to your company in time to facilitate the company’s future sales operations.
After understanding your competitors, when customers compare their products with those of your competitors, you There are also rhetoric.
When shopping, you can compare your advantages with your opponent's shortcomings and let the customer compare his shortcomings and your advantages. The results of your advantages will be obvious. The shopping guide should not exaggerate and be realistic, and should not criticize you directly. Your customers will be disgusted by your opponents, and it will be bad if you rebel.
Everyone has vanity, as long as thoughtful people have to seize the interests of the brand.
During the shopping guide process, you should not argue with customers, or argue, or hurt their self-esteem. Or directly deny the other party's point of view, even if the other party is wrong, slowly guide them back to what kind of product is the best. p>
So the thought you conjure up will be easy for him to enter. Let him conjure up the illusion of using the product.
Intensify his desire to buy,
There may be many things every day of customers pass through you
store, but you will receive you very seriously and attentively. Even if you are tired when passing by, if you sit there for a while, you will sincerely smile until you get a glass of water and say it’s okay. Even if they don’t buy your product, they feel you. Sincere service and enthusiastic language will be greatly publicized in their life circle.
Customers have different personalities, which have a lot to do with their living habits. , you must master the way to communicate with them, such as the volume of speaking, the speed of rhythm. For example, a customer speaks slowly, but you speak very fast, and the next sentence comes before you can hear the first sentence clearly. In this way, customers will find it very tiring to communicate with you and cannot continue.
For some anxious customers, it would be too bad if you speak more slowly.
Be sure to follow the instructions. Communicate at the customer's language speed. Be concise and concise, so that customers will understand it as soon as they hear it.
In the sales process, there will be many people coming, including friends and relatives. It is necessary to find the right decision-maker, who has the decision-making power. You should also pay more attention to the words of the people around him. At this time, you are the seasoning among them. Make the whole atmosphere harmonious and harmonious, so that sales can be carried out.
The story in the eyes of the shopping guide
Your eyes can speak. When communicating with customers, your eyes are sincere, happy, sympathetic and omnipotent. Facial expressions are very important. You should practice more in front of the mirror. Practice until it becomes natural. Instinct.
The concept of sales
The so-called sales is the process of pricing, promotion and sales plan management of goods and services in order to satisfy individual or group goals through exchange.
To be precise, sales is a human activity that satisfies needs through the process of exchange. Exchange can only be realized when two parties participate, and each party has items of certain potential value. Sales through exchange are produced Utility, utility is satisfaction.
There are four kinds of utility for selling products: form utility, place utility, time utility, and ownership utility.
The importance of sales management
Exchange not only brings benefits to consumers, but also increases profits for enterprises. It is also a lifeline for any enterprise. Whether the sales method of enterprise applications is appropriate is directly related to whether the enterprise can occupy more Market share. Or whether more profits can be obtained.
Product promotion, promotion includes advertising, promotional activities, public relations, and sales activities such as sales promotion.
Market pricing, Positioning
Controllable factors market mix
Product pricing sales promotion
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※Target market※
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Resources, population, society, technology, competition, politics and law
Controllable factors are those that our sales staff can control; in order to achieve corporate goals, the sales management must You must carefully choose an appropriate strategy for each combination and according to certain market conditions. If you don't do it well, no one will care about the excellent products.
Market positioning
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Income of gender and age groups
Uncontrollable factors
It is the enterprise Things that cannot be controlled such as resources, population, socio-economic competition, politics and laws.
These are things that an enterprise management must develop and implement based on the environment.
There are also uncontrollable factors, namely the actions of your competitors and some variable factors such as inflation.
This means that the enterprise's information collection and analysis system must provide relevant uncontrollable factors in a timely manner. This allows the corporate management to adjust the combination of sales plans at any time to make the sales team suitable and adaptable to the target market.
The functions of the sales department
Stimulating demand: guiding buyers.
