According to records in the Later Han Dynasty: "Yi Lou, ancient Sushen and Fuyu produced red jade." The current place name is Chaoyang, Liaoning. After the Han Dynasty, due to the spread of Buddhism to the east, the word agate confused the difference between red jade and red Qiong, also known as Qiong jade. In addition, classic books were lost due to the chaos of the Warring States Period, the Emperor of Qin burned books, and Xiang Yu burned Xianyang, so that there are almost no records in the literature and history of the Pre-Qin Dynasty. Moreover, the total mineral reserves surveyed in Beipiao, Chaoyang as of 2015 are extremely rare. They have rarely been seen since the Han Dynasty and were gradually lost in history. In the Republic of China, it was said that there is no red jade in the world. In this situation where precious jade is covered with dust and fish eyes are mixed with pearls, Warring States red, that is, red jade, has not disappeared during use, but it has disappeared in history. In China's 8,000-year-old jade civilization (to the present of the Xinglongwa Culture), agate products have played a supporting role in the development and evolution of jade culture for most of the time. Their production and use as tools can be traced back to the Paleolithic era. I will not go into details here. Used as jewelry, it has been produced and used since the late Hongshan Culture. With the advancement of history, two development lines formed: the Hu tribe and Rong tribe in the north, and the Qiangdi nobles in the northwest used a large number of agate beads, tubes, rings, and jue as the main body, with a small amount of amazonite, turquoise, crystal, and malachite strung in between. , coal essence, pyrophyllite...beads and tubes of various shapes made...as necklaces, forehead ornaments, wrist ornaments...(its essence is a simplified jade ritual system~compared to the highly developed jade production in the upper states of the Central Plains The reasons for their use are economics, technology, ideology, resources, and living habits...). Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, the vassal states in the Central Plains have begun to use agate beads and tubes as supplementary jade wares in the upper aristocracy. The use of jade accessories. The description of agate is also concise and to the point - red jade and jade are very secretive to modern people. Their origin, color and quality need to be further studied by archeology. Among them, the most favorable evidence of the pre-Qin application history of Beipiao material (Warring States Red) is the excavation of the cemetery of the Zhongshan Kingdom nobles in the middle Warring States Period in Pingshan County, Hebei Province in 1979. During this period, more than 300 beads and tubes used individually as necklaces were unearthed (similar to the current The material of Beipiao Warring States Red is highly similar), and the Zhongshan Kingdom in the pre-Qin Dynasty belongs to Bai Di. In addition, the agate ring from the Warring States Tomb of Dongdazhangzi in Jianchang, Liaoning is also highly consistent with the current Beipiao Warring States Red, and its location is also It belongs to the snobbish scope of Donghu in pre-Qin Dynasty! The above two examples are presented by the official rigorous scientific research and excavation. As for the folk, especially in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Liaoxi, and Eastern Mongolia... the Beipiao Warring States Reds from the Pre-Qin, Han, Liao, Jin, and Yuan Dynasties were sporadically unearthed and stored among the people. Beads, tubes, rings, sword ornaments... products are much higher than even geometric multiples and public collections. Returning to Beigou of Beipiao Cunzhuying, there is a place that the locals call "Wangba Pit". There are still hundreds of tons of ancient old slag accumulated around it (the leftovers of Beipiao Warring States Red with the core material taken out). ), remnants of old materials from the Pre-Qin period (small core materials with thick patties) have been unearthed from time to time on the Tushan Mountain in Cunzhuying. Various types of red onyx from the Pre-Qin period to the Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties (Beipiao) are collected by public and private individuals. Warring States Red) products combined with the ancient mines in Cunzhuying and old cores unearthed from time to time, we can roughly sort out a historical application context of red onyx (Beipiao Warring States Red): from the lower class of Xiajiadian Culture (Shang) to sporadic Appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty, flourished in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, gradually faded away during the Han Dynasty, and then emerged in the Liao and Jin Dynasties in Western Liaoning and Eastern Mongolia, then faded out and are back again today! From the Shang Dynasty to the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Beipiao Warring States Red has always developed in parallel with the jade civilization history of the Central Plains countries in the vast northern region of China, and finally became a dazzling pearl in the 8,000-year Chinese jade civilization.

The evolution of the name of Warring States red agate. Warring States red agate has long been discovered in Beipiao, but it did not attract widespread attention at the time. According to the 86-year-old Uncle Li from Beigou Village, Quanjuyong Township, Beipiao City (county level), when he was herding sheep when he was young, he found obvious mining traces on the agate mountain, and he also picked up a stone ax near the site. Warring States Red was excavated in large quantities and entered the market in 2008. At that time, people called this stone colored stone and multicolored agate, and later it was called Warring States Red. As the reputation of Warring States Red has spread, many friends have asked: Who came up with the name Warring States Red?

