A Dream of Red Mansions is deeply branded with the imprint of Chinese traditional culture. For example, it adopts the organic integration of positive romanticism and realism, strives to reflect the real social life more fully, and guides readers to understand life with idealized characters. A Dream of Red Mansions is artistic language, accurate, popular, vivid and rich, with feeling color and artistic charm and strong expressive force. Is the most outstanding representative of Chinese classical novels.
A Dream of Red Mansions is rich in content and all-encompassing, and is known as the encyclopedia of feudal society in China. Wang Xilian, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, once commented: "In a book, Han Mo wrote poems and songs, wrote poems, loved books and operas, and wrote couplets, wine lamps and jokes, all of which were excellent; In the technical world, the piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, medical astrology, and craftsmanship, planting flowers and fruits, nourishing birds and fish, and cooking with needles, are all in detail; People are square and evil, chaste and stubborn, virtuous and heroic, strong and cowardly, and the previous generation of female generals, foreign poets, immortals and ghosts, nuns and women, prostitutes and actresses, slaves, thieves and demons, drunkards and rogues, with color and color; The deeds are prosperous banquets, extravagant and obscene, honest and honest, palace ceremonies, celebration of ups and downs, prison sentences, as well as chanting and setting up an altar, trading and gaining business, everything is complete; Even the end of life, swallowing gold and taking poison, sudden illness and death, drug mistakes, as well as committing suicide, throwing himself into a river and jumping into a well, being forced to hang a beam, bumping into a step and getting rid of sperm, etc., are all available. It can be said that it is all-encompassing, and it can be said that it is as big as the sea, which is beyond the reach of other novels. "
China has a feudal history of more than 2, years, which is the essence of farming society and the cradle of Chinese civilization. A Dream of Red Mansions was born under such a background. The full text covers three basic levels of China feudal society: material culture, institutional culture and spiritual culture. A Dream of Red Mansions is a review, summary, condensation and artistic expression of the whole ancient culture of China, and it is a master of the life culture of feudal society in China. A Dream of Red Mansions is inexhaustible, just as Mr. Lu Xun said when commenting on A Dream of Red Mansions, "Just because of the readers' eyes, there are all kinds of scholars who see the Book of Changes, Taoists who see obscenity, gifted scholars who see lingering, revolutionaries who see the row full, and gossips who see the secret affairs of the palace ..."
The ideological root of A Dream of Red Mansions is rooted in the soil of Chinese culture, in the Chinese civilization. In the author's era, foreign and internal, ideal and reality were in fierce collision, and the embarrassment of the times finally made this immortal masterpiece.
Cao Xueqin was born at the beginning of the 18th century. It has been 4 years since the Renaissance in Europe. During this period, the worldwide humanistic trend of thought has further developed, which is characterized by opposing the medieval theocracy and autocratic rule, respecting and advocating human values, and people should dominate themselves. At the same time, science was strongly advocated, resulting in Copernicus' theory of the sun. China's feudal dynasty was in its heyday, while the west entered a scientific era of further understanding of the world. In 176, Britain began the industrial revolution. In the 25th year of Qianlong, the manuscript of The Red Mansion was born and spread in the society. At this time, the steam engine invented by Watt has been applied to industry, bringing the climax of the industrial revolution. At that time, China's isolation from the world was serious, but it was not that there was no wind blowing in. In the 1th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1582), Italian missionary Matteo Ricci came to China to preach, bringing western civilization and science and technology. In the 3th year of Wanli, Matteo Ricci came to Beijing and presented a bell to please the emperor. At the same time, he brought the map of the world, that is, the map of the world, which broadened the horizons of the upper class and the literati. Later, Tang Ruowang, a priest of Jesus, came to China during the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, bringing Christianity, western civilization and scientific knowledge. Christianity advocates that everyone is equal before God and opposes concubinage. These thoughts cannot but affect China society, especially the upper intelligentsia. This is the external ideological source of A Dream of Red Mansions, that is, the world environment.
