Fully implement quality education, focus on the three major tasks of "popularization, development and improvement", accelerate the adjustment of educational structure, promote the comprehensive and coordinated development of education, and build a learning society.
First, popularize and consolidate compulsory education.
Focus on strengthening rural compulsory education, and strive to reduce the dropout rate of rural students, especially female students, ethnic minority students and students from poor families. China's junior high school three-year retention rate reached 95%. Promote the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas and regions. Local governments should ensure that children of migrant workers receive compulsory education on an equal footing with local students.
Second, vigorously develop vocational education.
Focus on the development of secondary vocational education, and expand the annual enrollment to 8 million people. Develop various forms of vocational skills training. Reform the teaching methods of vocational education, update the teaching content, implement the training mode of combining work with study and school-enterprise cooperation, and establish the flexible learning system. Promote the coordinated development of vocational education and ordinary high school education, and improve the level and quality of running schools.
Third, improve the quality of higher education.
Focus on improving the quality and optimizing the structure of higher education, strengthen research and practice, and cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability. We will steadily improve the popularization level of higher education, steadily develop undergraduate and postgraduate education, and improve the quality of high-level personnel training. Focus on strengthening the construction of high-level universities and key disciplines, and promote the coordinated development of various colleges and universities. Continue to develop all kinds of adult education.
Fourth, increase investment in education.
Ensure that the growth rate of fiscal education funds is significantly higher than the growth rate of fiscal recurrent revenue, and gradually make the proportion of fiscal education funds in GDP reach 4%. Strengthen the responsibility of the government to guarantee compulsory education, and increase the transfer payment of compulsory education funds from the central and provincial governments to financially difficult counties. To promote education equity, public education resources should be tilted to rural areas, central and western regions, poverty-stricken areas, ethnic minority areas, weak schools and students from poor families. Governments at all levels should increase investment in vocational education and give priority to supporting secondary vocational schools for rural students. Support the establishment of non-governmental charitable fund organizations, subsidize students from poor families to attend school, and encourage all sectors of society to donate teaching AIDS. Continue to implement student loans, improve the student financial assistance system at all stages, and improve the financial assistance system for students with financial difficulties. Expand the revenue share of the lottery public welfare fund for special education.
Fifth, deepen the reform of the education system.
Clarify the responsibility of governments at all levels to provide public education, formulate and improve school setting standards, support the development of private education, and form a school-running pattern in which public education and private education develop together. Form a diversified education investment system, compulsory education is fully responsible by the government, high school education is mainly invested by the government, and vocational education and higher education are supplemented by government investment and social investment. Standardize education fees and establish a strict publicity system for education fees. Form a teaching system that meets the requirements of quality education, reform the entrance examination system, promote the reform of teaching courses, reduce the excessive academic burden of primary and secondary school students, and improve the evaluation system. Form an education management system with clear rights and responsibilities, give the school more autonomy in disciplines, majors and curriculum, enrollment scale and talent recruitment, and cultivate and give play to its advantages and characteristics. Further strengthen the construction of teachers.
Second, accelerate scientific and technological innovation and leapfrogging.
Take scientific and technological progress and innovation as an important driving force for economic and social development, put the development of education and training high-quality talents with both ability and political integrity in a more prominent strategic position, deepen system reform, increase investment, accelerate the development of scientific and technological education, and strive to build an innovative country and a powerful country with human capital. Implement the national medium-and long-term scientific and technological development plan, accelerate the construction of the national innovation system, continuously enhance the innovation ability of enterprises, strengthen the close integration of science and technology with economy and education, and comprehensively improve the overall strength of science and technology and the level of industrial technology in accordance with the principles of independent innovation, key leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future.
First, vigorously promote independent innovation.
Strengthen basic research, cutting-edge technology research and social welfare technology research, deploy in advance in the fields of information, life, space, ocean, nanotechnology and new materials, concentrate superior strength, increase investment, and strive to make important breakthroughs. To meet the country's major strategic needs, we will launch a number of major scientific and technological projects, strengthen research on key technologies in the fields of energy, resources, environment, agriculture, information and health, and realize the integration, innovation and leap of core technologies. Implement major industrial technology development projects to promote the digestion, absorption and innovation of imported technologies. Adhere to both philosophy and social sciences and natural sciences, and prosper and develop philosophy and social sciences. We will implement Marxist theoretical research and construction projects, build an innovation system for philosophy and social sciences, actively promote theoretical innovation, and further play an important role in promoting economic and social development. Promote the combination of natural science and philosophy and social science.
Second, strengthen the capacity building of independent innovation.
