Scotch whiskey is one of the three famous distilled spirits, along with Moutai liquor produced exclusively in Moutai Town, Renhuai City, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, and French Cognac. Scotland has been producing whiskey for 500 years. Its products have a unique style, with a color of brownish yellow and red, clear and transparent, a burnt smell, a certain smoky flavor, and a strong Scottish local flavor. Scotch whiskey has the characteristics of dry, mellow, strong, round and soft taste. It is one of the best whiskeys in the world. The main criterion for measuring Scotch whiskey is the olfactory experience, that is, the aroma of the wine. Scotch whiskey can be divided into three types: single malt whiskey, grain whiskey and blended whiskey. Currently, the most popular, largest-produced, and most-branded whiskey in the world is blended whiskey. Sixty percent of the raw materials for Scotch blended whiskey come from grain whiskey, and the rest is added from malt whiskey. Scotch whiskey is restricted by British law: only whiskey that is brewed and blended in Scotland can be called Scotch whiskey. Its technological feature is to use local peat as fuel to dry malt, then crush, cook, saccharify, ferment and then distill in a pot still to produce about 70% colorless whiskey, which is then filled with charred oak inside. In barrels, it can be stored for five years or even longer. Many of these brands have whiskeys that have been aged for more than ten years. Finally, it is blended and blended into a finished product with an alcohol content of about 40% before leaving the factory. The reasons why Scotch whiskey is world-famous are: first, the climate and geographical conditions of the famous whiskey producing areas in Scotland are suitable for the growth of the crop barley; second, there is a type of coal called peat contained in these places, which Coal emits a unique smoky smell when it burns. Peat is formed by the long-term decay and carbonization of local mosses. This peat is required for baking in the traditional craft of making whiskey in Scotland. malt. Therefore, one of the characteristics of Scotch whiskey is its unique peat-smoked aroma. Third, Scotland is rich in high-quality mineral water, which lays the foundation for the dilution and blending of wine. The last point is that the Scots have traditional brewing techniques and strict quality management methods. There are four main whiskey-producing regions in Scotland, namely: the northern Highlands (Highland), the southern lowlands (Lowland), the southwest Campbeltown (Campbeltown) and the western island Islay (Islay). There are nearly a hundred single malt whiskey distilleries in the Northern Highlands, accounting for more than 70% of the total number of distilleries in Scotland. It is the most famous whiskey production area in Scotland. The single malt whiskey produced in this region is light-bodied and full-bodied. There are about 10 single malt whiskey distilleries in the southern lowlands. The area is Scotland's second most famous whiskey producing region. In addition to producing malt whiskey, it also produces blended whiskeys. The town of Combey in the southwest is located in southern Scotland and is the production area of ??traditional Scottish whiskey. ? The western island of Ilay is beautiful and located in the Atlantic Ocean. The Isle of Islay has a long history in making whiskey. The whiskey it produces has a unique taste and aroma, and its blended whiskey is relatively famous. There are many varieties of Scotch whiskey, which can be divided into three categories according to different raw materials and brewing methods: pure malt whiskey, grain whiskey and blended whiskey. 1. Pure malt whiskey (Pule malt Whiskey) Distilled liquor brewed only from barley as raw material is called pure malt whiskey. Single malt whiskey is made from barley malt roasted on open-air peat. It is distilled in a pot still. It is usually distilled twice. After distillation, the alcohol content of the liquor obtained reaches 63.4 degrees. It is burned on special charcoal. Aged in oak barrels and diluted with water before bottling. This wine has rich aromas produced by peat. According to regulations, the aging time is at least three years. Generally, wine aged for more than five years can be drunk. Wine aged for seven to eight years is finished wine, and wine aged for ten to twenty years is the best quality wine. The quality of wine that has been aged for more than twenty years will decline. Single malt whiskey is very popular among Scots, but because the taste is too strong, only 10% is sold directly, and the remaining 90% is used as raw wine when blending mixed whiskeys. So it is rarely exported. Famous brands include: 2. Grain Whiskey Grain whiskey uses a variety of grains as raw materials for brewing, such as oats, rye, barley, wheat, corn, etc.

Grain whiskey only needs one distillation and is mainly produced from unmalted barley and malt as the saccharifying agent. The difference between it and other whiskeys is that most of the barley does not malt and ferment. Because most barley does not sprout, there is no need to use a large amount of peat for roasting. Therefore, the peat aroma of the grain whiskey after it is made into alcohol is correspondingly less, and the taste is much softer and more delicate. Grain whiskey is mainly used to blend other whiskeys and gins, and is rarely retailed on the market. 3. Blended Whiskey (Blended Whiskey) Blended Whiskey, also known as blended whiskey, refers to the blending of pure malt whiskey and blended whiskey. Blending is a highly technical job, and the blending of whiskey is mastered by the blender. When blending, not only the proportion of pure malt whiskey and grain whiskey must be taken into consideration, but also other characteristics such as the aging age, origin, taste and other characteristics of various blended liquors. The first step in reconciliation work is blending. When blending, technicians only use their noses to smell and never taste. When you are confused, put a little wine on the back of your hand and smell it carefully to identify it. The second step is blending, and the blended dosage formula is kept confidential. Inject different varieties into the mixer (or use high-pressure spray) according to the dosage and mix thoroughly, then add the coloring agent (usually caramel), and finally put it into barrels for aging and storage. After blending, the smoky flavor of the blended whiskey is diluted and the smell is more attractive. It combines the strong malt and delicate grain aroma, so it is sold all over the world. According to the proportion of single malt whiskey and grain whiskey, the blended whiskey is divided into two types: ordinary and premium according to the proportion of pure malt whiskey in the liquor. Generally speaking, if the proportion of pure malt whiskey is 50-80%, it is a high-end blended whiskey; if the proportion of grain whiskey is large, it is an ordinary whiskey. Currently?

