With the continuous development of blockchain, the application coverage of blockchain is getting wider and wider. With the improvement of scalability and efficiency, the application scope of blockchain will go beyond the financial field and expand to Logistics, real estate, the Internet of Things and other fields have become the lowest level protocol in the future society, which means that blockchain will enter the 3.0 era.

The blockchain 1.0 era is represented by BTC (decentralization concept), which plays more of a distributed accounting role such as BTC, Ripple, BCH, Litecoin, Dogecoin, etc. It is more used for digital currency accounting. Of course, the development in the first stage is not perfect. Bitcoin still has many problems that need to be solved, such as expansion, lightning payments, hard forks, etc.

With further completion, the blockchain has entered the 2.0 era, represented by ETH (smart contract), and entered the contract stage.

Blockchain 2.0 represented by ETH is a great progress, but there are still many problems, such as channel congestion, slow transaction speed, fork risk, and high handling fees. etc. For example, after the popular CryptoKitties was launched on the Ethereum platform, it occupied about 25% of the Ethereum network at its peak, causing congestion on the entire Ethereum network and seriously affecting the experience of other Ethereum users. The current development is a transition process from the first stage to the second stage.

After bidding farewell to the 1.0 and 2.0 eras, thanks to the continuous development of technology, blockchain has become more practical. This also means that the blockchain will completely break away from the financial attributes of the start-up period and enter practical application scenarios in all walks of life with its decentralization and other characteristics.

This also means that the blockchain has officially opened its 3.0 era - the era of comprehensive application. The blockchain industry structure in the 3.0 era is also more complex. Today I will give you a brief analysis.

The blockchain industry in the 3.0 era is divided into three levels: basic layer, service layer and application layer.

(1) Basic layer

The corresponding upstream, middle and downstream parts of the industrial chain include: upstream underlying technology and infrastructure (core technology, equipment, underlying platform Deployment method), the midstream service layer mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology; the downstream application layer includes finance, supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, government enterprises, services, social applications, etc.

Hardware, technology and infrastructure manufacturers mainly provide chips, mining machines, mining pools, hard drives, routers and other infrastructure necessary for blockchain applications.

The underlying platform deployment methods can be divided into public chain, alliance chain, and private chain.

The underlying technology includes core basic components, protocols and algorithms. Based on the underlying core technology components, it provides different functions for different application scenarios, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.

The base layer provides the underlying blockchain or distributed ledger technology framework, mainly including Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric, R3 Corda, FISCO BCOS, etc.

(2) Service layer

The service layer refers to the BaaS (Blockchain as a Service) platform. The main BaaS platform in China is Ant Blockchain. BaaS platform, Tencent Cloud TBaaS, Ping An One Account BaaS platform, etc.

It mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology. It provides productized services such as smart contracts, information security, and data services based on the underlying technology to improve It is convenient and scalable for developers to develop applications at the platform layer.

Application and service manufacturers are responsible for the research and development of general blockchain technology and technology expansion platforms, the construction of digital currency education and storage platforms, and provide technical support for the industry application layer.

(3) Application layer

The application layer is represented by core application components, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.

Refers to the end user or service provider of blockchain. The main application scenarios of blockchain now include cross-border payment, anti-counterfeiting traceability, supply chain finance, and trade financing. , electronic bills, ABS, etc.

Service objects are divided into two categories: B-side (starting stage): blockchain (finance, supply chain management, copyright protection, education); C-side (first to land) ): Blockchain (***enjoyment economy, pan-entertainment).

The downstream blockchain application field is the combination of blockchain technology and existing industries. Now, many industries have started to use blockchain technology. The application era of Chain 3.0.

(1) Blockchain supply chain

Blockchain supply chain enables full-process traceability of product information. The traceability and anti-counterfeiting system of the traditional supply chain has shortcomings such as opaque information, easy data tampering, poor security and relative closure. However, using blockchain technology and Internet of Things technology, the information on the raw material purchasing process, production process and circulation process of goods can be processed. Integration and traceability can truly realize the full-process authentic traceability across brands, channels, retailers, and consumers, down to each item and code, significantly improving user trust experience.

