The car window is an important part of the entire car body and is designed to meet the needs of lighting, ventilation and visibility of the driver and passengers in the car. Depending on the glass installation position, car windows include: front and rear wind windows, side windows and door windows. The shape, structure and quality of car windows have a great impact on the driver's field of vision, passenger comfort, aesthetic appearance and aerodynamic characteristics. The window structure is usually closed with a curved surface, and a rubber sealing strip is used to connect the window frame of the car body and the window glass. The sealing strip plays a sealing and buffering role to prevent damage to the windshield when the window frame is deformed due to the force of the vehicle body. Basic introduction Chinese name: Car window Chinese name: car window Brief description: The function of the windows set on the four walls of the car: to block wind and rain, but not block the view. Car windows, types, front and rear wind windows, ventilation windows, heat-insulating side windows , sunshade top window, car window material, glass, glass composition, classification, technological development, car window maintenance, car window defogging, electric car window failure and maintenance, car windows The front and rear windows of the car are usually used to facilitate The curved glass, which provides a good view and is beautiful, is embedded in the window frame with rubber sealing strips or attached to the window frame with a special adhesive. To facilitate natural ventilation, the side windows of a car can usually be moved up, down, or forward and back. Between the glass and the guide rail, there is a sealing groove made of woolen or flocked rubber. The side windows of some cars also use cylindrical glass that is beneficial to the layout of the car. Types of car windows are usually divided into four types: front and rear wind windows, ventilation windows, insulated side windows, and sunshade top windows. Front and rear wind windows The front and rear wind windows of a car usually use curved glass that is good for vision and beautiful. The front and rear wind windows of a car are also called front and rear windshields. Ventilation windows In order to facilitate natural ventilation, some cars are equipped with triangular ventilation windows on the doors. The triangular ventilation windows can rotate around a vertical axis. The front part of the window rotates towards the inside of the car and the rear part rotates towards the outside of the car, causing the air to form a vortex near it. And circulate around the car window. Insulated side windows: The side window glass is made of brown color or has a thermal insulation layer, which can keep the indoor heat insulated and provide a quiet and comfortable feeling. High-end passenger cars with complete air-conditioning, heating, ventilation and air-conditioning equipment often have side windows designed to be non-openable to improve the sealing of the body. Sunshade top window When the sunshade top window (also called car sunroof) and other windows are opened, the car interior can be connected to the outside world, close to the performance of a convertible, so that the occupants can fully enjoy the bright sunshine and fresh air in the sunny season. Air. Sunshade top windows can not only increase indoor illumination, but are also a more effective natural ventilation device. Car window material Glass Car glass is mainly used for windshields. As early as more than 80 years ago, glass had been installed on the Model T cars produced by the Ford factory in the United States. At that time, flat glass was installed on the front end of the car to protect the driver from wind and rain. In the decades since then, the glass industry has gradually become involved in the automotive industry, creating a variety of safety glass - laminated glass, tempered glass and regional tempered glass, which have greatly improved the performance of automotive glass. Laminated glass refers to using a transparent adhesive plastic film between two or three layers of glass, which combines the strength and toughness of plastic with the hardness of glass to increase the glass's resistance to breakage. Tempered glass refers to quenching ordinary glass to form a certain internal stress in the internal structure, thereby strengthening the strength of the glass. When broken by impact, the glass will split into small fragments with blunt edges, making it less likely to cause harm to the occupants. Area tempered glass is a new type of tempered glass. It has been specially treated so that when it is broken by impact, the cracks in the glass can still maintain a certain degree of clarity, ensuring that the driver's field of view is not affected. At present, automobile front windshields are mainly made of laminated tempered glass and laminated area tempered glass, which can withstand strong impact forces. The development of modern car appearance is closely related to the development of glass technology. As early as more than 40 years ago, the front windshield of cars had adopted a single-piece curved windshield, and the flat windshield was gradually abandoned. Today's car windshields are generally made into a large curved surface with a certain curvature up, down, left and right.

