Douban reading describes Nuo as follows: This is a touching, gentle Shu Ya, slightly sentimental love novel. But after careful study, it should not be difficult for readers to find that most of the characters except Watanabe in the article seem to have only had contact with Watanabe, such as Naoko, Lvzi and Yongze. Moreover, even though Naoko had sex with Watanabe, the first female student, readers still felt that the communication and dialogue between them lacked emotional communication factors. Compared with other novels, such as Dancer of Izu and Paradise Lost, Nuo is obviously "abnormal" in describing the emotional entanglement between Naoko and Watanabe. For example, on Naoko's birthday night, Naoko talked for four hours in a row, then stopped abruptly and burst into tears. Compared with other love stories, the description of their behavior that night in Nuo is really incomprehensible.

It seems a bit boring to simply summarize the novel as a love novel. Lvzi and Watanabe really fell in love, but what about Naoko and Watanabe, Yongze and Watanabe, Zi Ling and Watanabe? Yongze is not Watanabe's rival in love, and has no contact with Naoko and Lvzi. What is the purpose of Murakami's letting Yongze occupy a considerable space? Obviously, the number of words charged is not such a boring answer. Therefore, the author speculates that Nuo is lonely in the name of love.

Lin's Preface-Why Haruki Murakami is Haruki Murakami once said when introducing the popularity of Haruki Murakami's works, "While reading Murakami, we feel that we are reading ourselves, asking our hearts, listening to our inner echoes, roaming in our spiritual world and seeing ourselves. In short, Murakami aroused our * * * voice: the inner * * * voice. " What makes * * * sound is that life is essentially lonely.

Naoko is lonely, so are Reiko Kobayakawa and Watanabe, and Yongze, who seems to give orders, is another kind of loneliness in his mind. It is nothing new to make a similar view of "chewing loneliness" in Murakami's works. However, playing with and chewing the loneliness with different tastes hidden behind everyone is a new field that this article is going to explore, which is different from other articles.

From the whole article, Watanabe has the closest relationship with Naoko, Yongze and Lvzi. He is a guardian to Naoko, a lover to Lv Zi, and a complicated feeling to Yongze. While admiring, he was also mixed with hatred. From the above picture, Naoko and Yongze are on the left and right respectively. In fact, their attitude towards life is also two extremes. Naoko tried to defend himself, while Yongze tried to cater to others. Naoko grows inward and Yongze grows outward. In addition, Qing Zi should be loved by most people in real life. He complains when he doesn't like business, but he has no reservations about people he likes. In short, the characters in the three main lines are generally like this. Because of this, Naoko is square, Yongze is round, and Watanabe and Luzi are rounded rectangles.

Naoko

First of all, let me introduce the character Naoko.

When introducing the characteristics of Murakami heroes in Nuo Preface, Lin pointed out that they "deny and tease the so-called valuable existence, and have a kind of self-esteem and pride in sailing alone in the storm;" The exposure and hatred of hypocrisy and cunning behavior has a heroic and unyielding and sad ending ... "

At first glance, it seems inappropriate to put such a description on Naoko. At least from the point of view of Naoko's weak body, she doesn't look like a "dead hero" and hasn't encountered "hypocritical and cunning behavior", let alone "exposure". After reading it, it is the most intuitive to feel this way. Next, I will make my own analysis of Naoko's "Unyielding and Sadness at the End of Heroes", hoping that more readers will have a familiar and cordial feeling towards Naoko.

In the first chapter of Nuo, Watanabe's memory simply outlines the image of Naoko:

Always the usual action of staring at each other's eyes and asking questions, and the trembling voice that is wonderful from time to time.

Generally speaking, only children stare at each other's eyes when asking questions, but adults usually stare at each other's noses, because "staring at each other's eyes" is considered impolite. So Naoko is still a child psychologically. He doesn't know what Lin said about the so-called "high-sounding and valuable existence" in society, and he doesn't accept comfort out of courtesy-that is, "hypocrisy."