(2) Blockchain Internet of Things

Build an information exchange network in the era of Internet of Everything. As the number of devices in the Internet of Things grows, the distributed nature of the blockchain provides a way for self-governance of the Internet of Things, which can help devices in the Internet of Things understand each other and understand the correlation between different devices, thereby realizing the distribution of the Internet of Things. type control.

(3) Blockchain medical

Ensure the security and sharing of medical data. Using blockchain technology to mathematically encrypt medical data can effectively prevent risks such as malicious modification of medical data. The medical data sharing and exchange system developed using blockchain technology uploads encrypted medical data, allowing data to be shared and circulated quickly, efficiently and securely between patients and medical institutions. It effectively simplifies the medical data calling process and provides data guarantee for accurate diagnosis of illness.

(4) Blockchain Real Estate

There are many potential application scenarios of blockchain in the real estate industry, common ones such as real estate transactions. Pain points in the process of buying and selling property include: lack of transparency during and after the transaction, reams of paperwork, potential for fraud, errors in public records, and that’s just to name a few. Blockchain provides a way to achieve the need for paperless and fast transactions. In addition, real estate blockchain applications can help record, trace and transfer title deeds, deeds, liens, etc., and also provide a platform for financial companies, title companies and mortgage companies. Blockchain technology strives to securely preserve files while enhancing transparency and reducing costs. In addition, blockchain is also applied in the field of construction engineering, and many companies are applying this technology in the current urban renewal boom.

For example, Shenzhen's Lanfang Chain has proposed a package of blockchain urban renewal/construction engineering/real estate development solutions based on blockchain, which comprehensively serves many fields in the real estate industry. Currently, its official website and mobile applications are online.

In addition, blockchain has been used in many applications in supply chain finance, stock trading, banking, etc., and I will not go into details here.

As one of the important contents of my country’s 14th Five-Year Plan, officials have long proposed to accelerate the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation and actively promote The integrated development of blockchain and economy and society.

To achieve the above two developments, the key lies in the following two points:

1. The core of blockchain technology technological breakthrough.

Blockchain technology is currently the technology with the smallest gap between my country and Europe and the United States. Officials particularly emphasize that in this emerging field, my country must be at the forefront of theory, occupy the commanding heights of innovation, and gain new industrial advantages. It is necessary to promote collaborative research, accelerate breakthroughs in core technologies, and provide safe and controllable technical support for the development of blockchain applications.

At present, most of the blockchain technology is still in the conceptual hype stage, and many business scenarios use blockchain purely for the sake of blockchain. So far, no one in our country has been able to solve core technical dilemmas such as the ternary paradox on a global scale. Therefore, we must return to basic theories and core technologies and achieve major breakthroughs through long-term and concentrated research.

In fact, the government has put forward very high requirements for the theoretical technology and subsequent application development of blockchain technology. We must do a good job in basic theoretical research on blockchain and focus on overcoming a number of problems. Key core technologies, truly shouldering the burden of technology research and development, are the key to the current development of blockchain.

2. Enhance international voice and rule-making power.

Different from previous information technologies, blockchain technology is highly scalable, or aggressive. Its rules or right to speak determine its scope of influence, because every business on the chain is Individuals or institutions must obey the rules set by the blockchain, whether at home or abroad. For example, everyone must obey the rules of Windows when using the Windows system, but Windows only stipulates the rules for information interaction for users, which is acceptable to us, while the blockchain stipulates industry governance rules. With its distributed characteristics, the governance rules of the blockchain can quickly transcend national borders and geographical restrictions.

In order to achieve the above two points, we must strengthen the construction of the talent team, establish and improve the talent training system, create various forms of high-level talent training platforms, and cultivate a group of leading figures and High level innovation team.

Blockchain, as an architectural innovation technology, has a huge demand for comprehensive talents, requiring practitioners to master a variety of professional and technical knowledge involving cryptography, information science, basic mathematics, etc. To develop blockchain, we must strengthen the construction of a talent team with deep cross-disciplinary integration, and establish a talent cultivation system in a forward-looking and systematic manner from the aspects of basic research, applied research and development, and industrial integration.

Blockchain technology is an important part of the future digital economy and has rich advantages for all walks of life. Although we have entered the 3.0 era, the vertical application of blockchain in various industries has just begun.

What do you think of the future of blockchain?