Although there are similarities between Xuan paper and calligraphy paper, there are essential differences between them. Mainly reflected in four aspects: first, raw material composition; Second, the production process; Third, the use effect; Fourth, the preservation time. Recognizing the differences between them, we can correctly identify and use them. The raw material structure of Xuan paper is green sandalwood bark and grass, and the proportion of this raw material has been followed for nearly a thousand years and remains unchanged so far. The production process of Xuan paper is divided into two stages: raw material production and paper production. The characteristics of raw material production are: long production cycle. I never tire of making it. Tan bark and straw should be soaked in mountain spring water, soaked, boiled, sorted, spread in the sun, exposed to the sun and rain, bleached and other natural processing, so that each tan bark and straw are as white as cotton, soft and tough, and the production of raw materials is over. It will take 8-1 months for only one item. It can be said that the uniqueness of Xuan paper lies in its unique raw materials. The difficulty and complexity of making raw materials are beyond ordinary people's imagination, and each piece of rice paper is hard-won, which can be seen. Since the Tang Dynasty, the traditional manual operation has been maintained in the paper making process: bamboo curtain filtering and copying method is used to fish paper; Drying paper baked with fire wall and manually exposed; In the inspection process, it is a visual inspection one by one. When making rice paper with specifications such as Zhanger, Zhangliu, Zhangba and Erzhang, it can better show the subtlety and originality of the rice paper operation technology. Around the paper slot of the 8-16 paper fishermen's substation, * * * holds a paper curtain, which has a tacit understanding and coordinated hands, and is both cautious and calm and decisive. If a person has a little mistake, it will cause the consequences of all previous efforts. The appearance of Xuan paper is ordinary, but it has rich connotations. Its legendary color has always attracted the attention of people from all walks of life. For example, Liu Haisu, Yin Shoushi, Wu Zuoren, Li Keran and a large number of painting and calligraphy artists, regardless of their old age and infirmity, made a special trip to visit the factory to learn about the production process of Xuan paper. They said with emotion: We have used Xuan paper all our lives, but we don't know how it was made, so we must come and see it in our lifetime. On the one hand, to give up our wishes, and on the other hand, to express our gratitude to the rice paper workers and masters. They happily wrote inscriptions and painted pictures respectively, and lamented the hard-won rice paper one after another, praising its wonderful quality and being worthy of being a national treasure. The reason why Xuan paper is favored by painters and painters is that it has an ink-moistening effect that other papers can't compare with. Xuan paper is made of special technology and special raw materials, so it has the effect of absorbing silent particles and spreading ink. Especially in the era of writing with brush, the use of Xuan paper is limited to the upper class. Because of its long production cycle and high cost, the output can not meet the needs of the whole society at all. The ink moistening effect of Xuan paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the ink moistening is well-proportioned, and whether it is rewritten or lightly sketched, it can show clear levels. When painters and painters draw landscapes, this sense of "five colors of ink" is particularly obvious. Second, several strokes intersect, leaving pen marks; At the intersection of pen marks, there are shades, which can fully show the artistic conception of the painting and produce the three-dimensional effect of the work. The thick ink is dark and bright, and the light ink is not gray. Calligraphers write a dragon snake on Xuan paper, whether it is a cursive script in one go or a meticulous seal, they can do whatever they want, which fully reflects the wonderful taste of art. Not only that, after being inked, Xuan paper is stable without deformation, arching and warping because its own celadon bark fibers are evenly distributed and contain no impurities. The durability of Xuan paper is also determined by the characteristics of its own raw materials. The reason is that after repeated lime impregnation, cooking and long-term sunlight and dew bleaching, the chemical reaction tends to be stable, and the wood that is easy to produce qualitative change and moth-eaten in the early grass of Dalbergia odorifera has been eliminated. The tough fibers of the sandalwood skin make the paper strong and durable. The well-preserved art treasures, ancient books, documents and printed spectrum of calligraphy and painting in the past dynasties, which have lasted for thousands of years without decay, are the best evidence of Xuan paper's "Millennium Life".