When Naoko described the horror of the "deep well" to Watanabe, Watanabe comforted him with "relaxing shoulders and body". But Naoko was ungrateful. Instead, he said in an unusually dry voice, "why don't you understand this?" I don't understand why I should be in charge? " Watanabe's comfort is similar to what boys say to girls "drink more hot water", but it has aroused Naoko's great reaction. Generally speaking, after hearing such comforting words, patients will be grateful first and will not be so angry. But this is only for us who are accustomed to the mature growth of social rules. For Naoko, it is precisely because such words are expected by others, conform to social norms, and "should" respond. It is because of his emotional hypocrisy that Naoko can't accept this hypocrisy. She rejected this hypocrisy from the bottom of her heart, so Naoko's reaction was great.

As mentioned earlier, Naoko's tragedy lies in his inability to accept hypocrisy, which is also explained in Naoko's letter from the nursing home. Naoko "plays basketball and tennis" in the sanatorium, "has a good time", "can't tell who is the patient and who is the staff" and "looking around, I really feel that everyone is a little abnormal". The doctor told her that the purpose of living in a nursing home "is not to correct this abnormality, but to adapt to it", and Naoko's problem "is that he can't admit and accept this abnormality". Naoko is aware of his abnormality, but in the outside world, "most people are unaware of their abnormality", just as we have long been accustomed to insincere pleasantries in our daily life.

Naoko began to face the hypocrisy of life alone after losing his son's wood, and he has been hovering at both ends of "adaptation" and "rejection" A straight man in Junichi Watanabe can't understand this level. Yongze, of course, has long been extraordinary, and his understanding and application of social rules are handy, making Naoko stand alone in the clouds.

Let's describe Naoko's life in three stages. Observing Naoko from this angle, we can clearly see the whole process of Naoko's wandering and resistance, Naoko's self-esteem and pride in sailing alone in the stormy weather, and the unyielding and sad ending of the hero.

The first stage: Naoko's 20th birthday-struggling and wandering.

When Naoko was in high school, he "always wore gorgeous clothes and swarmed with friends", but when choosing a university, he chose a school where "no high school students applied". At this time, Naoko only had doubts about whether he could get along with others and live a collective life, and he was not afraid yet. For example, when Naoko asked Watanabe if he could live a collective life, Watanabe replied, "As long as you think you can only live here, you can make do." Then Naoko paused and looked into my eyes with "crystal eyes" ... this was the first time they walked alone and talked so much. Naoko is also trying to accept the outside world through dialogue with Watanabe.

But almost a year later, they met again, but Naoko lost weight. She wanted to go to the movies alone. Naoko asked to meet again and said, "I know I shouldn't say such things." Naoko was very lonely at this time, and there was a language barrier due to lack of communication: "It's always like this these days. When I want to express something, all I can think of is words that don't match the numbers. Sometimes it doesn't match the figures, sometimes it's just the opposite. But when I want to change my mind, my mind is in a mess, I can't find anything to say, and I can't even figure out what I wanted to say. It's like the body is split in two, playing a game of chasing each other. There is a big, thick pillar in the middle, chasing it from left to right. If it is correct, it will always be owned by another me, which I will never catch up with. "

Naoko is eager to communicate with others, but he is afraid to communicate with others (it is not difficult to think of Reiko Kobayakawa's experience), and he is also worried that he will delay others and bring trouble to others. If Naoko asks Watanabe to meet again, he says, "I know I shouldn't say such things."

But people can't live alone, and the days without communication are really depressing. Finally, on his 20th birthday, Naoko broke out. Naoko's birthday is "surprisingly talkative", but "what's abnormal and unnatural!" "A word unconsciously becomes a B word contained in it, and soon becomes a C word contained in the B word, which is endless", and "there is more than one". Avoid touching on several topics, such as Muyue, and "talk endlessly" and "talk for four hours" about unimportant details. I heard that Watanabe was going back. "She just kept silent for a while and then went on." Soon, it came to an abrupt end. I wanted to continue, but before it was over, it suddenly disappeared and floated in the air. Later, Naoko wailed.

This is a period of struggle for Naoko. She lingered for a long time in choosing to adapt to hypocrisy and rejecting hypocrisy, and finally chose to refuse-she can't change herself. For example, at the end of sex with Naoko on Watanabe's birthday, "Naoko hugged me hard and groaned, which is the saddest voice I have ever heard." When Watanabe went to the nursing home for the second time, Naoko explained, "I just don't want anyone to bother me at my place." The author turns Naoko's inner struggle in the abstract sense in this period, that is, Naoko's efforts to adapt to hypocrisy, into the process of Watanabe entering Naoko's body. Naoko's physical pain, more importantly, psychological unbearable. Naoko can't betray her heart, can't give up her true feelings and can't stand the hypocrisy of the outside world, so she chooses to stay in her inner world instead.

