Radish: (Luó bo) (Raphanus sativus L.), also known as radish, belongs to the plant kingdom, Cruciferae, Raphanus L. Annual and biennial herbs. The root is fleshy, rectangular, spherical or conical, and the root bark is red, green, white, pink or purple. The stem is erect, stout, cylindrical, hollow and branched from the base. Usually the big head is pinnately divided, coarse hair, with 1 ~ 3 pairs of lateral lobes, serrated or notched edges; The upward gradient in the stem is very small, not cracked or slightly cracked, and the stem is not tightly fastened. Racemes, terminal and axillary. These flowers are pale pink or white. Silique, non-dehiscent, nearly conical, straight or slightly curved, beaded with interspecific constriction, with a long beak at the top, 2.5 ~ 5cm long, and spongy fruit wall. 1 ~ 6 seeds, reddish brown, round, with fine mesh. Originated in China, it is cultivated all over the country, with a wide variety, including carrots, green radish, white radish, water radish and Xinmei. Seeds, fresh roots and leaves can all be used as medicine, which can relieve qi under the action. Raw radish contains amylase, which can help digestion. What we eat is roots.
Annual and biennial herbs. The root is fleshy, rectangular, spherical or conical, and the root bark is red, green, white, pink or purple. The stem is erect, stout, cylindrical, hollow and branched from the base. Usually the big head is pinnately divided, coarse hair, with 1 ~ 3 pairs of lateral lobes, serrated or notched edges; The upward gradient in the stem is very small, not cracked or slightly cracked, and the stem is not tightly fastened. Racemes, terminal and axillary. These flowers are pale pink or white. Silique, non-dehiscent, nearly conical, straight or slightly curved, beaded with interspecific constriction, with a long beak at the top, 2.5 ~ 5cm long, and spongy fruit wall. 1 ~ 6 seeds, reddish brown, round, with fine mesh. Carrots generally have sexual reproduction; As for asexual reproduction, it is theoretically possible.
Radish has a main root system with a depth of 60 cm- 180 cm, and the main root groups are distributed in the soil layer of 20 cm-45 cm. The fleshy root of radish is the storage organ of assimilation products, and its skin color is white, pink, purple and turquoise. The former Soviet Union and France also have black radish. The color of pulp is white, turquoise, purple and so on. During the vegetative growth period, the leaves of radish cluster on the shortened stems. Leaf-shaped upper leaves (loquat leaves) and mosaic (large pinnately divided leaves). Leaf color can be divided into light green, thick green, bright green and dark green. Leaf blade erect, semi-erect, spreading. After the development of radish plants, the flower stems from terminal buds are the main stems, white radish flowers are mostly white or purple, green radish flowers are mostly purple, and carrot flowers are mostly white. Radish fruit is pod, and it does not crack when it matures. Each fruit has 3- 10 seeds, so threshing is labor-intensive. There are generally two kinds of seed coat: reddish brown and yellowish brown, and the depth varies with varieties. Many places have the law of red seed, white radish and yellow seed carrot. The 1000-grain weight is 7.0g-13.8g. ..
The radish cultivated in China is botanically called China radish, which has been popular since ancient times and has spread all over the country in the Ming Dynasty. Over the years, many excellent varieties have been formed, among which Northeast Green Star Carrot and Tianjin Green radish are one of the local excellent varieties.
Species classification
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Funan Tian Ji radish:
Tianji radish is produced in Changshou Village, Tianji Town. Irrigation by high-quality groundwater from 72 ancient wells. Its products are characterized by thin skin, rich juice, tender and crisp meat, and raw food wins fruit. Is a typical local specialty, registered in the industrial and commercial sector "Tian Jian" brand trademark. On April 16, 2002, experts from 9 units, including the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Agriculture, fully affirmed the quality of Tianji radish, which was recommended by the secretariat of the Coastal and Midwest Specialty Supply Cooperative Development Association. "Tian Jian" brand fruit radish was listed as a product developed by the "Key Federation" in the "Central and Western Coastal Areas" supply and marketing cooperatives system by the expert committee of the joint meeting of directors of the county, city and district economic and trade commissions. Tianji Town was awarded the honorary title of "Hometown of Characteristic Resources" by the Expert Committee of the State Economic and Trade Commission.
Small carrot
Northeast carrot:
Northeast carrot is a kind of radish; It is a specialty of northeast China. It belongs to "Cruciferae Radish", an annual or biennial herb with fleshy roots, spherical roots, red skins and white or light pink roots. Carrots in Northeast China are warm in nature and enter the lung and stomach meridians, and have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting diuresis to remove blood stasis, invigorating the stomach and promoting digestion, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, promoting qi circulation to relax bowels, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, tonifying the middle energizer and calming the nerves. Due to the climate and varieties, carrots in Northeast China have high nutritional value and medicinal value.
