Guo Feng Qin Feng Xiao Rong

Xiao Rong's collection, five beams and feet. Wandering around the ring and threatening to drive, Yin Yi continues. Wen Yinchang hub, driving me. Speaking of a gentleman is as warm as jade. In its board house, it's confusing my heart.

there are four cavities and six bridles in hand. Is it in the middle? The jackals are jackals. The combination of the dragon and the shield, and the shackles. Speak of a gentleman, and be warm in the city. For what period? Hu Ran, I read it.

there are many holes. Meng Fei has a garden, and the tiger is carved. Cross two bows, and bamboo closes the vines. Speaking of a gentleman, carrying a bed and carrying it. Tired of loving people, rank is virtuous.

Translation

The chariot is light and small, with five pimps wrapped around the shaft. The traveling ring threatens to drive the horse back, and pulls the belt to wear the copper ring. The cushion pattern is beautiful, the hub is long, and the riding whip is young. Missing my husband is good and gentle like jade. Living in a wooden house makes me upset and sad.

Ma Jian, the four male horses, is strong, and his rider holds six reins. Green horse and red horse in the middle, yellow horse and dark horse on both sides. Dragon shields are joined together, and copper rings and ropes are strung together. I miss my husband's good character and how warm he is at home. When is his return day? Let me miss him for a long time.

The four horses are light-footed and coordinated, and the handle of the triangular spear is inlaid with copper sleeves. The huge shield is beautifully patterned, and the tiger skin bow cover is carved with gold. The two bows are staggered in the bag, and the bow is wrapped with bow rope. I miss my husband's good character, and I feel anxious if I wake up and sleep. Quiet and gentle, good husband, polite and high reputation.

note

Xiao Rong: personnel carrier. Because the carriage is small, it is called Xiaorong.

collect: shallow carriage. Hey, shallow; Take it. The wood that is surrounded on all sides is called \ qi \

five-step: leather is wrapped around the shaft to form an X-shape, which plays the role of reinforcement and decoration.

beam: curved shaft.

wandering ring: a movable ring. Located on the horse's back.

co-drive: a pimp, which is tied to the balance at the top and tied to the chariot at the back, which restricts the entry of horses and horses.

ytterbium: leather leading the car forward.

continue: fasten the belt tightly with a ring plated with white copper. White copper; Go on, go on.

Wen Yin: Tiger skin cushion.

smooth hub: long hub. Hub, a log in the center of a wheel with a round hole in it for inserting an axle.

qi: a horse with a blue-black checkered pattern.

⑷: A horse with white left hind hoof or all four hooves.

words: yes.

gentleman: refers to the husband who joined the army.

Warm as jade: A woman describes her husband's temperament as warm as jade.

board house: a house built with boards. There are many forests in Qin, so there are many wooden houses. Here it refers to Xirong (now Gansu area).

heart melody: deep in the heart.

stallion: male horse.

hole: what.

fu: hypertrophy.

bridle: the reins. There are four horses in one car, one for the inner two horses, two for the outer two horses, and six for * * *.

Zhu: a naked and black horse, that is, a jujube horse.

　? Huang Ma Darkmouth.

Li: dark horse.

鸘: two horses on the outside of the shaft are called 鸘.

dragon shield: a shield for painting dragons.

close: two shields are hung on the car together.

ju: a ring with a tongue.

bridle: the bridle rope of the two horses inside. Pass the tongue through the belt to fix the bridle rope in the horse.

city: the city of Qin.

party: will.

period: refers to the return period.

Hu Ran: Why?

Xi: Four horses in thin golden armor.

kong qun: the horses are very harmonious.

spear: a spear with a three-edged blade.

Lu: the metal sleeve at the lower end of the spear handle.

Meng: Draw messy feathers.

cutting: shield.

garden: patterns.