When watching Naoko's birthday before, I couldn't figure out Naoko's sad reaction to Watanabe ML and Naoko's motivation to drop out of school and live in a nursing home. Later, I learned that this indescribable plot written by Murakami was not to add a little "seasoning" to the plot of the novel with love theme, but to describe Naoko's inner struggle and show it more deeply in this way. Naoko was completely defeated. Most people can adapt to this abnormal behavior of politeness and hypocrisy, but Naoko can't, and then he is regarded as a different kind in the eyes of most other people. Alien is abnormal, abnormal, or sick. Therefore, it is not surprising that doctors and Watanabe who know this matter think that Naoko and others in the nursing home are not sick.

The second stage: Naoko's birthday goes to a nursing home to rest-to regain himself.

Naoko moved out of his apartment in Kokubuji a few days after his birthday and decided to take a year off. Naoko didn't try to integrate himself into the society, but chose to escape and live in a sanatorium in Kyoto, "cultivating his nerves in a quiet and isolated place" and repeatedly saying that "it is himself who is sad". Subsequently, the student movement, the "Tokyo University Incident", took place at 1968~ 1969. By the way, Chai Tianxiang's Farewell to Our Life was written under this background.

Naoko first met Watanabe in a nursing home. "That smile seems to be a faint prospect." "Everyone here is honest and talks about everything." Obviously, in the nursing home, Naoko's mental state has improved again, without hypocrisy and politeness. When Naoko visited Watanabe, Naoko also opened his heart and told Watanabe a lot of his worries-about Muyue, how he became like this, and so on.

"Mu Yue and I are really special." "After he died, I didn't know how to associate with others, or even how to fall in love with a person."

"We have hardly experienced the sexual repression and uncontrollable repression experienced by ordinary children in their development. As I said just now, we are always open to sex. "

"Repay the hardships of growing up. We didn't pay when we should have paid the price, and the account was transferred to today. " "We grow up day by day and must go to society." "You mean like a chain that connects us with the outside world."

During this period, Watanabe gradually learned about Naoko's unusual past. Childhood Naoko and Muyue are isolated from the outside world, and they can calmly accept the sex that is avoided in society, but they don't know the courtesy and hypocrisy needed when interacting with people. It is conceivable that Naoko, who didn't have this skill since childhood, was so distressed when he integrated into college life. It was also during this period that Naoko tried to integrate into society through the button of Watanabe, but ultimately failed.

But Naoko, who lives in a nursing home, seems to have returned to his home, where all the people are of the same kind. It can be seen from the change of smile that Naoko did return to a relatively stable and normal state during this period. For example, when Naoko was still in school, Watanabe told Naoko an anecdote about the death squads, and Naoko gave a "long-lost" and "fleeting" laugh. It can be seen that in the first stage, that is, the year of school, Naoko has not smiled happily for a long time. The second stage-in the nursing home, Naoko showed a "sweet smile" when stroking the rabbit. "That smiling face is not gloomy, even a little dazzling."

In the short and utopian time in the nursing home, Naoko found himself. But she always knew that the nursing home was just a utopia. After all, sooner or later, she will return to the society and environment that she hates and can't adapt to. When that moment came, she had to make a choice, choose to adapt or choose to refuse. If you haven't chosen to adapt at that time, then when you refuse, you should also know that the sanatorium is the last fortress. If you take a step back, you will fall off the cliff.

The third stage: Naoko's condition worsens-re-selection.

When the weather was getting colder, Watanabe received Naoko's reply. At this time, Naoko felt lonely because of loneliness. "There seems to be a big hole in his heart." There is even a typical symptom of schizophrenia-auditory hallucination. "Whenever I feel lonely and unbearable, I talk to all kinds of people in the dark at night, and those people talk to me. Their voices are like the rustling of trees in the night wind."

In winter, Naoko is much more reticent and just "smiles sweetly". Naoko "tried to write a reply, but he couldn't write it anyway." By mid-May, auditory hallucination was very serious and was transferred to a specialized hospital.

