Specific mass
Ji 'an grape is a high-quality grape variety with strong growth potential, good self-flowering, high yield, strong disease resistance, large ears, dense grains, uniform fruit grains, rich juice, high pigment content, high sugar content, strong stress resistance and stable and high yield.
territorial scope
Qingshi Town, Wang Tai Town, Ma Xian Township, Yulin Town and other towns along the Yalu River in Lingnan area of Ji 'an City, Jilin Province. The geographical location is12551'-12633' east longitude and 40 53'-4132' north latitude. The specific geographical scope is: the second team of Qingshi Village in Qingshi Town in the east, Digou Village in Yulin Town in the south and Yannong Street in Yulin Town in the west. Total production area 1300 hectares, annual output 15000 tons.
Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors
(1) Soil landform: Ji 'an belongs to a mountainous city, located at the southwest foot of Changbai Mountain, with an overall topography of high in the north and low in the south. The main grape growing areas in Ji 'an Mountain area are mainly gray brown soil and alluvial soil, with deep soil layer and relatively fertile soil. The average content of soil organic matter is 3.97%, total nitrogen is 0. 156%, total phosphorus is 0. 105%, total potassium is 2.287%, and the soil pH is between 5.5 and 6.7.
(2) Hydrological situation: Ji 'an River belongs to Yalu River system. The average annual rainfall of mountains and rivers (excluding Yalu River) in Ji 'an City is 924.2 mm; The total water resources in the city is 65.438+0.765 billion cubic meters, and the runoff can be maintained at 65.438+0.465438+0.20 billion cubic meters based on 80% conservation rate. Available surface water resources are 870 million cubic meters, and all available water resources (including groundwater)165438+24 million cubic meters.
(3) Climate: Ji 'an as a whole belongs to the continental climate of north temperate zone, with four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and sunshine. The Laoling mountain range of Changbai Mountain system traverses the whole territory from northeast to southwest, forming Lingnan and Lingbei.
Two climatic zones. Lingbei has a continental climate and Lingnan has a semi-Lu Haiyang monsoon climate. It is the region with the highest annual accumulated temperature, the most rainfall, the longest frost-free period and the slowest wind speed in Jilin Province, and is known as the "Small South of Jilin Province". The annual average temperature is 7.5℃, the annual rainfall is 800- 1000mm, the frost-free period is 150- 160 days, the annual average sunshine is 2228 hours, and the annual active accumulated temperature is ≥ 10℃3208℃. The total amount of river runoff is17.65 million cubic meters, and the per capita amount is 766 1 cubic meter. Ji 'an is located on the Yalu River, less than 300 kilometers away from the mouth of Dandong. Every spring, summer and autumn, the warm sea breeze goes upstream, which brings rare climatic conditions for grape production. Ji 'an is rich in light energy resources, with moderate heat, large temperature difference between day and night, frost-free period 150 days, cool climate when fruit ripens, and slow fruit ripening.
(4) Human history: Ji 'an City is located in the southeast of Jilin Province, and its latitude is close to Bordeaux, a famous grape gold industry belt in France. Soil, precipitation, sunshine and other climatic conditions are extremely beneficial to the production of wild grapes, and there are abundant disease-resistant wild grape resources. The geographical environment, climatic conditions and cultivation techniques of Vitis amurensis are extremely strict (only distributed in Changbai Mountain, Daxing 'anling and Russia). Ji 'an has become the only region in Asia where wild grapes are planted on a large scale, with the largest scale, the highest production capacity and the best quality. Tonghua wine mainly relies on Ji 'anshan grape producing area and Jiaohe and Meihekou.
1976, Shangjiefang Village, Wang Tai Township, Ji 'an introduced "Gongniang 1" grape seedlings from Tonghua Winery for trial planting. 1980, according to the actual situation in Ji 'an, the municipal government of Ji 'an formulated the construction policy of "giving priority to forests, paying equal attention to grain, ginseng, fruit and animal husbandry, combining agriculture, industry and commerce, and developing mountain economy in an all-round way", and identified wine grapes as the focus of fruit tree production and development, and planned to develop 1 10,000 plants. After two years of preparation, the city began to develop "Gongniang 1" grapes on a large scale from 65438 to 0983. 1984, with the strong support of Jilin Agricultural University and Institute of Specialty Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a new bisexual Huashan grape variety "Shuangyou" was initially bred in Ji 'an, and it began to develop on a large scale in 1985. By 1989, the scale of wine grape bases with "Gongniang 1No." and "Shuangyou" as the main varieties in the city has reached 13900 mu, with an output of nearly 10,000 tons. In the early 1990s, due to the great fluctuation of the wine market, the development of the grape base in our city was affected, and the base area was reduced from 13900 mu to less than 1000 mu. During the period of 1998, the national wine market began to recover, the sales volume of wine increased day by day, the processing capacity of wineries around the country continued to expand, and the shortage of wild grape raw materials became increasingly prominent, which brought new opportunities to the development of Ji 'an mountain grape base, and the municipal government of Ji 'an seized this opportunity.