Provide services for needs:
Packaging, packaging is a silent salesman. Beautiful packaging can communicate the relationship between customers and the company, and can also create an illusion of purchasing behavior. Packaging can make customers unforgettable. This can not only expand sales, but also Reduce advertising costs.
Sales Management
Enterprise Sales Management
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Stimulating demand for demand Services
_____|______________ ______|______________
| | | | | | | | |
Advertising| Promotion| Pricing| | Storage Management|Order Management Shipping
| Research sales forecasts.
Responsibilities of the sales management department
Serve demand, limit and manage product inventory.
Preliminary market research and combination
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The population of the region, the living habits and cultural atmosphere of the Zhongjiao ethnic group, and the city’s main economic sources and resources have such enterprises, such as light industry and heavy industry.
The average annual income per person is food, housing, and transportation. What is the consumption level of the middle class? What is the area with more real estate? What is the average selling price of real estate? Compare the high and low levels and evaluate them with large, medium and small cities.
The city category and the mainstream of the city will form your Product positioning and pricing,
when doing market assessment and prediction, personnel positioning.
On the road to establishing brands across industries, corporate managers should pay attention to the importance of products in the minds of customers. The image and brand advantage are the key steps for a company to win. Remember that product quality is the root of the brand.
If you only focus on brand building and ignore quality, such brand advantage will be like a fortress on the sand dunes. Can't withstand any storm.
Trademark:
The trademark with the symbol R is a registered trademark. No individual department or enterprise has the right to use it. Violators will be punished by law. Sanctions.
Shopping guide corporate customer
Shopping guide is the diplomat of the company, acting as a mediator between the company and the customer, and a bridge between the two parties. When a customer and the company have a dispute, When conflicts or disputes occur, we must try to mediate and eliminate barriers so that both parties can maintain a good relationship.
Brand trademark patent
Brand refers to the trademark operated by the enterprise. In order to highlight the products it produces and manufactures, , processing, building, and selling goods. The names, words, logos, symbols, patterns, designs or combinations of the above used to identify the products and services of the enterprise or business unit become trademarks once legally registered.
When a company establishes its brand, it can establish a mutually beneficial, profitable, and prosperous relationship with its related product merchants.
Shopping Guide Skills Customer Classification
Instructions for Shopping Guide: lt;lt;Consumer Regulation promulgated in 1993
Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interestsgt; >Purchase motivation: Have the mentality of following the herd, the mentality of being gregarious, and herd refers to popular products.
Purchasing process: reveal how customers buy products, what is the best product to impress customers, induce and persuade, and understand the customer's mind Only by making different introductions to different customers can you make customers like you.
If you listen to what you say, you will like me. If you listen to what I say, you will like me.
In Among many customers, the children do not listen to him, and the wife does not listen to him, but when he is with you, he speaks very enthusiastically, because what he says is not interrupted by you. Not only do you listen attentively, but you also express your appreciation from time to time. As a result, you have already gained a loyal customer before the cucumbers are cold.
Establish a sense of search at any time
Master the principle of chaining and tap potential new customers through old customers , if it develops into a geometric trend, the success will be very great.
Shopping guide should be based on the customer's preferences, for example: what aspects do they like (brand, function, appearance, material, service, price), etc. It is necessary to Have clear insight into dividing potential customers into loyal customers, general customers and special customers.
Potential customers are further divided into early buyers and late buyers. As an excellent shopping guide, Yi Ming Employees must first learn to tactfully say no to customers and tactfully refuse unreasonable demands of customers.
Find the right decision-maker and the right decision-maker
That is, find the right person who will actually buy your product And the decision-maker, your customer may be a family or a business, who is the decision-maker in the family or business, and who has the right to make purchasing decisions. The situation may be complicated. If you talk to people without firmness, you may waste a lot of time. .As far as the family is concerned, you can tell it from the expressions and tone of the couple's conversation
. If the couple's relationship is mutual in decision-making, then you have to add flavor or recommendation in the middle.