The reason for Naoko's sharp decline should be a letter from Watanabe, in which Watanabe expressed the idea of living with Naoko and taking responsibility together. This invitation made Naoko unable to reply, causing serious symptoms such as auditory hallucinations. This is because Naoko doesn't want his "abnormality" to become a burden to others. Such as Naoko's first reply after living in a nursing home, "You (Watanabe) don't take me as a heavy burden. I don't want to be a burden to anyone "; Naoko and Watanabe said while walking in the nursing home, "I may drag you down." "I don't want to delay your life, nor do I want to delay anyone's life."

After that, Naoko's condition improved, but it was only a flash in the pan. Just like the sunny young man in My Husband has Depression, after enlightening the protagonist to be optimistic and full of passion, he soon completely ended his pain. Naoko finally made her own choice, and she refused the doctor's suggestion-that is, she didn't adapt normally. This is a very difficult decision, and Naoko paid a painful price for it.

At this point, Naoko's story is over. Generally speaking, it can be summarized as follows: Naoko lingers between adaptation and rejection of hypocrisy, and she chose to reject hypocrisy on her birthday; Naoko took a step back and went to a nursing home to find himself; Naoko can't back down, but he still chooses to refuse hypocrisy. I believe that after reading these, everyone can understand this description in Lin's preface:

Denying and teasing the so-called high-sounding valuable existence, there is a kind of self-esteem and pride in sailing alone in the storm; The exposure and hatred of hypocrisy and cunning behavior has a heroic unyielding and sad ending.

Generally speaking, Naoko and other characters in Nuo, such as Reiko Kobayakawa and Chumei, are very cute and my favorite characters. Their attitude towards life is meticulous, just like when Naoko wrote a letter, he wrote the small print "neat (too neat for a girl)" on the envelope; At the beginning, the United States still treated Yongze half-heartedly. On the other hand, we used to be, or a part of us used to be, but gradually disappeared with the growth of experience. For example, the insignificant power hidden in Chumei's body to arouse others' hearts, "it is similar to a childhood vision, a vision that has never been realized and will never be realized, a burning naive vision", is a' part of itself' that never wakes up.

In addition, a description of fireflies in Nuo should allude to such a person as Naoko, or to a "part of himself" he once owned, although this description conveys a pessimistic and disappointed mood to readers. One night during the summer vacation, the "death squads" gave Watanabe a firefly. The fireflies in Watanabe's memory "will certainly emit that brilliant burning light", while the fireflies in front of them are "dying" and emit "looming light". After the firefly was released, "that faint light spot, like a lost soul, wandered in the dark and heavy night." Reach out your fingertips, but you can't touch them. There is always a "little distance".

Yongze tablets

When you see me in your eyes, you see my own generation.

The acquaintance of Watanabe and Yongze originated from a novel The Great Gatsby. Watanabe spoke highly of this book, calling it "what a wonderful masterpiece". "I have never been disappointed once, and no page is boring." No one around Watanabe has read this book, except Yong Ze. At that time, Yongze was studying at the Law School of the University of Tokyo, probably in the third year of college. Yongze appreciates Watanabe very much. After reading it for three times, they naturally became friends.

Briefly introduce Yongze: He is famous for his smart mind and likes classical novels, claiming that "writers who have died less than 30 years are dismissive in principle"; Extraordinary temperament, natural expression; Have a natural leadership temperament. Family conditions are impeccable. My father runs a big hospital, and my brother is a graduate of Dongda University.

At this point, Watanabe's description of Yongze can be described as perfect, but then the pen changed, pointing out that Yongze is a person with several opposite characteristics: extremely enthusiastic but fond of playing tricks, noble and secular, struggling alone in the dark mud, climbing on his own cross in the journey of life.

In Watanabe's description, Yongze did several remarkable things, such as swallowing three slugs raw to solve the old and new frictions; Have a fairly large penis and slept with about 75 women; Easily passed the second interview of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs ... but everything showed Yongze's extraordinary talent. As for "struggling alone in the dark mud" or carrying an unwarranted "cross", there is no trace at all. Therefore, readers can't help wondering-where is the "cross" mentioned by Watanabe?