Build a scientific and technological support system and comprehensively enhance the ability of independent innovation in science and technology. We will build major national scientific and technological infrastructure, implement knowledge innovation projects, integrate research and experimental systems, build a number of world-class scientific research institutions and research universities, and build high-level scientific research and talent training bases. Implement major scientific projects, strengthen the construction of state key laboratories, build a national platform for basic conditions of science and technology, and promote the sharing of scientific and technological resources. Build a number of industrial technology research and development test facilities to improve the industrial technology innovation ability. Strengthen the construction of popular science ability and implement the national scientific quality action plan.
Third, strengthen the dominant position of enterprise technological innovation.
Accelerate the establishment of a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market as the guidance and Industry-University-Research as the combination, and form a basic institutional framework for independent innovation. Strengthen the construction of national engineering laboratories, national engineering centers and enterprise technology centers, and establish a basic support platform for independent innovation of enterprises. Develop intermediary services for technological innovation such as technical consultation and technology transfer, and form a socialized service system. Implement fiscal, taxation, finance and government procurement policies that support independent innovation, and guide enterprises to increase investment in research and development. Give full play to the innovation vitality of various enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, and encourage technological innovation and invention.
Fourth, strengthen intellectual property protection.
Strengthen citizens' awareness of intellectual property rights, improve the intellectual property protection system, establish an early warning mechanism for intellectual property rights, and severely crack down on infringement of intellectual property rights according to law. Strengthen the basic research of metrology, improve the national standard system, and eliminate backward standards in time. Give priority to the development of technical standards with independent intellectual property rights and actively participate in the formulation of international standards. Develop intellectual property services such as patents, trademarks, copyright transfer and agency, and intangible assets evaluation.
Fifth, deepen the reform of the science and technology system.
Integrate scientific and technological resources, rationally allocate basic research, cutting-edge technology research and social welfare research, promote the rational flow and cooperation of scientific research personnel among scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises, and build a scientific and technological resource sharing mechanism. Deepen the reform of technology development institutions and social welfare scientific research institutions, improve the system of modern scientific research institutes, and form an open and cooperative research and development system. Improve the scientific and technological management system and operation mechanism, and reform the scientific and technological evaluation and achievement evaluation reward system. Establish a diversified and multi-channel science and technology investment system, ensure that the growth rate of science and technology funds is significantly higher than the growth rate of recurrent fiscal revenue, and gradually increase the proportion of national financial science and technology investment in GDP. Overall technical strength and industry technical level.
Third, promote the strategy of strengthening the country through talents.
Adhere to the principle of the Party's management of talents, firmly establish the scientific concept of talents, expand the talent team, improve the quality of talents, optimize the talent structure, improve the employment mechanism, give full play to the role of talents, and promote the transformation from a populous country to a powerful country with human capital.
First, build a team of high-quality talents.
We should implement the training project for party and government talents, improve the training system, strengthen theoretical education, professional training and practical training, improve the ideological and political quality and ruling ability of party and government talents, and build a high-quality party and government leading group. Implement the project of cultivating entrepreneurs, cultivate a group of entrepreneurs with innovative consciousness and ability to meet the requirements of economic globalization, and promote the specialization and marketization of enterprise management talents. We will implement the knowledge updating project for professional and technical personnel and the training project for strategic high-tech talents, focusing on training and bringing up a number of leading scientific and technological talents, academic leaders and strategic scientists. Implement the high-skilled personnel training project, establish a number of high-skilled personnel training bases and public training bases, and build a high-skilled personnel team. Strengthen the cultivation of practical talents in rural areas. Strengthen the development of talent resources and the construction of talent team in the central and western regions and the northeast region. Encourage and guide overseas students to return to work and serve the country. Actively attract overseas high-level talents.
Second, innovate the working mechanism of talents.
Promote the market-oriented allocation of talent resources, eliminate the institutional obstacles to the development of talent market, standardize the management of talent market, and create a social environment in which talents come forth in large numbers and give full play to their talents. We will deepen the reform of the cadre and personnel system, improve the classified management system of cadres and personnel in organs, enterprises and institutions, and improve the mechanism of talent evaluation, selection, appointment and incentive guarantee with emphasis on morality, ability and performance. Establish a comprehensive evaluation system for cadres that meets the requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development, and pay attention to training talents in practice. Deepen the reform of the professional title system. Carrying out the civil servant law and perfecting the civil servant system. Governments at all levels, enterprises and institutions should increase investment in human resources development, strengthen human resources capacity building, and form a diversified investment mechanism.