calligraphy and painting paper is just a kind of ordinary paper with ink moistening characteristics. No matter its raw material composition, production technology, use effect and rice paper, it can not be mentioned in the same breath. Since the 198s, with the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people's spiritual and cultural needs have been increasing, and calligraphy and painting paper has emerged. The main producing areas of calligraphy and painting paper are Fuyang, Zhejiang, Du 'an, Guangxi, Jiajiang, Sichuan, Qian 'an, Hebei and Jingxian, Anhui. At first, the raw materials of painting and calligraphy paper were varied, including Chinese alpine rush pulp, wood pulp, bamboo pulp and waste paper pulp, and the quality of painting and calligraphy paper was also uneven. Gradually, the Chinese calligraphy and painting paper is made of Chinese alpine rush pulp produced in Hubei and Henan. The current annual output of calligraphy and painting paper is over 5, tons in Jingxian County alone. Gracilaria lemaneiformis is a wild herb, which grows more in the hilly area south of the Yellow River in China. Every autumn, when the leaves fall, that is, when the Chinese alpine rush is harvested. During the slack season, farmers harvest Chinese alpine rush as a sideline and sell it to paper mills in exchange for economic income. Papermakers make pure dry pulp board from Chinese alpine rush, and then sell it to various places to make painting and calligraphy paper or cultural paper. The pulping process of Gracilaria lemaneiformis, like wheat straw, is through crushing, pulping, bleaching, drying and so on. It only takes two to three days to change from grass to pulp. The pulping process of Gracilaria lemaneiformis is simple and has been strengthened, so it contains a lot of miscellaneous cells and substances, which inevitably affects the paper quality. Because of its soft nature, Gracilaria lemaneiformis will dissolve quickly after it is made into pulp board as long as it is soaked in water. After the painting and calligraphy paper manufacturer buys back the pulp board, it is soaked into paste by the pulp board, and it is beaten evenly with a beater, and then it can be copied into the trough. Similarly, it takes only three days to make calligraphy and painting paper from pulp board, that is to say, the whole process from Chinese alpine rush to calligraphy and painting paper is only about five days. As for the ink-wetting performance of painting and calligraphy paper, it lies entirely in its own solubility. Compared with Xuan paper, the ink wetting forms of painting and calligraphy paper are as follows: irregular and asymmetrical; It doesn't show hierarchy, but just infiltrates blindly. Beginners often use it to practice calligraphy. If it is used to practice painting, it is not ideal. The characteristics of paper limit the user's conception and imagination. Most importantly, compared with the "Mo Yun Qianqiu" of Xuan paper, calligraphy and painting paper can't match it. Its preservation life is only a few decades. If it is not properly kept, it will fade and be eaten by insects even in a shorter time.
some customers reported that the works they created with calligraphy and painting paper in the mid-198s are now unrecognizable, with serious fading, moth-eaten around them and gray ink. They did not buy real Xuan paper because they were greedy for cheap or lacked the ability to distinguish, which led to today's consequences. Then, how to distinguish Xuan paper from calligraphy and painting paper without instruments? First, the naked eye resolution method: pick up the paper and look at it in the light, and you will find that the rice paper is covered with cloud-like filaments, which are sandalwood fibers; You can also find the ribs of the grass (there are always 8 to 1 strips 2-3 mm long on a piece of paper). On the other hand, the calligraphy and painting paper made of Chinese alpine rush is not only absent, but relatively speaking, it is too white. The second is the inking method, in which four kinds of ink marks, which are lighter, lighter, thicker and thicker, are traced on the same place on the paper with a pen to observe the ink receiving effect of the paper. If it is Xuan paper, it can clearly show the pen marks and layers, while painting and calligraphy paper is blurred at the overlap of pen marks, especially after absorbing heavy and thick ink, the paper will break because of poor fiber degree, so people generally adopt the first method when identifying paper; Professionals often use two methods of identification. Of course, the safest way is to recognize the trademark.