As described in Naoko, Naoko was incompatible with the outside world and fought against it. He once wanted to connect Watanabe with the outside world as a chain. Compared with Naoko's external struggle, Yongze's "struggle" lies in his thorough struggle with his heart. This is a war without smoke. Just like most of us have procrastination in different degrees, if we see that a person has no procrastination at all, then we will think that he is abnormal and different. This is Naoko's situation. Yongze, on the other hand, is a terminally ill person. Here I will analyze where Yongze's illness is.

Yongze's Cross

If you want to know a person, you might as well see what books he reads. There are two books related to Yongze, the Great Gatsby and Lord Jim mentioned earlier. I extracted some outlines of the two books from Douban respectively, as follows:

Synopsis of The Great Gatsby: In the United States in the 1920s, the air was filled with songs and laughter. By chance, Nick, a poor shop assistant, broke into the secret world of Gatsby, a profligate millionaire, and was surprised to find that the only thing in his heart was the little green light on the river bank where his beloved Daisy lived. However, the cold reality can't accommodate ethereal dreams. After all, Gatsby's goddess is just a secular material girl. When all the truth came out, Gatsby's tragic life was like fireworks. Light is only a moment, and disillusionment is eternal.

Part of the synopsis of Lord Jim: When a partner's ship full of pilgrims is about to sink, Jim shows great contempt for the officials on board, headed by the captain, who desperately compete for a limited number of lifeboats regardless of the passengers' lives. He is determined to meet a ship's passengers. However, at the last critical moment, he was frightened by fear and chaos, and the fatal jump was finally driven by instinct; After all, he jumped into the company he once hated.

The Great Gatsby is about the cruelty and sinister intentions of the rich in the upper class. It is worth pondering that Yongze himself was born in the upper class, and all kinds of labels such as "rich second generation", "going to a famous university" and "romantic and chic" were attached to him. However, he likes The Great Gatsby and "appreciates" the shameless and dark side of the upper class after it faded from its shiny surface.

A character similar to Yongze in Noe-the girl that Reiko Kobayakawa once taught-is a character similar to Daisy in The Great Gatsby. When the little girl was found lying, she either shed tears or explained her apology. He is a scheming boy, and he does not hesitate to make others fall in love by any means. He knows how to make people feel good and get praise from others. He is an animal with high emotional intelligence.

Another book, Lord Jim, tells that Jim gave up his faith in the face of fear and did something he once despised. There are also many such figures in Nuozhong, such as the student leaders who went on strike, who were impassioned when they announced the strike resolution. However, after the strike stopped, they resumed classes first and tried their best to surrender to the enemy, have it both ways.

Yongze likes these two books because he realized the essence of society prematurely-"society is fundamentally unfair", as he once said; He has long understood the rules of this world-as he himself said, the code of conduct of "gentlemen". Yongze is familiar with this code of conduct and is good at using it. In order to sleep with girls, he has a glib tongue; He took the examination of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in order to show his skills and fists in this bloated and huge bureaucracy. But after all, he is a cynical person-he just plays his outstanding talent, and sleeping with girls is not out of sincerity; He has no ideal in his heart, and what he does is not what he wants to do, but what he should do. "In other words, Yongze traded with the devil with his heart in exchange for a good skill; Whenever he does something, cheers break out. He is not happy to hear the cheers of others, but he thinks that this is the hero in everyone's eyes, so he doesn't want to be a "hero in everyone's eyes." As Yong Ze said, he has this ability and has a place to play. It is very difficult to turn a blind eye to the possibilities around you; In a sense, this is a kind of happiness.

When you see me in your eyes, you see my own generation. -Yong Ze's tragedy is here. The "cross" he bears on the road of life is exactly what others expect-from his extraordinary and demanding father, and from others' expectations of his brother, a graduate of Dongda University. He can achieve the same achievements as his peers. Yongze bears this expectation, this "crossing", and then grows into "the beautiful me in others' eyes", not "the beautiful me in my own eyes".

Naoko belongs to a mental patient in the traditional sense according to his connection with the external reality, which is the standard for dividing mental illness and also accords with the most intuitive feelings of most normal people. However, according to his relationship with the inner reality-Naoko is not, Yongze belongs to a "mental patient", a pathological state of "normal" behavior after giving up himself because of conforming to others, which is more dangerous than Naoko. For example, after Watanabe told Naoko Yongze's story, Naoko's reaction was "like an incredible person"; For a long time, he said, "That man's head is much more abnormal than mine."

