donggang city is located at the western end of Liaodong Peninsula, bordering the Yellow Sea in the south and the Yalu River in the east, facing the Korean Peninsula across the river and the sea. It has a special geographical position, which is advantageous along the river, the coast and the border, with rich natural resources and unique tourism resources. Geographical coordinates are 123 22'-124 22' east longitude and 39 45'-4 15' north latitude. The coastline (border line) is 23.85 kilometers, the coastline is 93.5 kilometers, the whole territory is 83 kilometers long from east to west, 38 kilometers wide from south to north, with a land area of 2,445 square kilometers and a sea area of 3,5 square kilometers.
donggang city, originally called Anton County, was established in the second year of Guangxu reign in the Qing Dynasty (1876). In January 1965, Anton County was changed to Donggou County with the approval of the State Council. On June 18, 1993, with the approval of the State Council, Donggou County was abolished and donggang city was established as a county-level city under the provincial jurisdiction, which was managed by Dandong City. Donggang city has jurisdiction over 16 townships, 3 sub-district offices, 5 farms and 2 provincial development zones with a total population of 64,.
donggang city is rich in resources, with a shallow sea area of 1.6 million mu and a tidal flat area of 36, mu within the 1m isobath. There are more than 14 kinds of seafood, which is one of the main production and export bases of shrimp and shellfish in China. It has 1.2 million mu of cultivated land, including 7, mu of paddy fields. The annual grain output is 4, tons, mainly rice, which is one of the main producing areas of high-quality rice in China. There are more than 1 kinds of fruits and vegetables, which is the largest production base of high-quality strawberries in China: rich in water resources, with 12 major rivers and 42 reservoirs. There are abundant underground minerals, and more than 2 kinds of underground minerals such as gold, marble, kaolin and talc have been proved to be available for exploitation, among which kaolin reserves rank first in the country.
Physical geography
Topography
There are various types of landforms, and the topography is high in the north and low in the south, which are distributed in steps, in turn: low hills in the north, low hills and hills in the middle, retreating plains in the south, and intertidal beaches in the coastal system. The low mountains and hills in the north overlap, covering an area of 67 square kilometers, and the mountains are east-west. The hilly land in the middle is undulating, covering an area of 52 square kilometers. The hilly land runs in the north-south direction, and the coast of the Yellow Sea in the south is a large area of retreating sea and flat source, with flat terrain, fertile soil and complete drainage system. It is a grain and national high-quality rice base in donggang city. The 93-kilometer-long coastline with deep soil and abundant benthic organisms has become the base of harbor culture and beach culture in donggang city.
climatic characteristics
donggang city has a continental monsoon climate in the humid northern temperate zone. Influenced by the Yellow Sea, it has maritime climate characteristics. There is no cold in winter, no heat in summer, four distinct seasons, and rain and heat in the same season. In normal years, the annual average temperature is 8.4 degrees, the frost-free period is 182 days, the freezing period is 147 days, the rainfall is 888 mm, and the sunshine hours are 2484.3 hours.
Hydrological conditions
Donggang is a region rich in water resources, with an average annual precipitation of 9-1, mm. The main streams of Yalu River and Dayang River pass through the city, with an average annual passenger level of about 32 billion cubic meters. Other major rivers originate from the northern mountainous areas of China and are seasonal rivers that directly enter the sea. Donggang city's water resources are mainly composed of three parts: one is the regional surface water resources, that is, the surface runoff generated by the territory of donggang city; Second, regional groundwater resources; The third is the water resources of transit passengers.
Origin of Place Names
donggang city was originally named Donggou County, but it was renamed when it was established in 1993. The origin of the city name is derived from Dadonggang Port. Dadong Port is located at the mouth of Yihe Yalu River in China and Korea. It has four berths of 1,-ton class, with an annual handling capacity of 4 million tons, and has been connected with more than 2 countries and regions in the world. Passenger and cargo transportation between Dadong Port and Incheon Port of South Korea has been opened.