It can only be said that the origin of the various names of Warring States Red is social cognition, which fully reflects the wisdom of the masses. This situation also occurs in ornamental stones and is normal. Because there are now three channels for the origin of the names of strange stones in our country: first, the state organizes experts or special committees to name them; second, associations at all levels organize naming; and third, social cognition. It doesn’t matter who gave the name Warring States Red. What matters is whether it is appropriate or scientific to call this new agate stone produced in Chaoyang City Beipiao "Warring States Red".

There are many types of strange stones in my country, which are divided into modeling stones, colored stones, textured stones, mineral crystals, paleontological fossils, meteorites, etc. Agate belongs to the category of textured stones, and can be divided into multiple types according to color, texture, texture, characteristics, and appearance, and each type is divided into multiple varieties. Only by texture, it can be divided into sardonyx, descendant agate, water plant agate, branch agate, moss agate, ribbon agate, etc. Thin lines are called sardonyx, and wide lines are called banded agate. Sardonyx is also called red onyx. Warring States Red belongs to red onyx.

The cultural connotation of the name Warring States Red

Why is Beipiao Warring States Red positioned as a "jewel" rather than a "gem" or "jade"? Because Warring States Red has the properties and characteristics of both gemstones and jade, neither name alone is enough to cover the qualities of Warring States Red. This issue took more than two years of repeated discussion before it was finally settled. Calling Beipiao Warring States Red "gemstone" is the most accurate positioning! Analyzing the gemstone value of Beipiao Warring States Red from a market perspective, many Warring States Red players, merchants, and collectors increasingly recognize the gemstone value as the core value of Warring States Red. The positioning and title of "Warring States Ruby" is more accurate. ! In order to further objectively and fairly judge whether Warring States Red reaches the level of gemstones, this article mainly compares it with jadeite, Hetian jade, red sapphires, diamond rings and other recognized gemstones in the world to see whether the high-quality Warring States Red has the qualities Gem value. One hardness. Hardness is the most important indicator for testing and measuring gems. Without corresponding hardness, it is impossible to call it jewelry. Because jewelry is an accessory, it must reflect durability, practicality and heritage. A fine piece of jewelry can be passed down for generations to come. Therefore, on the premise of embodying the beauty of decoration, jewelry should not be afraid of bumps in life. The four famous seal stones, Shoushan, Bahrain, Qingtian and Chang, are as bright in color and jade texture as gemstones. However, because the hardness is too low (about 3 degrees), they are not suitable for making jewelry and wearing them. They have been used since ancient times. Entering the study as one of the four treasures of the study, he became famous all over the world with his name seal stone. The hardness of Warring States Red is 6.5-7.0 degrees, which exceeds the hardness of Hetian Jade and is almost the same as the hardness of ruby, sapphire and jade. Therefore, as soon as Warring States red jewelry inlays appeared on the market, they were immediately sought after, and the price kept rising. The value of a naked ring rose from 3,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan and then to 100,000 yuan in less than two years. A bracelet sells for hundreds of thousands, and its price is close to that of Hetian jade. It has the potential to catch up with Nanhong and jadeite that have a history of thousands of years. The proposition "Warring States Red" is majestic, rich in connotation, relevant and concise.

Two degrees of beauty. Beauty is the life of gemstones, and the core value of jewelry is bright color and sparkle. Brilliance is the natural criterion for measuring the value of jewelry. Regardless of men or women, the purpose of wearing jewelry is to be a beautiful decoration and satisfy the love of beauty (or even satisfy some people's mentality of showing off their wealth). The more colorful the color, the higher the value, and the brightness becomes a concrete representation of the price of jewelry. To some extent, the price of wearing jewelry has become a symbol of status, status and even wealth. The gorgeous color of Warring States Red is undisputed. It is the gorgeous color that attracts attention, captivates people, and becomes popular in the market! It can be said that the biggest feature of Warring States Red is its beautiful color. Her mainstream colors, red and yellow, complement each other, blending water and milk, with great artistic tension and reaching a very high artistic realm. When Warring States Red appears as a single color, the color charm reaches its extreme. Its chicken blood red, pigeon blood red and ruby's chicken blood red, pigeon blood red complement each other equally.