Customer classification
1. Chatty type, (extroversion)
This type of customer likes to talk a lot, often talks about topics that have nothing to do with sales, and turns sales into chat. Salespeople who like customers must be patient and cannot act rashly and cannot interrupt customers at will (especially when the conversation is serious), otherwise the customer will be less happy and it will be detrimental to the sales. When the customer's topic deviates from the topic, the salesman should find an advantage. When the opportunity arises, the conversation will naturally turn to the topic of sales.
2 Silent type:
This type of customer is more introverted, less talkative and less excited, and is used to being unable to listen during interviews. People who like to open their mouths appear to be steady and assertive, so this type of customer is difficult to deal with. The reason why these customers are silent is that 1. they think that once they open their mouth, the shopping guide will pester them to persuade them to buy products, 2. the other party will not be able to figure out their true intentions, and 3. Due to his personality, he is not talkative by nature. 4. He deliberately does not let the other party talk much. He observes what is said and acts according to the situation. 6. He is wary of strangers and is inexperienced in purchasing and is afraid of being deceived. Therefore, for customers who do not like to talk, be sure to target them. Regarding their interests, hobbies and things they care about, let them talk first and ask them questions to induce them to talk. If they talk happily, the greater the hope of closing the deal.
Impulsive type:
This type of customer has poor self-control and can easily lose their mind due to stimulation from external factors. They are prone to act emotionally and often regret it afterwards. When dealing with this type of customer, attention should be paid to preventing the customer from becoming emotional when answering questions. The shopping guide should make the customer purchase rationally, otherwise the customer will remain calm. Sometimes there are unreasonable things that require changes to the order, causing unnecessary trouble.
Robust type:
This type of customer has strong self-control, is calm and rigorous in thinking, and has Opinions are not easily interfered by external factors. When purchasing goods, pay attention to the actual effectiveness of the goods, carefully listen and analyze every word of the shopping guide, ask in time when unclear, and do not make rash decisions about purchases. For this type of customers, many Pay attention to the authenticity of what you say. Make full use of evidence and don’t be smart and superfluous.
Resentful type:
This type of customer is extremely dissatisfied with the shopping guide because they have been cheated by the shopping guide. When or after sales, there is a
Certain deviations, shopping guides must have a good attitude and enthusiasm towards such customers, and must not complain or even maliciously attack customers. They must have a spirit of patience. Do not retaliate with teeth. Only by clarifying the truth of customer complaints can you successfully approach customers for sales. Product.
Friendly type:
This type of customer has a friendly and kind attitude towards the shopping guide. They should be careful not to get carried away because of the customer's enthusiasm and friendliness, and even ignore the sales etiquette. Don't be Being deceived by the customer's enthusiasm, they think that if the customer is interested in the product, they will buy it immediately without prompting the customer to make a purchase decision. The result is often a missed opportunity and a waste of time.
Doubtful type:
Most of the suspicious customers have this characteristic. They always have a skeptical attitude towards the words of the shopping guide. Convincing evidence, such as technical assurance from expert authorities, quality inspection certificates, high-quality product certificates, etc., or face-to-face demonstrations, so as to dispel customers’ doubts.
Smooth Type:
This type of customer is a veteran in the market. They are tactful, sophisticated and adaptable to changes. During the negotiation, they often use some tricks to induce the shopping guide to enter their complete set, and then make aggressive bargains or obtain unusual discounts. Purchasing conditions, when facing this type of customer, you must be cautious and pretend to be confused, so as to explore the other party's true and false situation and then win by surprise.
