Keywords: Arab national costumes, Arab countries, studying in Arabia, click: 4 Time: 14: 22, 21-12-23

Arab countries have a long history, splendid culture and traditional customs. With the development of society, the development of science and technology, and the infiltration and exchange of eastern and western cultures, the traditional customs of their people have also evolved.

Men's costume

Wearing a robe, a cloak and a headband on the turban is the image of an Arab.

Arabic gowns are mostly white, with wide sleeves and feet-long robes. They are simple in workmanship and have no distinction of rank. It is not only a casual dress for ordinary people, but also a dress for dignitaries. The texture of the material depends on the season and the owner's economic conditions, including cotton, yarn, wool and nylon. Relaxation and comfort are the characteristics of Arab robes, but there are subtle differences in their workmanship and decoration in various regions; For example, Saudis have long sleeves, high collars and lining. Sudanese robes are collarless, with large bust and sleeves. They are cylindrical and ankle-long, with pockets at the front and back and waist pockets at the side, which can be worn alternately on both sides. The Tuiman people's robes are collarless, and there is a rope spike about 3 cm long hanging from the chest at the neckline, and there is a calyx-shaped opening at the bottom of the spike, which can be sprayed with perfume and put spices inside.

In the eyes of Arabs, a cloak is a festive costume. A man wears a cloak on his robe, which makes him look radiant and manly. Cloaks come in many colors and different qualities. For example, in the cloak market in Kuwait, men's and women's transparent gauze cloaks for summer wear, wool, camel hair and woolen cloaks for winter wear are all available; There are ordinary cloaks with good quality and low price worn by civilians, as well as luxurious cloaks with fine workmanship and gold and silver wires worn by royal family members and rich people.

The Arab headscarf is also a product of the desert environment, which acts as a hat, providing sun protection in summer and keeping warm in winter. This headscarf is a piece of cloth. Put it on your head and put on a headband to fix it. Its color is mostly white, and there are other colors. There are differences in the thickness of fabrics, depending on the season and conditions.

The headband is a circular ring made of camel hair, mostly black and occasionally white, with different thickness. Young people like a heavy headband and a ribbon, which makes them look smart and handsome.

It is the habit of many Arabs to wear a small white hat under the headscarf. On informal occasions, they prefer to wear only a small white hat instead of a headscarf. Some men in Egypt, Libya, Algeria and other countries don't wear headscarves or small white hats, but only wear a red or black Turkish felt hat. Some people love to wrap a white cloth under a felt hat, which is more colorful and novel.

adorning objects is a long-standing decorative habit of Arab tribes, with various styles and advantages, especially the waist knives in Yemen and Oman.

broadsword was originally used as a weapon for self-defense, and then it gradually became a precious ornament and national custom. Arabs think that only wearing a broadsword can show a man's chivalry, chic and mighty spirit, and a man who doesn't wear a broadsword is not a hero. At the same time, wearing broadsword is also a sign that boys grow up. Up to now, some tribes hold a ceremony to dress the boy when he reaches the age of 15 to congratulate him.

Mauritanians' accessories are different from those of other Arab countries. Almost all people carry amulets, and some even have to carry several. The amulet is packed in a small leather bag. In addition to beauty, it is mainly Tujili.

Women's clothing

Wearing a black veil and a black robe is the image of Arab women under Islamic regulations. Arab women's black veil is very thin. Wearing it, outsiders can't see their master's face, but the master can see things through the gauze net as usual. A few women wear double black veil, which makes it difficult to see things and often needs children's help; Some people cover their hair with a piece of black gauze, and another piece covers their face and mouth, exposing their eyes; Someone made one or two small holes in the black veil to make it easier to see things. There are sizes of black veil, the small one covers the head and neck, the big one covers the head, and the four corners can hang down to the chest and even the legs. Most women wear hats with fine workmanship and ornaments besides black gauze.

The black robe is a traditional dress for Arab women, with simple workmanship and different styles and colors. For example, the black robe of a Saudi woman is a large black cloak.

There are two kinds of clothes for Yemeni women: one is a black veil on the top of the head, which covers the head and then covers the whole body with a black cloth (or plaid cloth); The other is divided into three parts: the head, the upper body and the lower body. The black veil on the top of the head reaches the neck, the black shawl on the upper body hangs down to the waist, fastened on the chest, and covered on the foot with a black skirt.

The black robe of Egyptian women is a rectangular piece of black cloth, that is, the 5-meter-long cloth is divided into two parts, the two sides are sewn together, and it is finished by embroidery according to personal preference. It can be worn or draped, which is flexible and convenient, and you can also wear it at will to expose a certain part of your body.

Sudanese women love to wear robes to mop the floor. A robe is a piece of cloth that can be wrapped all over the body, black and white.

