Mountains
The mountains in Qingdao have their own tastes, styles and characteristics. For example, Laoshan Mountain is famous for its "hard work" in climbing, and mountains are connected, so it was called "Laoshan Mountain" more than two thousand years ago. Again, Fushan. People sail on the sea, overlooking the mountains of their hometown, and the most emotional thing is the floating mountain. Because from a distance, the nine hills of Fushan line up like a green barrier, floating on the sea, so it is called "Fushan". There are also Shuishu Mountain, Guanxiang Mountain, Guanhai Mountain, Shuang Shan, Danshan Mountain and Beiling Mountain, and so on. People can guess it by name.
Fish Mountain Culture
Some mountains are named because of their pictographs, such as Fish Mountain, which means that they swim into the sea like fish. That is to say, Yushan is the closest mountain in Qingdao to the sea, with an altitude of 62 meters. It really rises from the sea and stands out from the rest. In the view of Yu Dafu and Shen Congwen, Yushan is a good place for them to "live in seclusion". Here, they can throw all the thoughts in the world to the outside of the cloud nine at once, and sleep with the sunset with the waves on their heads. Go to the heights and look far with the morning glow.
Kang Youwei, on the other hand, has been planning to live on Yushan since 1924. He wants to carefully hide his residual fire on the fish mountain. Because he chose an official residence of the former governor of Jiaoao as his "summer villa" in Qingdao and named it "Tianyuan Garden". I am also like an "elder" of a mountain, riding a horse to patrol the mountain every day to see the moon and guide the stars and rows. It is a pity that Kang Youwei, a generation of reform leader and master of Confucian classics, fell at the foot of Yushan Mountain. Yushan shared his infinite glory. Therefore, later writers, scholars and experts, professors, and artists came to live here one after another. Therefore, besides Lao She, Liang Shiqiu, Wen Yiduo, Hong Shen and Song Chunfang, there are Tong Dizhou, Mao Hanli, Cheng Fangwu, Zhu Shuping, Feng Yuanjun and Lu Kanru. For a time, Yushan became a "famous cultural mountain" where Chinese cultural celebrities lived together. "Fish Mountain Culture" and the miracle created by "Fish Mountain Culture" have also attracted worldwide attention.
habitable mountains
The mountains in Qingdao are mostly granite mountains with abrupt, towering peaks and dense trees, so they are very suitable for living. In other words, such a living environment is rare in the whole country.
judging from the history of Qingdao's urban development, the earliest inhabited mountains in Qingdao are Huishan and Qingdao Mountain. Huishan was the name of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and now it is called Taiping Mountain. It is named because it faces the Pacific Ocean outside the Yellow Sea. Among these two mountains, there are two original villages, one is Qianhui Village and the other is Qingdao Village. Before the meeting, the village address is now the East Park of Zhongshan Park, while the village address of Qingdao is now the guesthouse, Qingdao Road, Jiangsu Road and Changzhou Road. By the beginning of the last century, there were about 1, villagers in these two villages, who were the aborigines of Qingdao.
The original Qingdao people made a living by fishing in the sea. Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao Bay, Huiquan Bay and Fushan Bay are all the earliest fishing grounds in Qingdao, and they are also places where fishermen repair boats and nets. Later, Qingdao people began to grow crops in the mountains, such as wheat, cotton, soybeans and peanuts.
The earliest house of Qingdao people was also a "stone house" with the roof covered with seaweed and wheat straw, and all the walls were made of granite. Of course, there are also simple semi-crypt houses, which are called "crypts". When the Germans invaded Qingdao in the winter of 1897, Almost all the traditional Chinese houses in Qingdao have been demolished, leaving only two symbolic buildings, namely "Old Yamen" and "Tianhou Palace". What followed was a piece of villa houses with European customs, which spread all over the hills. As a result, Qingdao has a unique "original city color" that combines "green hills" and "red tiles".
The beauty of mountain residence
Most buildings in Qingdao are built according to the mountain situation, and their building volume changes with the ups and downs of the mountain, becoming a delicate "decoration" of the mountain. This is different from the buildings in some other cities in China, and there are few houses facing south and north. Because Qingdao is located in a promontory with many hills, it is obviously a basic design principle of urban planning to rely on mountains. Of course, this design principle will also be reflected in the details of some classic buildings. In fact, what is even more amazing is that these urban architectural design principles also include some factors such as meteorology, oceans, rivers and earthquakes.