Showing off type:
This type of passer-by has three major characteristics,
lt; 1gt; Competitive and self-righteous, it is difficult to listen to other people’s suggestions and dissuasion.
lt; 2gt; Loves to argue with others and likes to impose his will on others.
lt; 三gt; They talk a lot and brag about themselves. They always make unreasonable comments about everything. They often preconceptions about salesmen that they are not trustworthy. Or they think that there is something wrong with the products they are selling, so when communicating with such customers, they always make unreasonable comments. Members should pay attention to their emotions. If there are differences during the discussion, do not force arguments. You should use rhetorical questions or indirect persuasion to guide the passersby towards your direction. At the same time, you should also present objective factual evidence to make them convinced. If some issues are irrelevant, Then you can give appropriate appreciation or affirmation to the customer's point of view to satisfy their competitive heart.
Picky type:
Some customers often pick and choose when buying things. It’s not that there’s something wrong with this, there’s something wrong with it. Even good products will have a lot of problems if they pick them up. It’s really hard to find fault with them. For example, some poorly qualified shopping guides will often get impatient and argue with them. To promote sales, etc. The shopping guide should take the trouble to explain the problems and questions to customers, emphasizing that the advantages of the product far outweigh its shortcomings. The flaws should not be covered up, so that the customer feels that there is no better or more suitable product than yours to meet his needs, so that He stops being picky and turns to purchasing issues.
Arrogant type:
This type of customer has an extremely arrogant attitude towards others. In particular, you should treat people with a lower status than yourself, so you are not easy to approach the shopping guide. You must not appear condescending but should be neither humble nor overbearing. During the shopping guide, you can give appropriate compliments and promotions to win favor and make the shopping guide go smoothly.
Stingy type:
This type of customer often fights with the shopping guide for small profits when purchasing. They always want to take advantage of it. When shopping with this type of customer, you should not be overly generous. . , to emphasize the high quality of the product. As the saying goes, you get what you pay for. At the same time, it is pointed out that the benefits the product brings to him far exceed his investment in the product, so as to avoid entanglement in the transaction and give him a little extra in the closing stage. benefits, and satisfy the desire for small profits.
Hesitant type:
This type of customer is hesitant when purchasing a product. They have difficulty making a choice over the function, price, style, and color of the product. Their appearance shows a strong desire to buy. Desire, but hesitant and hesitant in his heart. For such customers, shopping guides must show firm confidence to give customers a strong appeal.
Secondly, we must present factual basis and demonstrate the product to encourage customers to operate by themselves to enhance their purchasing confidence. Finally, customers must make reasonable judgments so that they understand that their judgments are correct and get rid of hesitation.
Decisive type:
This type of customer generally has a cheerful and bold personality, is strong-willed and independent, and has the spirit to stick to the end of things that are determined by their confidants without being sloppy in doing things. But sometimes you are impatient and even act rashly. When communicating with such customers, you should be concise and concise when introducing products, highlighting the key points, and remember to make long remarks to avoid customers being disgusted. You should also emphasize that friendship is not a business, and friendship with customers is more important than sales. This will be more effective. good.
Customer purchasing psychological characteristics and category classification
① Consumers with a consumption mentality refer to those who have formed relatively stable consumption based on past life traditions, cultural accomplishments, consumption habits, etc. Pointing people.
For example: If someone only drinks tea and does not drink any other juices, coffee, etc., and only drinks oolong tea in tea, and only drinks oolong tea products from Anxi, Fujian, it is obvious that this person is good at drinking tea. With a strong consumption mentality. If a company can find ways to make some consumers form a consumption pattern for its products, then the company will be successful.
Credit type:
The consumption pattern of this type of customers is caused by some famous brands. These customers only trust famous brands and think that the products of famous brands are all good, so they I admire brand A products of a certain factory, and I also believe in the products of factory B. In addition, I also have special trust in a certain store or a certain shopping guide. Every time I buy a product, I seem to have to go to a certain store or a certain shopping guide
No. People with this type of consumption mentality have relatively stable consumption psychology. It is very difficult to shake their purchasing habits with a new product even though it is no worse than famous brand products in all aspects.