Trirefringence. Jewelry is the most vivid and essential description of jewelry for thousands of years. The refraction of diamonds is caused by artificial facets that refract light, creating colorful rays of light. The bright red and yellow shimmering silk of Warring States Red rely on the superposition of its own silk paths to form a wonderful dazzling movement, which is dreamlike, unpredictable, mysterious and colorful, making people feel relaxed and happy. When the pure yellow dazzling silk flashes, it flows with gold and color, showing the dazzling beauty of the gemstone; when the pure red dazzling silk sparkles, it flows like waves, and its beauty is unique. The wonderful flashing of Warring States red silk and the refracted luster of diamonds form completely different dazzling styles, but they have the same purpose. It's just that the Warring States Red has been in the world for a short time and has not been seen by more people, while South African diamond rings have a history of thousands of years, and the colorful luster they reflect has conquered the world. Four densities. Density determines the texture of a gemstone. The density is high, the gem texture is fine, and the luster is bright. The density is low, the texture of the gemstone appears loose and rough, and the luster is dim. Density and hardness determine the luster of a gemstone.

Warring States Red is denser than Hotan Jade, and is on the same level as jadeite, ruby ??sapphire, tourmaline, and southern red. Therefore, the texture of Warring States Red is very bright, luxurious, delicate to the touch, and has the beauty and visual impact of precious gemstones. In particular, there is a Warring States Red variety with an ice texture, which is comparable to ice jade. Its water head and saturation are very good. Coupled with its gorgeous color, it looks very noble.

Five gloss levels. Gloss is the soul of top jewelry. The Warring States Red, which does not form dazzling silk, reflects the luster of the jewelry, which is soft but bright, bright but not too bright, sparkling, graceful and luxurious, breathtaking, showing the beauty of pearls, and jade, ruby, sapphire , tourmaline, and southern red are no less than. In particular, the jewelry made of ice-type Warring States red has a bright luster that maximizes the dazzling beauty of Warring States rubies. It is not inferior to the world's top jewelry, and demonstrates its unique brilliance and unique personality. charm. Six degrees of smoothness. Moisture is one of the most important criteria for measuring jade. Since ancient times, we have not talked about jade without moisture. Jade without moisture is worthless. Condensation and moisture are the lifeblood of jade. Most varieties of Warring States Red have the moistening properties of jade. They condense like chicken fat and mutton fat and moisturize like baby skin. Gemstones such as jadeite, diamond rings, rubies, sapphires, and tourmalines do not have the characteristics of condensation. This is a major feature that distinguishes Warring States Red from other hard stones. The moistness of Warring States Red is comparable to Hetian Jade, Shoushan Tianhuang, and Bahrain Stone Chicken Oil Yellow. Its delicate and moist texture is smooth and delicate, just like stroking a baby's butt, which makes people put it down. The texture is coagulated and the texture is moist. This is the foundation of the Warring States period and spreads throughout the world!

Seven transparency. Hard gemstones are very transparent, such as diamond rings, jade, rubies, sapphires, etc. Jade is translucent and reflects the characteristics of condensation, such as Hetian jade, Xiu jade, etc. Warring States Red has both high-transparency gem varieties and translucent jade varieties. This constitutes the dual attributes of Warring States Red Jade and gemstones, so it is positioned as a gemstone. For example, the completely transparent glass type, ice type and Warring States Red with shimmering threads are transparent and flexible, brilliant and gorgeous, showing the charm of gemstones. The translucent bright red and yellow Warring States Red is condensed, restrained, warm and noble, and the character of jade is fully reflected in it. Treasures that have both the qualities of gemstones and jade are extremely rare and rare in the world, and the unique charm of Warring States Red comes from this. Eight degrees of beauty. In a broad sense, colored gems are all colored gems, and in a narrow sense, a collection of several colors on one gemstone is called a colored gem. Due to the human nature of loving colors, colorful treasures in a narrow sense are becoming increasingly popular internationally. Modern people pursue individuality, fashion, and classic aesthetic orientations. Warring States Red is catering to people's personalized needs for gemstones. Its beauty shines in the changes, showing another unique color composition charm. It is more dreamy and magical than a single color gemstone, satisfies people's multiple aesthetic sentiments, and can reflect the wearer's different personalities from multiple levels.

By comparing the eight indicators of several well-known gems and jades at home and abroad today, we can see that the Warring States red series gems and jades have the same quality, not only having the splendor of diamond rings, jade, rubies, and sapphires. It has the attributes of brilliance and brilliance. It also has the warm and delicate quality characteristics of the four famous Chinese jades represented by Hetian jade. It also has the gorgeous beauty of colored gems. Warring States Red should be a unique and rare gemstone variety in the world. Her red and yellow colors represent the cultural symbols of the Chinese nation, the Yan and Huang descendants, and carry the national cultural connotation of thousands of years.