Historical evolution
donggang city has a long history. In 1982, the excavation of the ancient cave site of "Qianyangren" in Shancheng Mountain, qianyang town, proved that humans worked here as early as 1.8 billion years ago in the late Paleolithic period. Donggang city (formerly Andong County) was in Qingzhou during the Tang Dynasty. Yu Shunshi belonged to Yingzhou. During the Warring States Period, it belonged to Liaodong County of Yan State. During the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Ping County and Wuci County in Xi 'an. In the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Anton Duhu. Dongping County was transferred to the early Liao Dynasty. Jinweipo Expressway. In the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to the road of whirling house. In the Ming Dynasty, it was the fort of Zhenjiang in Xuancheng. The sixth year of the Qing dynasty (1621) belonged to the sphere of influence of the late Jin dynasty, and the thirty-seventh year of the Qing dynasty (1772) was under the jurisdiction of Xiuyan hall. In the second year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1876), the Qing court analyzed Dadonggou and set up Anton County in the east of Aihe River, which was under the Phoenix Zhili Hall in Fengtianfu. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (197), Andong County was under the jurisdiction of the garrison road in the east of feng tian. In the first year of Xuantong (199), Dongfang Road was renamed Xingfeng Road, which was also under the jurisdiction of Xingfeng Military Reserve Road. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), feng tian was changed to Liaoning Province. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), feng tian was rebuilt in Liaoning Province, and Anton County was under the jurisdiction of Fengtian Province. In October of 23 years (1934), it belonged to Anton Province. In December of the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), Anton City was established, which was separated from Anton County. In April of 1949, Anton County belonged to Liaodong Province. In August 1954, it belonged to Liaoning Province. In January, 1959, Anton County was subordinate to Anton City, Liaoning Province. On January 2, 1965, Anton City was renamed Dandong City, and Anton County was renamed Donggou County. On June 18th, 1993, Donggou County was abolished and donggang city was established. It has been under the jurisdiction of Dandong City.
cultural relics and historic sites
Dagushan ancient building complex
Dagushan ancient building complex was built in the Tang Dynasty, and has undergone successive repairs. It has been built into a closed temple (including Shengshui Palace, Yaowang Temple, Sanxiao Niangniang Temple, Zen Hall, Bell Tower, Guanhai Pavilion, and Lingtong Tower) and a lower temple (including Tianwang Hall, Shiwangdian, Dizang Hall and Sakyamuni Hall). Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism are in harmony, and they are gathered in one place. Looking up and looking far, the Yellow Sea is vast and the sky is vast. Looking around Qifeng, Zhong Ling is beautiful, "Ziye Shengquan", "Half-covered Temple", "Ginkgo biloba between grandparents and grandchildren", "Ancient Monument Without Words", "Liyuan Lonely Building" and "First Shrine". For more than a thousand years, its reputation has spread far and wide at home and abroad, and it is actually a tourist attraction.
natural resources
fishery resources
Basic situation of fishery production: Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, fishery production in donggang city has fully implemented the Party's fishery principles and policies, which has led to rapid development. By the end of 22, the total area of seawater and freshwater aquaculture in the city reached 88, mu, and the total output of aquatic products reached 211, tons, achieving a total output value of 1.39 billion yuan. Calculated by comparable caliber, it accounts for 55.7% of the city's total agricultural income. Become the leading industry of the city's agricultural economy.
1. Harbor culture base
Harbor culture in donggang city began in 198. At first, it was pure culture of prawns. The best year was 1992, with an annual output of 13,83 tons of prawns and an output value of 27 million yuan. In 1993, it was attacked by shrimp disease, which caused the shrimp industry to fall into a trough. Due to the depression of shrimp culture, the exploration of polyculture-based culture mode began. By the end of 22, the aquaculture area in the harbor was 118, mu, of which the polyculture area was 114, mu, accounting for 96.4% of the total aquaculture area in Hong Kong. The total output is 25,358 tons, and the total output value is 288.54 million yuan. Among them, the output of prawns is 3,731 tons, with an output value of 116.7 million yuan; The polyculture output is 21,627 tons, with an output value of 171.84 million yuan. The main cultured species are China prawns, with an output of 3,6 tons. The output of Penaeus vannamei is 2 tons, and the polyculture species include Meretrix meretrix, with a yield of 8,5 tons and a price of 11, yuan; Ruditapes philippinarum, with a yield of 6,3 tons and a price of 7, yuan; Oriental red fin dolphin, with a yield of 52 tons and a price of 9, yuan; Portunus trituberculatus, with a yield of 6, yuan and PARALICHTHYS olivaceus, with a price of 7, yuan.