So, if we observe carefully, it will not be difficult to find that no matter what the direction of Qingdao's buildings is, the main facade of its buildings basically faces southeast, while the gables and cornices in the northeast or northwest are relatively high. Because there are two main wind directions in Qingdao every year: southeast wind and northwest wind. The southeast wind not only brought the cool marine climate to Qingdao, but also brought a lot of rain. Therefore, Qingdao is also famous for its humidity in summer. However, the northwest wind brings dry and cold inland and snow, but the snow on the north facade of the building will be greatly weakened due to the gradual occlusion of many mountains. Based on such a condition, the tile slope of Qingdao buildings is smaller than that of European buildings with the same latitude. Moreover, the windows on the north side of many old houses are smaller than those on the south side, and the spiral stairs are mostly located on the north side. In the south, there are not only big windows, but also internal and external corridors and balconies. What's more, there are tiger windows and unique wooden frames, which not only achieve the effect of ventilation, but also absorb a lot of heat from the sun through the wooden frames and increase the humanistic color.
So, the mountains in Qingdao are a kind of urban resources and the natural context of the beautiful outline of the city.
Sea
The sea in Qingdao is affectionate, romantic, charming, vast and not dull, which makes people think and linger. This is because the sea in Qingdao is closer to the city, more natural, more friendly and richer.
For Qingdao people, the sea is not only a kind of dependence and yearning for the city, but also a "blank space" in urban space. It is full of mysterious colors every day, and the rhythm and breathing of the city are accompanied by the paddle sound and light shadow every day.
The sea is the "original color" and "advertising color" of Qingdao, an ancient and modern city, and it is also the favorite color of Qingdao people. For example, in all the trademarks of famous enterprises in Qingdao, almost all have the movement and color of the sea. Like Haier and Hisense, the word "sea" is not only on the trademark of the enterprise, but also in the name of the enterprise. Another example is Tsingtao Brewery, Aucma, etc. They not only "combine" hops and waves, but also "combine" the ocean with the development prospects of large-scale backbone enterprises in Qingdao. Therefore, we have to say that the sea in Qingdao not only has a natural color, but also we can often feel a kind of grandeur and boldness. Qingdao Sea, blue sound of spring, summer love, autumn interest and winter dream.
Sea and Life
From the time I started walking, I learned to "catch the sea", which may be a unique way of life for Qingdao people. A little older, children in Qingdao will plunge into the sea as a "fierce soldier" to find life in the sea. However, whether it's "rushing to the sea" or "plunging", Qingdao people are accepting the initial test of the sea. The "exam" in childhood is unqualified, and the harvest after growing up is obviously different.
The sea can "lift" you up and drown you out, which is a law that the sea teaches Qingdao people to look at the cold world. Qingdao people are not arrogant, self-abased, complacent, conceited, do not stop moving forward, and do not waste their time like water, which is also an instinct of the sea. And Qingdao people also inherited this instinct gracefully.
Qingdao people have all dreamed of the sea, listened to the sound of the waves in class and reading, and compared the sea to a symbol of strength. For example, it is "massive" to say that others have a large amount of alcohol; Say that you are magnanimous, which is "the sea contains"; There are too many people or things to count, which is "the sea." Also, when some uneducated people get together, they say "eating nonsense"; The big bowl used at home is called "sea bowl".
More than half a century ago, in the sea of Qingdao, the Germans also set up a cast iron mechanical sounder, which can forecast the sea breeze, waves and sea fog through "whistling", so Qingdao people called it "manatee". "Manatee" is a kind of urban landscape in Qingdao, which is stained with the indelible mark of colonial culture in the 19th century.
Sea of culture
In the culture of Qingdao, it is not difficult for us to see or find the shadow of the sea.
In the modern architecture of Qingdao, there are many architectural reliefs with decorative patterns and "water patterns" symbolizing the sea. For example, on the facade of the guest house of the Governor's residence in Jiaoao, there are such patterns and "water lines". Not only that, but also the granite gable in the east, there are cable piles, anchor chains and sailor knots. When building some buildings, Qingdao people also included the image of the ship, the tower and the porthole in the architectural culture, which made people have rich associations. We can proudly say that these cultural characteristics are also endowed by the sea, which shows such a broad picture of life for Qingdao people.
The aquarium, marine museum and marine specimen museum in Qingdao are not only scientific research institutions of marine life in Qingdao, but also an important window to publicize marine science. Here, people can hear the call of the sea and see another mysterious world under the sea. In the near future, Qingdao, as the "sailing capital", will certainly have a sailing museum to show the sailing culture of Qingdao Ocean City, the early fishermen's life and ocean exploration.
The concept of the sea
In the thinking space of Qingdao people, the sea is synonymous with kindness, tolerance, generosity, hospitality, enthusiasm, all-encompassing and omnipotent. In the geographical map of Qingdao, Qingdao is just a long and narrow peninsula, surrounded and cared for by the sea on three sides. The sea is like a mother full of divine power, holding Qingdao with her warm big hands. Therefore, Qingdao people always live in a kind of pride and self-appreciation, just like living in the Peach Blossom Garden, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. They feel that they are living on the edge of the world, and they also think that they are the center of the world. It seems that mountains, seas, green trees and blue sky are all around them, and they are favored by heaven.