Before the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions, the struggle between feudal ideas and new ideas sprouting from capitalism was fierce from the development of foreign environment and domestic situation. Some scholars point out that the imperial examination system is more harmful to people than "burning books to bury Confucianism". The oppression of women in feudal society was even more cruel. When reading A Dream of Red Mansions, it is another taste and experience to understand the historical background and social conditions of the novel. Because of the change of the times, Chinese culture itself will not be in a static state forever. The wheel of the times crushes everything.
Ming and Qing dynasties, as the last two dynasties in China feudal society, entered the period of Chinese civilization. Scholars in the Ming and Qing Dynasties bear too many historical burdens. While admiring the glory of their predecessors, they always hope to put their brilliant achievements into their own track. A Dream of Red Mansions, as a peak in the literary history of China's feudal society in his later years, embodies the conscious inheritance and application of Chinese classical culture, so that he can have enough boldness of vision to show the life and social Vientiane of feudal society with the encyclopedic panoramic vision of China's feudal society.
entering the world of the red chamber is like entering the grand view garden of China traditional culture. "In a book, Han Mo's poems and songs, calligraphy and calligraphy, calligraphy and opera, as well as couplets, wine riddles and storytelling jokes are all good; The skills are piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, medical astrology, and craftsmanship, planting flowers and fruits, raising birds and fish, and cooking with needles, which are all-inclusive. As Mr. Zhou Ruchang said, A Dream of Red Mansions is a "Chinese cultural novel" and "full of the essence of Chinese traditional culture". Especially in the Dream of Red Mansions, the classic sadness of the Chinese nation comes to me. "The fog of sadness is all over Hualin", which has a traditional poetic temperament: Zhuangzi's detachment, Qu Yuan's lament, Buddhism's emptiness and Confucianism's worry about the world. All are cast in the red chamber. Therefore, the thoughts reflected in a dream of red mansions are also extremely complicated, and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism can all find their own figures in them, but they seem to be none.
The beauty of a Dream of Red Mansions lies not only in its narrative style drifting from the stream, the skeleton structure of the grass snake gray line, and the vivid and plump characters, but also in its own cultural atmosphere of China classical literature, which shows the sanctity of literati and culture.
A Dream of Red Mansions is a book of liberation and persistence. It is full of attachment to individuality and ideals. There is a deep sadness hidden in the depths of wealth and luxury in the book, and this sadness implies the author's sense of hardship that he can't die out and give up, a deep sense of history in his subconscious, that is, an ultimate inquiry into life's eternity.
Wang Meng once said: "The whole book has a sense of tragedy in life, a sense of social decline, a sense of destiny, and finally a sense of transcendence." The meaning of a dream of red mansions interpreted by readers may exceed the author's subjective thoughts, but Cao Xueqin has some transcendence over Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. However, while denying the feudal traditional concept, he also showed the mindset of traditional intellectuals. Jia Baoyu couldn't find a way out. He didn't let Jia Baoyu go to ruin, but left this dream full of emotion, liberation and persistence for future generations. While affirming Jia Baoyu's "last-day stupidity", there is a light of speculation to explore reasonable human nature. However, in the depths of Cao Xueqin's consciousness, there is an identification with traditional culture, so a return to traditional culture has taken place. Therefore, the tragedy of A Dream of Red Mansions is actually a tragedy of China's traditional culture and an irresistible tragedy of the last-day history and culture at that time.
the deeper the cultural accumulation of a work, the greater the amount of information it stores, and the more it can arouse people's strong concern and enthusiasm for discussion. Studying A Dream of Red Mansions is studying the traditional culture of China, which has become the fossil and specimen of the national traditional culture, which is an achievement that any other novel of China can't achieve.
A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic novel with the highest achievement in the history of Chinese literature, and it is also one of the few masterpieces that can represent the culture of a nation and have the common value of human culture in the history of world culture. A Dream of Red Mansions can and has played a role in leading China literature to the world.