2. Beach shellfish culture base
The production of beach shellfish culture in donggang city began in the 196s. In recent years, due to ' s increased leadership in the beach shellfish breeding industry, a special management organization-donggang city Beach Shellfish Management Station was established, which intensified the development and management of beaches, and made the production of beach shellfish breeding in the whole city develop rapidly. By the end of 22, the whole city had developed a tidal flat area of 186, mu, with an output of 42,71 tons and an output value of 251.26 million yuan. The export of live shellfish is 19,92 tons, with an export supply of 145.38 million yuan. The cultured species are 23, tons of Ruditapes philippinarum with a price of 7, yuan per ton and 3, tons of Meretrix meretrix with a price of 11, yuan per ton. There are also four-corner clams, mud snails, green clams, beach snails, SINONOVACULA constricta and other small varieties.
3. Shallow-sea aquaculture base
Shallow-sea aquaculture is a new industry with broad development prospects. Donggang city began to develop shallow-sea aquaculture in 1993. By the end of 22, the shallow-sea development area of the city was 34, mu, with an output of 36,257 tons and an output value of 141.1 million yuan. 3,5 tons of shellfish are exported, with an export supply of 18.72 million yuan. The cultivation method is mainly bottom sowing, and the shallow sea raft culture is currently being developed. The main cultured species are Ruditapes philippinarum with a yield of 8, tons, a price of 7, yuan per ton, Scapharca subcrenata with a yield of 1,8 tons, a price of 6, yuan per ton, and Scapharca subcrenata with a yield of 2, tons and a price of 8, yuan per ton.
4. Paddy field fishery base
Paddy field fishery is an industry that emerged only in 1992. It has been highly valued by the municipal party committee and municipal government, and it has become one of the leading industries of aquaculture from scratch in just a few years. By 22, the fishing area of paddy fields in the city was 141,79 mu, with an output of 8,557 tons and an output value of 142.47 million yuan. Among them, the area for raising crabs in paddy fields is 12,49 mu, with an output of 5,824 tons and an output value of 123.95 million yuan; the area for raising fish in paddy fields is 33,165 mu, with an output of 2,424 tons and an output value of 12.26 million yuan; and the area for raising shrimps in paddy fields is 6,135 mu, with an output of 39 tons and an output value of 6.26 million yuan. The main species cultivated in rice fields are river crab, loach, crucian carp, catfish, Monopterus albus and four major fish.
5. Freshwater fish culture base
Freshwater fish culture is a traditional industry in donggang city, with a set of mature culture technology and production mode. By the end of 22, the freshwater fish culture area in the city reached 92,442 mu, with an output of 15,78 tons and an output value of 89.81 million yuan. In order to make full use of fresh water resources, the management of freshwater fish breeding production has been strengthened, and the freshwater fish breeding production has gradually developed from the traditional extensive breeding mode to the intensive breeding mode, and the breeding varieties have developed from the traditional four major fish to famous and special varieties. In addition to the existing dozens of breeding varieties such as carp, grass, silver carp, bighead carp, crucian carp, catfish, bream bream and German mirror carp, Nanmei has also been newly developed and introduced.
6. Marine fishing industry
On the premise of protecting fishery resources, marine fishing industry should make rational use of offshore fishery resources, strengthen and improve the summer fishing moratorium system, actively develop offshore operations, strictly control new marine fishing boats, resolutely ban the "three noes" fishing boats, and at the same time do a good job in proliferation and release to increase the amount of offshore resources. This year, we organized the first batch of fishing boats to enter the exclusive economic zone of Korea for fishing, with a fishing output of 2, tons. In 22, the marine fishing output was 82,51 tons, with an output value of 46.47 million yuan. Among them, the output of fish is 24,835 tons, that of shrimps and crabs is 26,844 tons, that of shellfish is 28,933 tons, that of jellyfish is 1,439 tons, that of puffer fish is 4 tons, and that of flounder is 2 tons.