The two sides of yongze

Watanabe said that the greatest virtue of Yongze is honesty; But despite his honesty, he never gave his heart to him once.

Watanabe also said that Yongze is extremely enthusiastic but loves to play tricks, which is both noble and secular.

Yongze himself said that kindness and enthusiasm are true, but he can't really fall in love with someone, but there is always a place to keep himself awake and have a sense of hunger and thirst, that's all.

I have to say that Yongze is a very eloquent person, such as a boss who is beautiful in PPT and a good boss who makes chicken soup. This is Yong Ze's performance time.

If you read something similar to others, you can only think like others.

People of insight will not do the same thing and be ashamed of others.

I just don't want to waste time reading books that haven't been baptized by time.

Don't feel sorry for yourself Self-pity is the work of despicable cowards.

That's not hard work, that's labor. The so-called effort refers to active and purposeful activities.

After Chumei's death, Yongze wrote to Watanabe: "Because of Chumei's death, something disappeared." . Visible, those things that can cause others * * * in the United States, also once brought a part of sleeping forever ze * * *. But at this time, Yongze has been crushed by the cross on his body and crawled forward. Just as Naoko tried to connect Watanabe with the world, Chumei was once Yongze's inner bond. Now that this bond is broken, Yongze's heart will never come back, just like Naoko chose to end his life.

Yongze is alive, but his heart is dead; The dead Naoko lived for his heart.

Watanabe green chapter

It was another life, a hard and bloody life.

When darkness is a virtue, the road is full of mud

I come from the wilderness, an invisible creature.

"Come in," she said. "I'll give you shelter from the rain."

It's another life, where blood and sweat are intertwined.

Evil turns to virtue, and the road is muddy.

I come from the wilderness, and there is only one body left.

"Come in," she said. "I am your safe haven."

Some time before Watanabe and Lvzi first met in a restaurant, there was a far-reaching student strike in Japan, which ended in failure. However, after the resumption of classes, the first people present were several faces who once occupied the dominant position of the strike. They were generous when they announced the strike resolution, but now they are evasive when asked about the reason for resuming classes. Watanabe can't help feeling disgusted. He sincerely accused these guys in have it both ways of being the only ones who could defect to the enemy, and he fought silently in a non-violent and non-cooperative way. However, as a result, Watanabe's situation in the class has become more and more isolated.

In short, during this period, in addition to Naoko, who lives in a nursing home, Watanabe's roommate "death squad" also withdrew from the dormitory, and the people around him left without warning. I didn't leave a goodbye when I left. Maybe saying goodbye means dying a little? I don't know. But it was at this time that Qing Zi appeared and filled the gap in Watanabe's life. She has short hair, black sunglasses and a white mini dress. Her appearance is like the situation in Bob Dylan's lyrics, "Come on, I'm your safe haven." Lv Zi is the only normal person in Nuozhong. Of course, there are also unreasonable places, but he is kind and honest, diligent and capable, with a beautiful face, beautiful breasts and good food (attached to Qing Zi's original words).

There is a view that our distance from others is equal to our distance from ourselves, which means that our connection with the world and others can reflect our connection with ourselves. However, for some reasons, we feel that external channels are blocked and restricted. Watanabe was in this predicament for some time from knowing Yoko to Naoko's suicide, and it got deeper and deeper. The green son is just acting as a savior. Whether it is a rich classmate in Tucao High School, a vulgar book sold in his own bookstore, or a bureaucratic behavior of seniors, he is a sharp talker. He is neither as meticulous as Naoko nor as inflammatory as Yongze. He is a "happiness first" optimist.

In contrast, Watanabe is out of touch with reality because he often misses Yoko. Yoko is a model of living in the present. He can endure inhuman torture in order to buy an omelet pan, or he can wear a miniskirt unscrupulously, and his sweet words are smooth.

In Yuan Ye in spring, you are walking alone, and a lovely bear, fluffy hair and bulging eyes come across. It says to you,' hello, miss, would you like to roll with me?' Then, you hold the bear and roll down the hillside covered with clover for a whole day. You think it's great?

Why don't you put that broken umbrella down and hold it tightly with your arms!

Finally, to borrow a word from Reiko Kobayakawa, if you don't want to go to a mental hospital, you should devote yourself to the long river of life with an open mind.