Hu Wei: the arch sac of tiger skin.

engraving: engraving patterns in front of the arch sac.

cross two bows: two bows, one to the left and the other to the right, staggered in the bag.

cross: cross each other;

ying: used as a verb to talk about "hiding".

close: bow. Made of bamboo, the bow is tied in the bow to prevent damage after the string is unloaded.

loop: rope.

here: twining.

Sleeping with pleasure: Sleeping with pleasure, restless.

disgust: quiet and soft appearance.

lover: refers to a woman's husband.

rank and rank: there is courtesy, and when you say it, you are smart and wise.

Deyin: Good reputation.

Appreciation

According to the view of most modern scholars, this is a poem in which the wife misses the husband. When Qin Shi goes to war, his family will see him off, and the wife of the recruiter will be among them. Afterwards, she recalled the spectacular scene when her husband went to war at that time, and then recalled the scene after her husband left home, recalling the beautiful image left by her husband, hoping that he would make contributions, win a good reputation and win a glorious triumph. Between the lines, full of admiration and yearning.

This poem embodies the characteristics of "Qin Feng". In the state of Qin, martial arts became a common practice, and it became fashionable for men to join the army and serve the country. Just as this poem boasts about how powerful the Qin division is, how well equipped it is, and how spectacular its lineup is, it is a major feature of Qin Feng that the whole country advocates military affairs and shows off its force. The woman described in the poem, what she sees in her eyes and what she thinks in her heart, bears the brand of "Qin Feng". In her mind, her husband is a handsome and brave man. He drives a chariot, conquers Xirong, contributes to the country, and is praised by the Chinese people. She is honored to have such a husband. She missed her husband who joined the army, but she didn't hold him back, and she didn't show such sad feelings as "poor bones beside the river with no definite boundary, still living in a dream of spring" (West Gansu by Chen Tao), that is, Zhu Shouliang, a modern man, said, "refused to make such a disappointing remark" (Comments on the Book of Songs).

This poem adopts the writing method of "real first, then imaginary", that is, writing what the woman sees first, then writing what the woman thinks. On the day of Qin Shi's expedition, she went to see her off, and saw the lineup of the expedition team, which was very spectacular: the chariot array was strong in Ma Zhuang, with excellent weapons, and her husband was driving with a whip, ready to go, just like an ancient chariot array. The scene after the departure of the team is a woman's association, which includes both the assumption of the scene of recruiting a husband and her own thoughts about recruiting a husband.

In terms of the composition structure, the author carefully arranged the whole poem. The poem has three chapters, ten sentences in each chapter and four words in each sentence. The first six sentences of each chapter praise the spectacular lineup of Qin division's personnel carriers, and the last four sentences express women's feelings of thinking of you. The first six sentences focus on the description of objective things; The last four sentences focus on the expression of personal feelings. From the specific content written in each chapter, each has its own emphasis and few similarities. Look at the first six sentences of each chapter: the first chapter is about car system, the second chapter is about driving, and the third chapter is about weapons. Looking at the last four sentences of each chapter, although they all mean "speaking as a gentleman", there are still changes in expression and expression. For example, writing a woman's impression of a husband: the first chapter is "warm as jade", describing her husband's temperament as warm as jade; The second chapter is "Wen Qi is in the city", saying that his husband is gentle and honest, and he joined the army for border defense; The third chapter is "dislike of lovers", which means that the husband is quiet and soft. Another example is to write about women's missing psychology. The first chapter is "messing with my heart", which means that thinking about him makes me upset. The second chapter is "How long will it last?" When will he return? I am very anxious to see his husband return. The third chapter is "Sleeping for Happiness". trouble sleeping's sudden sleep and sudden rise show that she misses her day and night. The author arranges the content in this way, which is neither identical nor coherent. Although the format is the same, the connotation is different. Love is like a thing, and it's wonderful. This makes the structure of the whole poem orderly and not dull.