There are only three words for "Warring States Red", which not only places the name of a strange stone in a large historical background, but also reflects China's traditional culture and the spirit of the times. The Warring States Period (475-221 BC) was an important historical period of turbulence and change in the history of our country. The Warring States pattern of the seven major kingdoms of Qin, Chu, Qi, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei was formally formed, each competing for supremacy. Reforms were widely implemented domestically, and "unity" and "union" were carried out in diplomacy, and eventually China's first unified feudal dynasty was established, which promoted the development of social history.

Red is the color that Chinese people like, pursue, and yearn for. It means celebration and auspiciousness. As far back as the Zhou Dynasty in the 11th century BC, red was commonly used in palace buildings. In the Han Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu called himself "the son of the Red Emperor," meaning red. After the Han Dynasty, the custom of advocating red in various parts of the country has basically become the same, and has been followed down, becoming China's traditional culture. Now the meaning of red is broader and deeper, symbolizing the prosperity of the country and the happiness of the people.

Red represents the spirit of the times, which is aboveboard, patriotic and dedicated, honest and pragmatic, innovative and striving for excellence, pursuing truth and never moving forward.

The collection prospects of Warring States Red In recent years, articles about Warring States Red have analyzed the market situation and development trends, and practice has proved that they are not wrong. Many players have summarized the practice of playing stone for many years; when playing stone, one is to play with strength, and the other is to play with culture. You can’t play it if you don’t have the strength, and you can’t play it if you lack the culture. The same should be true for collecting and appreciating Warring States Red. Beipiao Warring States Red has only been on the market for six or seven years, and the price has been rising, which is unacceptable, but this is reality. The impact of the general environment on the strange stone market has already appeared, but Warring States Red is not only unaffected, but the market price remains high. Mainly expressed in four aspects: 1. Good: Beipiao Warring States period has bright red color, rich colors, good quality and beautiful charm; there is no artificial color, fake or show-off, it is all natural; people can’t enjoy it enough, can’t see enough, and can’t see enough. People love it and can’t put it down. Erduo: More and more people recognize Warring States Red, the number of purchasers and processors is increasing, the number of merchants is increasing day by day, and the collection team is gradually expanding. Third Shao: Resources are limited and raw materials are scarce. More than half of the Agate Mountain area has been excavated, and there is not much red and yellow material produced in strata above 10 meters. I personally hoard a lot of good materials, but I don't sell them easily and wait for the opportunity. The four noble things: rare things are valuable. Beipiao Warring States Red is the same as other commodities, the price is determined by market demand.

The market is like an invisible big hand that regulates, controls, and affects the price of Warring States Red. This is something that no one can change. The market for Beipiao Warring States Red will become increasingly prosperous, and prices will continue to rise. Where collectors go, it's the old saying: Opportunities are everywhere, it depends on how you seize them. Akadama, also known as Warring States Red, has been confused and merged with agate during historical changes and actual circulation. After liberation, archeology developed vigorously, and red and yellow jade ritual vessels appeared in many Warring States tombs excavated. However, the world did not recognize them, so they were named "Warring States Red".

To truly distinguish Warring States Red, one should base it on historical facts, age, place of origin, and cultural relics.

The application of Warring States Red: originated in the early Shang Dynasty, originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, flourished in the Warring States and Han Dynasties, was used occasionally in the Liao and Jin Dynasties, and then fell silent. It has been used for more than 2,000 years. Its historical origins are supported by examples unearthed from all over the country.