When Libyan women go out, they often wrap themselves up with a piece of flowered cloth similar to a sheet, revealing only their eyes.

Arab women seem to be dressed simply, even barefoot, but they are not. They are almost covered with all kinds of gold and silver jewelry. Wearing a silver headband, the headband is tied with a silver chain, the forehead is hung with a gold and silver chain, the nose is decorated with flowers, the earrings are ring after ring, the necklace is ring after ring, the wrist is hung with bracelets, and the anklets and foot bells are adorned with feet ... It is also very chic, which fully shows the elegance of wearing gold and silver.

In Libya, although traditional clothing still dominates, young men often wear suits and ties, and women also wear suits and skirts, which are solemn and elegant. They appreciate and pursue the "faded" western makeup techniques, such as rouge and lipstick, light touch, nail dyeing, perfume, earrings, necklaces and other dull gold jewelry.

Even in Saudi Arabia, where Islamic rules are the strictest, clothing is changing. Although women still wear veils and gowns, the gowns are full of colors. Young students wear jeans and T-shirts, and upper-class women also wear smart suits.

Unlike the British, Americans don't always dress well, but don't pay much attention to clothes. They dress according to the principle of generosity and comfort, and they can wear whatever they like. Others won't talk or laugh. In spring and autumn, Americans usually wear trousers and a sweater or jacket over their shirts, which is relaxed, comfortable and unrestrained. There are many people who wear shorts and short skirts in summer. In tourist or seaside cities, men wear swimming trunks, women wear three-point bathing suits, and then put on a bath towel, so they can go shopping or go to restaurants. But on formal occasions, Americans are more polite.

During the interview, you should pay attention to dress and neatness. It is better to wear a suit, especially to polish your shoes and clean your fingernails. American businessmen seldom shake hands. Even when they meet for the first time, they don't have to shake hands first. They often just nod, smile and say hello politely. A man should hold a lady's hand gently, not forcefully. If the lady has no intention of shaking hands, the man should not take the initiative to reach out unless the lady takes the initiative. You can't shake hands with both hands. Between the superior and the subordinate, the superior reaches out and shakes hands first. Between the old and the young, the elder reaches out and shakes hands first. Between the host and the guest, the host reaches out first. Between men, it is most taboo to climb shoulder to shoulder with each other. Americans don't like being too close to each other when talking, and they are used to keeping their bodies at a certain distance. Generally, it should be kept between 12 and 15 cm, and at least it should not be less than 5 cm.

In the United States, men over the age of 12 have the title of "Mr.", but most Americans don't like to use such titles as Mr., Mrs., Miss and Ms., and think that what to do is too serious. They like to be called by their first names directly, and regard it as a sign of friendliness. Americans seldom use formal titles to address others.

Official titles are generally only used for judges, military officers, doctors, professors, religious leaders and other figures. Especially in administrative positions. Americans never use this name, such as * * * Director and * * * Manager. US Customs officers always say "please" and "thank you", "please open the box" and "please take out your passport", and when the inspection is completed, they will say "Have a nice trip" or "It's a nice day today" and other polite words.

The words spoken by salesgirls and restaurant waitresses in the United States make people feel at home. Even if you don't spend a penny, they still smile all over their faces and say thank you for coming when they leave. I hope to come again next time.

before a public or private company visits, it is necessary to make an appointment first, and it is better to inform them by phone when they arrive soon. Americans are hospitable, even if you only know each other for a minute, you may be invited to go to the theatre, eat or travel abroad. But after a week, this friend will probably forget all about you. It's impolite to visit an American family, so you must make an agreement in advance. Just give gifts to relatives and friends. If they don't know in advance, don't knock directly. It's better to leave the gifts at his door and then inform him to pick them up himself.

When you are invited to visit an American home or attend a banquet, you'd better bring some small gifts to your host, such as cosmetics, children's toys, local specialties or tobacco and alcohol. For the furnishings in the home, the host likes to listen to the language of appreciation, rather than asking about the price.

punctuality and trustworthiness are very important. American businessmen like to show their informality, agreeableness and sense of humor. People who can often tell a few jokes are often easily accepted by each other. Breakfast and lunch date negotiation is popular in American business circles. When you promise to attend the banquet hosted by the other party, you must go to the banquet on time. If you can't keep the appointment on time due to special circumstances, you must call the host and explain the reasons, or tell the host when you can go. At dinner, when a lady walks into the living room, the man should stand up and you can't sit down until the lady finds a seat. When entertaining guests, Americans mostly use roast beef and roast chicken, because these dishes are popular with ordinary Americans, which are convenient and affordable. As long as it is accompanied by one or two vegetables, taro and cereals, if dessert is prepared, it will be a big meal. Hamburgers are foods that Americans eat every day. According to regulations, the fat content of hamburger ground beef should not exceed 3%.