Creative background

There are roughly the following views on the theme and creative motivation of this poem: 1. Praise Qin Xianggong's theory (Preface to Mao's Poems, etc.); 2. Praise Qin Zhuanggong's theory (Poem's Ancient Micro); 3. Comfort the doctor's theory (Poem's Biography); 4. Hurt Wang Zheng's theory of decline (Poem's Old Cause). Modern scholars generally take the theory of missing the husband. Xiaorong's original text, translation and appreciation 2

Xiaorong

Dynasty: Pre-Qin

Author: anonymous

Original text:

Xiaorong's collection, five twists and turns. Wandering around the ring and threatening to drive, Yin Yi continues. Wen Yinchang hub, driving me. Speaking of a gentleman is as warm as jade. In its board house, it's confusing my heart.

there are four cavities and six bridles in hand. Is it in the middle? The jackals are jackals. The combination of the dragon and the shield, and the shackles. Speak of a gentleman, and be warm in the city. For what period? Hu Ran, I read it.

there are many holes. Meng Fei has a garden, and the tiger is carved. Cross two bows, and bamboo closes the vines. Speaking of a gentleman, carrying a bed and carrying it. Tired of loving people, rank is virtuous.

Translation and Notes:

Author: Anonymous

Translation

A light chariot has a shallow carriage with five belts tied to it. The horse's back has rings and buckles, and the lead car has rings and white copper inlay. The tiger skin mattress has a long hub, and the flower horse drives a white hoof. I miss my husband's good character and gentle temperament. He went to join the army and lived in a shack, which really upset me.

Ma Zhuang, a four-horse male, is tall and holds six reins in his hand. Green horse and red horse drive in the middle, while Huang Ma dark horse runs on both sides. The dragon shield is double-folded, and the inner rope is covered with copper rings. I miss my husband's good character, but I hate being far away from the border. When can I come home? How can you think that he is not worried?

The armor of the four horses is light, and the handle of the triangular spear is covered with copper. Bird feathers are painted on the shield, and tiger skin arches are carved. The two bows intersect and are inserted into the bag, and the bamboo bow frame is wrapped around the rope. I miss my husband's good character, and I feel uneasy when I sleep and sit up. Gentle and quiet, my husband, is well-known for his courtesy.

note

(1) Xiao Rong: personnel car. Because the carriage is small, it is called Xiaorong. Jiàn sword: shallow carriage. Hey, shallow; Take it. The wood that is surrounded on all sides is called \ qi \

(2) mü wood: leather is wrapped around the shaft to form an X-shape, which plays the role of reinforcement and decoration. Fifth, the ancient prose is X. Liang Shu (zhōu Zhou): Quyuan.

(3) Walking ring: a moving ring. Located on the horse's back. Co-drive: a pimp, tied to the balance at the top and tied to the back, which restricts the entry of horses and horses.

(4) ytterbium (y √ n seal): leather leading the car forward. Continued: Fasten the belt tightly with a ring plated with white copper. White copper; Go on, go on.

(5) Wen Yin: Tiger skin cushion. Chang hub (G Gu): Long hub. Hub, a log in the center of a wheel with a round hole in it for inserting an axle.

(6) Qi: a horse with a blue-black checkered pattern. Zhù: A horse with white left hind hoof or all four hooves.

(7) words: yes. Gentleman: refers to the husband who joined the army.

(8) Warm as jade: A woman describes her husband's temperament as warm as jade.

(9) Board house: a house built with wooden boards. There are many forests in Qin, so there are many wooden houses. Here it refers to Xirong (now Gansu area).

(1) Heart melody: deep in the heart.

(11) stallion: male horse. Kong: What? Fu: hypertrophy.

(12) bridle: reins. There are four horses in one car, one for the inner two horses, two for the outer two horses, and six for * * *.

(13) liú Liu: a naked and black horse, that is, a jujube horse.

　（14）? (guā Gua): Darkmouth, Huang Ma. Li: Dark horse. Φ: Two horses on the outside of the shaft are called Φ.

(15) Dragon shield: a shield painted with dragons. Close: two shields are hung on the car.

(16) jué: a ring with a tongue. Nyna: the bridle rope of the two horses inside. Pass the tongue through the belt to fix the bridle rope in the horse.