7. Facility fishery
Facility fishery is a high-tech intensive farming method, which is a direction of fishery development. According to the production situation of this city, we adopted the guideline of adapting to local conditions, and adopted the method of combining indoor and outdoor in the way of aquaculture, which effectively reduced the cost of aquaculture and promoted the development of protected fisheries in this city. By the end of 22, the actual aquaculture area in the city was 58,3 square meters, and the output was 647 tons. The main varieties are 24 tons of PARALICHTHYS olivaceus and 2 tons of puffer fish, with an output value of 22.6 million yuan.
8. Aquatic product processing
There are more than 12 aquatic product freezing processing plants in the city, with a refrigerating capacity of 36, tons/time and a refrigerating capacity of 2,4 tons/day. It is distributed in the coastal towns of the city, and the more concentrated areas are Dadong, Qianyang, Chair Circle, Gushan, Bodhisattva Temple and other towns.
Forestry resources
The area of forestry land is 52,989.6 hectares, accounting for 21.7% of the total area of the city, the total forest area is 49,855.2 hectares, the total forest volume is 871, cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate is 3.1%. The forest resources are mainly concentrated in the north, with farmland shelterbelts in the south-central part.
according to forest species, forests are divided into: timber forest area is 3,99.4 hectares, accounting for 7.4% of the forest land area, shelter forest area is 19,444.2 hectares, accounting for 36.7% of the forest land area, special purpose forest area is 2,592 hectares, accounting for 5.9% of the forest land area, and economic forest area is 24,139.1 hectares, accounting for 45.6% of the forest land area.
The plantation area (excluding sparse forest) is 19,79 hectares, with a stock of 44,797 cubic meters; The area of natural forests (excluding sparse forests) is 16,918.5 hectares, with a storage capacity of 318,91 cubic meters.
The area of ecological public welfare forest in this city is 35,22.1 hectares. Among them, there are 13,765.2 hectares of water conservation forest, 7,739.4 hectares of national defense forest, 698.4 hectares of farmland and pasture protection forest, 436 hectares of environmental protection forest, 526.3 hectares of scenic forest, 468.4 hectares of bank protection forest and 635 hectares of soil and water conservation forest. The area of commercial forest is 17,967.5 hectares.
35, mu of hillsides were closed for afforestation, including 25, mu of water conservation forest, 5, mu of green passage and 5, mu of sandy silkworm farm.
the project of returning farmland to forests was officially started in 22, and 37,5 mu of afforestation was completed in two years. According to the planning requirements, all the existing sloping farmland in this city will be returned to forests by 25, bringing the total afforestation of the project to 14, mu.
Agricultural resources
The total sown area of grain in the city is 1.6 million mu, which is 31, mu less than that of last year, of which the sown area of rice is 663, mu, and the estimated output is 298,35 tons. The corn planting area is 35, mu, and the estimated output is 128,1 tons. The soybean planting area is 41, mu, and the yield can reach 3,46 tons. The planting area of potatoes and miscellaneous grains is 51, mu, and the output is 13, tons. It is estimated that the total output of grain crops is 442,91 tons.
The vegetable planting area in the city is 228, mu, accounting for 17% of the cultivated land, including 145, mu of protected vegetables, with an annual output of 6, tons and an annual output value of 864 million yuan.
the total fruit production area in the city is 283, mu, including 86, mu of strawberries, 89, mu of apples, 2,5 mu of pears, 42,7 mu of peaches, .5 million mu of plums, .41 million mu of hawthorn, .49 million mu of grapes, .8 million mu of apricots, and 3, mu of melons, with an annual output value of 62 million yuan.
Strawberry has been cultivated in Donggang for more than 8 years.