The vast majority of whiskeys sold around the world are blended whiskeys. The common packaging capacity of Scotch blended whiskey is between 700ml and 750ml, and the alcohol content is about 43%. ?

Irish whiskey is already quite familiar to people as a companion to coffee, and its unique aroma is the main reason why it is so popular among people. Ireland has a history of making whiskey for at least 700 years. Some authorities believe that whiskey making originated in Ireland and later spread to Scotland. The Irish have a strong sense of national independence, and even the way whiskey is written is different from that of Scotch whiskey. The main raw materials for the production of Irish whiskey are: barley, oats, wheat and rye, etc., with barley as the main ingredient, accounting for about 80%. Irish whiskey is distilled three times in a tower still, and then aged in barrels. Generally The aging time is 8-15 years, so the maturity is relatively high. When bottling, in order to ensure the inertia of its taste, it needs to be blended and diluted with water. In the past, many Irish people secretly opened private distilleries in order to avoid the high and terrifying alcohol taxes, so people often called Irish whiskey "Poteen Whiskey" (Note: "Poteen Whiskey" is a small mobile liquor store) Retort.) The production process of Irish whiskey and Scotch whiskey are roughly the same. The former retains the ancient brewing process. The malt is not dried with peat, but anthracite is used. The most obvious difference between the two is that Irish whiskey has no smoky burnt aroma and has a softer and longer taste. Irish whiskey is more suitable for making mixed drinks and blending with other drinks (such as Irish coffee). The degree of Irish whiskey on the international market is around 40 degrees. ?

The United States is one of the famous countries that produces whiskey. It is also the largest whiskey consumer in the world. According to statistics, American adults drink an average of 16 bottles of whiskey per person per year, which is unmatched by any country in the world. Although the production of whiskey in the United States only has a history of more than 200 years, its products keep up with market demand and product types are constantly renovated, so American whiskey is very popular among people. American whiskey is famous for its high-quality water, mild liquor quality and the aroma of charred oak barrels. In particular, American Bourbon Whiskey (also known as bourbon whiskey) is world-renowned. There is nothing special about the brewing method of American whiskey, except that the grain raw materials used are different from other types of whiskey, and the alcohol purity of the distilled wine is also lower. The regions of Pennsylvania, Kentucky and Tennessee in the western United States are the centers of whiskey production.

American whiskey can be divided into three categories: 1. Straight Whiskey (Straight Whiskey) The raw materials used are corn, rye, barley or wheat. During the brewing process, other whiskeys or cereal neutral alcohol are not mixed. After making, they need to be added Aged for at least two years in charcoal-smoked oak barrels. In addition, the so-called simple whiskey is not made from only one type of barley malt like Scottish single malt whiskey, but is mainly made from a certain type of grain (generally not less than 51%)?

Add other ingredients. Simple whiskey can be divided into four categories: (1) Bourbon Whiskey (Bourbon Whiskey) Bourbon is the name of a town in Kentucky, USA. The whiskey produced in Bourbon in the past was affectionately called bourbon whiskey. Now Became the general name for a category of American whiskey. The raw materials of bourbon whiskey are corn, barley, etc., of which corn accounts for at least 51% and no more than 75% of the raw materials. After fermentation and distillation, it is put into new charcoal-fired oak barrels and aged for four years. The aging time cannot exceed For eight years, it must be diluted with distilled water to about 43.5 degrees before bottling. The liquid of bourbon whiskey is amber in color, crystal clear, rich in aroma, mellow and soft in taste, and has a long aftertaste. Among them, the products produced in Kentucky are the most famous and the most expensive. In addition, it is now produced in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Missouri, Indiana and other states. (2) Rye Whiskey (Rye Whiskey), also known as rye whiskey, is brewed with no less than 51% rye and other grains. The liquor is amber in color and has a richer taste than bourbon. taste, so it is not very popular among modern people. The main brands are: ①Old Overholt. Produced in Pennsylvania by the A? Overhold Company founded in 1810, the rye content of the raw materials reaches 59% and is a famous rye whiskey without water. ②Seagram’s 7 Crown Seagram Crown. A full-flavored American rye whiskey first introduced to the market in 1934 by the Seagram Company. (3) Corn Whiskey (Corn Whiskey) is whiskey brewed with no less than 80% of corn and other grains. After brewing, it is aged in old charcoal barrels. The main brands are: Platte Valley. Produced by the Macomick Company, which was founded in 1856, the proportion of corn raw materials in the brewing raw materials of this wine reaches 88%, the alcohol content is 40 degrees, and it is divided into two types: five-year aging and eight-year aging. (4) Bottled in bond This is a pure whiskey, usually bourbon or rye whiskey, but it is made under the supervision of the U.S. government. The government does not guarantee its quality and only requires at least aging. 4 years, the alcohol purity is 50% at the time of bottling, it must be made by a winery, and the bottling plant is also supervised by the government. 2. Blended Whiskey (Blended Whiskey) This is whiskey mixed with more than one single whiskey and 20% neutral grain alcohol. When bottled, the alcohol content is 40°C. It is often used as the base of mixed drinks. Liquor is divided into three types: (1) Kentucky whiskey: It is a mixture of pure whiskey produced in the state and neutral grain alcohol. (2) Pure blended whiskey: It is a mixture of two or more pure whiskeys, but does not add neutral grain alcohol. (3) American blended light whiskey: It is a new type of liquor in the United States. It is made of no more than 20% pure whiskey and 40℃ light whiskey.