Maidiwan is a natural village bay in the low mountain area in the middle of huangpi district, Wuhan. It is adjacent to Wuyun Mountain in Mulan on the left and Yuanjisi Reservoir on the right, and it is close to Eight Scenes of Mulan, Jinligou and Dayuwan. Hills are surrounded by hills, shaped like a squashed basin. A small stream originates from the south side of Wuyunshan main peak mine and meanders through the village. The local ancestors built small fields with stones on both sides of the stream.
In the mid-Yuan Dynasty, local people began to grow radishes. The unique mountain environment, special soil, clear mountain spring water, no industrial pollution, and the application of farmyard manure make the radish here superior to ordinary radish in moisture and sugar, and be regarded as an aristocrat in vegetables. It was given to the royal family as a tribute in the Ming Dynasty. White sail in Maidiwan radish was compared with white marble and Texin white marble. The results show that "white sail" has obvious advantages in soluble sugar, vitamin C and crude protein. This shows that radish in Maidiwan is more nutritious.
Weixian radish
The traditional name of Weifang Radish is "Weixian Radish" because Lao Wei County is a part of Weicheng District and Kuiwen District of Weifang City. It is said that wei county radish seeds were planted in other places, but the results were unsuccessful. The reason is that the soil and water are different. There are even rumors that Weifang radish is just a small piece of land.
However, according to relevant research, wei county radish has fine products. Its origin is: "after Gong Bei, before Gong Bei, Guo Zhuangzi, Liu Jiayuan." The so-called Gong Bei is in the front, that is, the north-south direction of Gong Bei; Guojiazhuang is in the east of Gong Bei and Liu Jiayuan is in the west of Gong Bei. In other words, the radish produced by the land around Gong Bei is an excellent product. The original site of Gong Bei is in the area of Weifang No.1 Vocational Middle School. Weifang radish has been cultivated for more than 300 years, and its varieties have also formed three strains: Daying, Xiaoying and Yinger. The characteristics of the three strains are basically similar, the leaves are all mosaic, each leaf has 8- 10 pairs of leaves, and the leaves are dark green.
The fleshy roots are all cylindrical, the aboveground part accounts for three quarters of the total length, which is turquoise, and the underground part accounts for one quarter, which is white. This is the difference between wei county radish and other varieties.
Weixian radish, the best, is six inches high and one and a half inches in diameter. Its cherry leaves are green, its skin is dark green, its tail is white, its flesh is green, and there is no white chaff flower. It is fragrant, juicy, sweet, slightly spicy and very delicious. Weixian radish can be eaten as a vegetable or raw. Cooking can be fried, mixed, stewed and pickled, and it is one of the main vegetables in autumn, winter and spring. Locals like to eat raw food, and tourists at home often treat them with cigarettes, tea and radishes. Regular consumption has the functions of resolving phlegm, clearing away heat and toxic materials, invigorating spleen and regulating qi, and helping digestion. There is a local saying that "eating radish and drinking tea does not require a doctor to take medicine". Wei county radish contains a lot of vitamins, and it does have a health care function.
Tianjin green radish
Tianjin Green Radish, also known as Wei Qing Radish, is a general term for Shawo Radish, Gegu Radish and Grey Radish. It is a green raw food. Slender cylinder with emerald green skin and jade white tail. The upper part of the whole radish is sweet, with less spicy taste, and finally the spicy taste gradually increases. It is an excellent local variety and extremely resistant to storage.
Rugao radish
Thousands of years ago, Rugao people began to grow radishes. According to legend, during the Taihe period of the Tang Dynasty (827-836 AD), monks in Dinghui Temple in Rugao used their own white radish as a tribute, but white radish was called radish seed. Later, with the delay of time, the cultivation of radish was also popularized in Rugao. "Rugao County Records" (compiled in the light years of the Qing Dynasty, AD 1750) records: "Radish, there are two kinds of radish, red and white, which can be planted in all seasons. Only the last one is good at first, and it is edible in sundries. Those born in sand are sweet and crisp, and those born in barren soil are hard and spicy. " Among the radishes planted, white radishes are the main ones.
Rugao is located in the Shanghai metropolitan area in the Yangtze River Delta, bordering the Yellow Sea in the east and the Yangtze River in the south. Excellent climatic conditions and sandy soil are suitable for radish planting. Nowadays, "Rugao Radish" is famous at home and abroad for its thin skin, tender meat, juicy taste, less lignin and no residue in chewing. Proverbs such as "Radish is crisp and crisp, and you can live for hundreds of years after eating it", "Pears in Laiyang and apples in Yantai are not as good as radish skins in Rugao", "Eating radish and drinking tea makes doctors climb all over the street" and "Radish in Rugao is better than Sydney" have long spread with Rugao radish.