The most favorable evidence of the pre-Qin application history of Beipiao material (Warring States Red) is the excavation of the Zhongshan noble cemetery in the middle Warring States period in Pingshan County, Hebei Province in 1979. During this period, more than 300 pieces used individually as necklaces were unearthed. Beads and tubes (highly similar to the current Beipiao Warring States Red material), and the Zhongshan Kingdom in the pre-Qin Dynasty belonged to Bai Di. In addition, the agate ring from the Warring States Period Tomb of Dongdazhangzi in Jianchang, Liaoning is also made of the current Beipiao Warring States Red material. It is highly consistent, and its area also belongs to the Donghu snobbery range of the pre-Qin Dynasty! The above two examples are presented by the official rigorous scientific research and excavation. As for the folk, especially in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Liaoxi, and Eastern Mongolia... the Beipiao Warring States Reds from the Pre-Qin, Han, Liao, Jin, and Yuan Dynasties were sporadically unearthed and stored among the people. Beads, tubes, rings, sword ornaments... products are much higher than even geometric multiples and public collections. Returning to Beigou of Cunzhuying in Beipiao, there is a place that the locals call "Wangba Pit". There are still hundreds of tons of ancient old slag accumulated around it (the leftovers of Beipiao Warring States Red from which the core material was taken out). ), remnants of old materials from the Pre-Qin period (small core materials with thick patties) have been unearthed from time to time on the Tushan Mountain in Cunzhuying. Various types of red onyx from the Pre-Qin period to the Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties (Beipiao) have been collected publicly and privately. Warring States Red) products combined with the ancient mines in Cunzhuying and old cores unearthed from time to time, we can roughly sort out a historical application context of red onyx (Beipiao Warring States Red): from the lower class of Xiajiadian Culture (Shang) to sporadic Appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty, flourished in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, gradually faded away in the Han and Han Dynasties, then emerged in the Liao and Jin Dynasties in Western Liaoning and Eastern Mongolia, then faded out, and are back again today!

[High-end Warring States Red Collection focuses on four major scales] As the Warring States Red has entered its sixth year, people’s awareness and understanding of Warring States Red has also been continuously strengthened. From unfamiliarity to understanding, every collector Everyone has their own experience. Collecting is not something that can be accomplished in one go. You have to learn by yourself and communicate with other people to continuously improve yourself. I believe that everyone’s Taobao experience is a rare experience. Everyone has his own thoughts and experiences when choosing a collection. Instead of admiring it in isolation, it is better to share it with others. First of all, the color must be bright. The word "Warring States Red" consists of two words, Warring States and red. The red letter here cannot be simply understood as red. This red letter represents the color of Warring States Red. The brighter and richer the color, the more worthy of collection.

Among all varieties of Warring States Red, bright color is an important criterion for positioning a high-quality product. There is a folk saying to describe beautiful women, which is called "One white covers all ugliness". When applied to Warring States Red, it means one beauty covers all flaws. The brightly colored Warring States Red is very scarce, and the raw materials that can achieve chicken oil yellow, lemon yellow, and bright blood red are very rare. Therefore, whether it is red, yellow, blue, or green, the more colorful it is, the more precious it is, and the higher the collection value. In addition, Warring States Red also comes in black and white. The reason is the same. The thicker the white, the rarer it is, and the darker the black, the rarer it is. Second, the picture must be perfect. Warring States Red is formed by the fusion of molten slurry and surrounding materials during volcanic eruptions. During the entire journey, various natural factors such as the squeezing and impact of external forces, the flow and dripping of the molten slurry itself, the evaporation and cooling of water in the air, caused the Warring States Red to form ever-changing pictures. This naturally formed pattern has different levels. Among them, Warring States Red, which has a messy picture, single layers, and chaotic interlaced lines, is of inferior quality. The top quality is clean and tidy, free from clutter and clear layers. If it naturally forms a realistic pictographic ornamental pattern, it is a rare collection. Warring States red pictures are generally divided into two parts: with silk and without silk. · The silk part is divided into single-color silk, multi-color silk, dense silk, flashing silk, etc. The most popular one is the bright red and yellow flashing silk. · Without the silk part, the picture often looks like a stream of ink splashing, with mountains and mountains, and leopard prints showing off. They are ever-changing and difficult to summarize. Third, the texture should be like jade. The texture is like jade, which cannot be separated from the water head. The Warring States Red Club, which is more stony, feels very dry and lacks spirituality. High-quality Warring States Red is beautiful jade. Whether it is pure red or pure yellow, or a combination of red and yellow, it is as smooth and smooth as jade, comfortable to the touch and beautiful to look at. Fourth, the workmanship must be exquisite

Simply no glue, no cracks and no defects is no longer the mainstream guiding ideology for collecting Warring States Red. The more important criterion is workmanship. Whether Warring States Red is a gemstone or a precious jade, excellent workmanship is already her minimum standard. When collecting literary utensils, you should choose ones with excellent workmanship and excellence, and be meticulous about the shape and shape of the utensils. What is important in collecting carvings is lifelikeness and meticulousness. Whether the carved picture is flat or three-dimensional, the proportions must be coordinated first, and the viewing should feel lifelike and almost real. The collection of jewelry depends on the cutting and polishing of Warring States rubies. Crystal clear is an indispensable standard. In addition, the inlay design must be avant-garde, fashionable, elegant and refined, so as to ensure that it will not be outdated and have more collection value. In short, exquisite craftsmanship is the standard. I believe that if you pay attention to these four criteria, it will be helpful to choose Warring States Red.