This kind of curved glass is a product with very high technical requirements, both in terms of processing and assembly, because it involves many issues such as vehicle type, strength, heat insulation, and assembly. Car windshields use curved glass, first from the perspective of aerodynamics. Because the normal speed of modern cars is mostly over 100 kilometers per hour, the oncoming airflow flowing through the curved glass can reduce eddies and turbulence, thereby reducing air resistance. Coupled with the smooth transition between the edge of the window frame and the surface of the car body, the glass and the car body are integrated into one, visually not only feeling the overall coordination and beauty, but also reducing the wind resistance coefficient of the entire vehicle. In addition, curved glass has high strength and can use thinner glass, which is of certain significance for lightweighting cars. The curved windshield of a modern car must have a high degree of flatness at the curved corners, without optical distortion, so that objects outside will not be deformed or dazzled when viewed from any angle on the driver's seat. In the past, car glass was usually decorated or protected with neat strips along the edge of the glass. Now the glass on cars uses ceramic glaze, the so-called "black frame line." Many car windshields are also coated, using a reflective coating process or improving the composition of the glass, allowing only the visible light of the sun to enter the cabin and blocking ultraviolet and infrared rays, which greatly reduces the heat suffering of the occupants. This kind of modern car glass, called "green glass", has been widely used. The safety performance of car windshields is very important. Not to mention the danger to the body of the occupants if the safety performance is low, it is also to the car itself. If the windshield has cracks or obvious shelter spots, it will be like a disfigured face, seriously damaging the appearance of the entire vehicle. Therefore, the safety requirements for car windshields must be very high. Glass composition: Generally, automobile glass uses silicon glass, the main component of which is silicon oxide with a content of more than 70%, and the rest is composed of sodium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium, etc., and is made through the float process. During the production process, the material melts when heated to a temperature of 1500°C. The solution is poured into the suspension tank (liquid tin) when passing through the refining zone at about 1300°C, and is cooled to about 600°C. At this stage, two parallel sides of particularly good quality are formed. The planar body (the upper surface is the solution plane and the lower surface is the upper surface of the liquid tin), passes through the cooling zone to form glass and is cut into specified sizes. The glass is then further processed into tempered glass (TSG) or laminated glass (LSG). Classification The finished product automotive glass should have no obvious bubbles or scratches in appearance. In order to ensure the quality of automotive glass, the industry divides automotive glass into four categories according to process processing: Class A and Class B laminated glass, regional tempered glass and tempered glass. Among them, Class A laminated glass has the highest safety performance. National standards stipulate that the front windshield must use Class A laminated glass, Class B laminated glass or regional tempered glass. Their codes in the certification marks are LA, LB, and Z. The certification marks are screen printed, sandblasted, etc. The process is permanently marked on the lower corner of the glass. The code for tempered glass is T, which can only be used in positions other than the front windshield. Glass with LA, LB, and Z marks can be applied to all glass positions in the car. Technology Development As automotive glass technology develops, new windshield technologies are also emerging. For example, it can reduce the impact of sunlight on the interior of a car and improve the level of comfort. The currently widely used "green glass" uses a reflective coating process or improves the composition of the glass to allow only the visible light in the sun to enter the cabin and block ultraviolet and infrared rays. There is currently a kind of anti-infrared radiation silver film glass, which adds silver-coated films to multiple pieces of laminated glass. Its infrared reflectivity is 48. When sunlight passes through this seemingly ordinary glass, light and heat are reduced by 23%. This kind of glass actually plays the role of heat insulation and energy saving, which can relatively reduce air conditioning energy loss. In addition, car windshields in cold northern areas are prone to fogging and freezing. A heated car glass can solve this problem. In this kind of glass, extremely small and almost invisible electric heating wires are made into a wave shape and placed on the plastic adhesive film in the laminated glass, and are connected to the circuit through resistors. The car window heating wire has a certain heating range, and the thermal power can reach 3-5 watts/square centimeter, which plays the role of anti-frost, anti-fogging, and anti-freezing.

Maintenance of car windows: Defogging of car windows 1. Open the car windows appropriately to allow air circulation inside and outside the car and keep the temperature consistent, which can prevent fog from condensing on the surface inside the windshield. 2. Turn on the air conditioner, adjust the temperature in the cabin, and eliminate fog on the windshield. 3. Once fog condenses on the windshield and affects your vision, do not wipe it while driving. You should stop and wipe it with a clean towel before driving. 4. Apply a thin layer of glycerin, alcohol or salt water as an anti-fogging agent on the windshield to prevent the inner surface of the windshield from fogging up in the short term. 5. Pour a little detergent on a damp cloth and wipe it evenly on the inner side of the windshield, which can effectively keep it from fogging for 20 hours. When the weather clears or visibility improves, simply wipe off the liquid film on the windshield with a clean wet towel. Failure and maintenance of electric windows 1. The reason why the electric windows do not operate smoothly is mostly because the oil in the lift inside the door is exhausted. The inner cover should be removed and oiled. 2. If the glass fails to move at all, the switch may be faulty. If the switch is faulty, it can only be replaced. 3. If the electronic device does not operate, it is common sense to check the fuse. Double check which fuse is for the power windows. 4. When the operation of the switch deteriorates and the car window cannot be opened smoothly, the possibility of switch failure is very high. 5. Before refueling the internal mechanical device, first remove the inner cover. Remove the hidden screws and remove the snap-action switch. 6. Remove the inner cover and peel off the waterproof plastic paper underneath to expose the window lift mechanism. 7. Spray grease on the inside of the arm fulcrum and gear. By moving it up and down while spraying, you can coat even the smallest parts. 8. The slider parts supporting both ends of the glass also need to be inspected. When the sliding condition between glass and thermal conductivity is poor, brightener can be applied. 9. In order for the glass to slide smoothly, it is important to minimize resistance. The stain on the glass will also become a resistance, so the windows should be kept clean at all times.