(17) city: the city of Qin.

(18) party: will. Period: refers to the return period.

(19) Hu Ran: Why?

(2) Four horses in thin golden armor. Kong Qun: The horses are very harmonious.

(21) qiú qiu spear: a spear with a triangular blade on its head. Du (duì team): metal sleeve at the lower end of spear handle.

(22) Meng: Draw messy feathers. Cut: shield. Garden (yūn halo): pattern.

(23) Hu Wei (singing by chàng): the arch sac of tiger skin. Engraving: Carving patterns in front of the arch sac.

(24) Two bows crossed: two bows, one to the left and the other to the right, staggered in the bag. Cross: cross each other; Ying: used as a verb, as a "Tibetan" talk.

(25) close: bow. Made of bamboo, the bow is tied in the bow to prevent damage after the string is unloaded. Gǔn roll: rope. Heng (Teng): Bundle.

(26) Sleeping and rejuvenating: Sleeping and rejuvenating, getting up and sleeping restlessly.

(27) disgust: quiet and soft appearance. Lover: refers to a woman's husband.

(28) rank rank: there is courtesy, and when you say smart, you are more intelligent. Deyin: Good reputation.

Appreciation:

Author: Anonymous

About the theme of this poem, there are roughly the following views: 1. Praise Qin Xianggong's theory (Preface to Mao's Poems, etc.); 2. Praise Qin Zhuanggong's theory (Wei Yuan's Poems in Ancient Times); 3. Comfort Dr. Rong's theory (Feng Fang's Biography of Poems). It is more reasonable to miss the husband's theory.

In the early years of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Xirong was constantly harassed, so Qin Xianggong, under the orders of the Emperor of Zhou, led an army to crusade against Xirong and seized hundreds of miles of land, which not only relieved the threat of Xirong, but also strengthened the sphere of influence of Qin. Although the content written in Xiao Rong is related to the historical facts mentioned above, it does not mean that this poem is a direct praise of Qin Xianggong, and the two cannot be confused.

This is a poem in which a wife misses her husband. When Qin Shi goes to war, his family will see him off, and the wife of the recruiter will be among them. Afterwards, she recalled the spectacular scene when her husband went out to war at that time, and then recalled the scene after her husband left home, recalling the beautiful image left by her husband, hoping that he would make contributions, win a good reputation and return triumphantly. Between the lines, full of admiration and yearning.

This poem embodies the characteristics of "Qin Feng". In the state of Qin, martial arts became a common practice, and it became fashionable for men to join the army and serve the country. Just as this poem boasts about how powerful the Qin division is, how well equipped it is, and how spectacular its lineup is, it is a major feature of Qin Feng that the whole country advocates military affairs and shows off its force. The woman described in the poem, what she sees in her eyes and what she thinks in her heart, bears the brand of "Qin Feng". In her mind, her husband is also a handsome and brave man. He drove a chariot, conquered Xirong, contributed to the country, and was praised by the Chinese people. She was also honored to have such a husband. She missed her husband who joined the army, but she didn't hold him back, and she didn't show such sad feelings as "poor bones beside the river with no definite boundary, still living in a dream of spring" (West Gansu by Chen Tao), that is, Zhu Shouliang, a modern man, said, "refused to make such a disappointing remark" (Comments on the Book of Songs).

This poem adopts the writing method of "real first, then imaginary", that is, writing what the woman sees first, then writing what the woman thinks. On the day of Qin Shi's expedition, she went to see her off, and saw the lineup of the expedition team, which was very spectacular: the chariot array was strong in Ma Zhuang, with excellent weapons, and her husband was driving with a whip, ready to go, just like an ancient chariot array. The scene after the departure of the team is a woman's association, which includes both the assumption of the scene of recruiting a husband and her own thoughts about recruiting a husband.

In terms of the composition structure, the author carefully arranged the whole poem. The poem has three chapters, ten sentences in each chapter and four words in each sentence. The first six words of praise in each chapter