In America, people like light and clean colors, such as ivory, light green, light blue, yellow, pink and fawn. It is difficult to point out those particularly advanced colors in America. Many psychologists' surveys show that: first, solid colors are more popular; Second, bright and bright colors are more popular than dark colors. The relationship between American color hobbies and buying habits can be seen in the following interesting examples:

new york citizens like white eggs, so white eggs are often sold at high prices there. However, Boston citizens like reddish-brown eggs. It is generally believed that reddish-brown eggs taste delicious and white eggs taste special. However, cooking experts believe that white eggs are better than reddish-brown eggs.

In recent years, American drinking habits have changed, which is consistent with the changes of consumers' drinking habits in various countries. That is, from the hobby of strong dark wine to non-strong light wine. People are getting used to drinking beer, wine and fruit wine. According to statistics, the consumption of spirits in the United States, the world's largest consumer of alcohol, is declining. In 1975, British whisky accounted for 13.6% of the total consumption in the United States, while in 1985 it only accounted for 11%. In the past 1 years, the sales volume of low-alcohol wine in the United States has increased by about 3%. There is a popular saying in the United States that "light-colored wine is better for health than dark wine".

in some places, people like to drink weak tea, while in other places, people like to drink strong tea. Whether it is tea or coffee, it must be very harmonious with the local water. In addition, red cream or cheese is more popular than ordinary cream and cheese. Another example is that red salmon sells well in some places, while white salmon sells well in other places because of customs.

The green asparagus tea was well received in Boston, while the white asparagus tea was well received in Chicago. In terms of clothing color, in the southern United States, women like blue, while in New England, people like to buy clothes that suit their skin color because of their rosy skin. In Texas, the number of people who buy light brown goods will increase after Christmas.

Among the toothbrushes worth 1 cents in the United States, the red one accounts for about 5% of the sales volume, but there are no high-grade toothbrushes made of red, because among the high-grade toothbrushes, Hooper color has achieved great success and is very popular. In addition, the knife with blue handle sells better than the one with black handle. This is because American women pay attention to kitchen decoration and hate monotonous utensils.

An example of taboo colors in the United States is that when Japanese pen manufacturers export pens to the United States, they use purple velvet to hang linings in silver pen boxes, which has met with resentment in the United States. In the United States, the use of trademarks of goods must be registered with the US federal government, otherwise your goods will be impersonated by others. It is best to use the company's name as a trademark to promote sales.

There are many Jews in America. Pay attention to local Jewish festivals. Two weeks before and after Christmas and Easter are not suitable for visiting. In addition to going on holiday in June-August, it is advisable to visit the rest of the time.

social customs of major English-speaking countries-Britain

Britain: The full name of Britain is "the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", which is referred to as the United Kingdom for short. Britain is an archipelago country in western Europe, with an area of 254, square kilometers and a population of 56.5 million, of which 83% are English. The main religions are Protestantism and Roman Catholicism. The capital London.

At present, the British government implements a constitutional monarchy and a cabinet system of responsibility. Congress is divided into upper and lower houses. Members of the House of Commons are elected by the people for a term of five years. The upper house consists of hereditary or sealed nobles, priests or social elites. In addition, the cabinet holds political power, and its members are nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed with the consent of the king. In addition, the Prime Minister is the majority leader of the House of Commons and has the right to dissolve and re-elect the House of Commons. The throne is inherited by the eldest daughter when there are no children. The current king is Elizabeth II.

British manners and customs are rich and colorful. When we first meet each other, we usually take shaking hands as a gift, unlike the Eastern Europeans who often hug each other. It is considered impolite to slap guests casually, even after official business. British people have some taboos to pay attention to, such as they never walk under a ladder, don't hold an umbrella in the house, never put their shoes on the table, and don't use people as decorations.

British people pay attention to their clothes, and the clothes they wear should be different from time to time. They often judge people by their appearance, and their appearance and attitude should be paid special attention to. The British pay attention to clothes, and as soon as they leave the house, they have to be well dressed. Although the British have lost their former glory, they are particularly conceited. Because people in the middle and upper classes live a comfortable life, they have developed a traditional "gentleman" and "lady" demeanor. But they are old-fashioned, and are generally keen on sticking to the rules and being reserved and solemn. Ordinary families love old furniture, old furnishings and old clocks handed down from previous generations and show them off. There are many "century-old shops" in the capital, London, and the more famous the shops, the more complete the original style or layout. Although the car engine has been replaced with a new model, the model should try to keep the same as before. There are two post offices in London, which are open day and night for 365 days a year and never rest. It is said that this is in keeping with the ancient English tradition.