Many life situations of Qingdao people have to tell the sea and let it know. No matter what time it is, as long as he stands in front of the sea, he has comfort and confidence. Therefore, even if a person is on a business trip, the first thing he does when he gets home is to walk to the seaside and sit on the red reef. It seems that only the sea can read his mind at this moment.
Sometimes, the sea is also a barometer of Qingdao people. What's the weather like today? Without looking at the "weather forecast", they can also recognize it from the color of the sea and the size of the waves. Therefore, the sea has taught Qingdao people many things. Of course, what we are talking about here is not the natural sea in general, but the "social sea" derived from the ocean. For example, the long-term harassment of Qingdao coast by Japanese pirates in the Ming Dynasty, the sudden berthing of Russian warships and the occupation of Jiaozhou Bay by German troops in the late Qing Dynasty, and the long-term occupation here by Japanese and American troops, as well as the large merchant ships coming in and out of Qingdao as a "free port".
In a big way, the sea in Qingdao is an endless sky. You don't have to care about her at ordinary times, but she always watches you. To a small extent, the sea in Qingdao is still like an ordinary button. You come into contact with her consciously or unconsciously every day. She is so important and useful to you and loyal to your duties, but you can't really understand her.
City
For example, if the mountains in Qingdao are an ancient history, then the sea in Qingdao is an ancient history, while the city in Qingdao is a modern history.
this is indeed the case. What the mountains in Qingdao hold up are ancient human stories and myths and legends. For example, in the Han Dynasty, the story of a child recovering from a tiger on a tiger-taming mountain, the legend of Qin Shihuang's visit to Laoshan Mountain, the famous poem "To Wangwu Mountain's Meng Darong" left by Li Bai, and the story of Zhang Sanfeng and Qiu Chuji practicing in Laoshan Mountain. Of course, we can't forget Pu Songling's timeless stories, Taoist of Laoshan Mountain and Xiangyu. On the hills in the old city, we can also find the historical relics and others of the bonfire piers established in the early Ming Dynasty.
The sea of Qingdao, 1, years ago, was still a vast prairie, dense forest and wetland. At that time, there were mammoths, elk and other large animals living in Jiaozhou Bay and the Yellow Sea. Until one day, under the movement of continental plates and volcanoes, Jiaozhou Bay was filled with seawater, and a Wang Yang appeared at the foot of Qingdao.
The city of Qingdao was first built in the early Ming Dynasty, which was the first year of Hongwu in 1368. This is the earliest record of Qingdao city history with Qingdao as the coordinate. At that time, the city of Qingdao was named "Fushan Station", which is now the area around Shandong Road and Hong Kong Road. This city was built to resist the Japanese pirates, and it was also an important measure for the Ming Dynasty to open up wasteland and defend the border.
At present, there are some legends about the old people in Fushan Institute. In Fushan Bay in the Ming Dynasty, the sailboats of the coach navy were always lined up, as far as the eye could see. The red and yellow flags on that ship, like a jungle, cover the sky and are spectacular. This is a true portrayal of Qingdao as an ancient city.
Qingdao, as a modern city, started from the German occupation in 1897, and is still just a "century-old Qingdao". The pattern of this Qingdao city is different from the previous one, that is, the mountains and the sea are taken as the reference system of the city, and the city is built between mountains and seas, enjoying the charm of mountains and seas endowed by nature and absorbing the blue light and sea colors. Therefore, after a hundred years of baptism and construction, a seaside city rose from the sea and stood on the mountain, becoming the oriental gateway of the motherland.
the city of Europe
Qingdao has always been called the city of "Oriental Switzerland" and "World Architecture Expo". Its urban quality is also summarized as "red tiles, green trees, blue sea and green hills". That is to say, Qingdao is quiet and small in Switzerland, and there are various typical buildings. The large red tiled roofs in the city refer to the scale and style of the building; And the tree-lined streets constitute the depth of its peaks and turns; The blue sea and green hills, as the two "dynamic backgrounds" of the city, are presented to the world. Therefore, all the tourists who have been to Qingdao all lament that the mountains and seas here are natural. In fact, this is the beauty and charm of Qingdao, and it is also a European style.
Some people say that the most beautiful place in Qingdao is that the buildings in its city are close to the sea, and the roads are constantly extending with the bending of the sea. Others say that the mountains of Qingdao embrace the city and the sea in their arms, with red tiles and blue sea. Both of these statements make sense. In fact, the city of Qingdao is an organic combination and filling of mountains and seas. Without this magnificent city scenery, the green hills and the blue sea would lack the spirit.