Taking advantage of this opportunity, we have successively signed a production and sales contract of 10- 15 with Tonghua Liquor and other companies, which was popularized throughout the city.
Development of vitis amurensis industry. The main cultivated varieties in the base are Shuangyou, Shuanghong, Gongniang 1 ... In 2002, the area of Vitis amurensis grew to 999 hectares, with a total output of 6.5438+0.07 million tons and an output value of 6.5438+0.92 million yuan, driving 3,983 farmers and increasing the per capita income by 3.65438+0.5 yuan.
Production technical requirements
(1) Selection of producing areas and provisions on special contents: Environmental quality requirements, including air, water quality and soil fertility, shall be implemented in accordance with NY/T39 1-2000 Environmental Technical Conditions for Producing Areas of Green Food. The annual average temperature is 2.6-9.6 degrees Celsius, the lowest temperature in winter is -25-37.2 degrees Celsius, the frost-free period is more than 1 10 days, and the annual precipitation is 300- 1000 mm. It is advisable to choose the flat or sloping land in the south, southeast and southwest directions, and the slope shall not exceed 10. The thickness of loam and sandy loam with pH around 7 is not less than 60 cm. The highest underground water level in the rainy season must be below 1 m, and there is no skin water. The garden must be accessible to cars and tractors and close to the road.
(2) Variety selection and specific requirements: select excellent varieties such as Shuangyou and Shuanghong with high quality, high yield and strong stress resistance. The seedlings meet the requirements of national grading standards.
(3) Production process management, including regulations on the special use of agricultural inputs: the use of chemical fertilizers is mainly organic fertilizers and basic fertilizers, with reasonable topdressing, controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, popularizing the use of special fertilizers and biological fertilizers, prohibiting the use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizers, and testing soil formulas to maintain the balance of soil fertility.
(4) Provisions on product harvesting and post-harvest treatment: When the fruit quality reaches the standard, the harvesting period should be carried out. Stop irrigation and pesticide application 20 days before harvest. After the temperature drops, it is best to harvest in sunny morning and afternoon to avoid the high temperature at noon. Do single purchase and single waybill storage.
(5) Production record requirements: carefully record the production situation, occurrence of pests and diseases, technical measures and use of pesticides and fertilizers.
Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations
(1) External sensory characteristics: Ji 'an Vitis amurensis has the characteristics of uniform fruit grains, full grains and no peculiar smell.
(2) Intrinsic quality index: Ji 'an's special alpine climate characteristics of Changbai Mountain and the marine monsoon climate and ecological environment of the Yalu River basin in Lingnan, Ji 'an give Ji 'an Mountain Grape a unique connotation, and Ji 'an Mountain Grape has the following characteristics.
Excellent internal quality. Ji 'an mountain grape has the characteristics of high juice yield, high pigment content, high sugar content, high dry extract, high acidity and high organic components. The wild grape brewed from Ji 'an Mountain Grape has the characteristics of rich wine color, rich fruit aroma, long wine aroma, full-bodied and pure.
Physical and chemical indicators
Project index
Total acid ≤0.7%
Soluble solids ≥20%
Solid acid ratio ≥28
Tannin 0.68
Total sugar 18.66
(3) Safety requirements:
A) arsenic shall be determined according to GB/T5009. 1 1.
B) the lead content shall be determined according to GB/T5009. 12.
C) determination of cadmium shall be carried out according to GB/T5009. 15.
D) Mercury shall be determined according to GB/T5009. 17.
E) the determination of fluorine shall be carried out according to GB/T5009. 18.
F) Determination of HCH and DDT shall be carried out according to GB/T 5009.438+09.
G) the determination of dichlorvos, dimethoate and phoxim shall be carried out according to GB/T5009.20.
H) chlorothalonil shall be determined according to GB/T 14878.
I) determination of triadimefon shall be carried out according to GB/T 14879.
Packaging identification and other relevant regulations.
(1) classified packaging: the packaging materials are plastic boxes and lining paper. The shape of the plastic box is length× width× height =40cm×28cm× 18cm, and other technical indicators shall comply with relevant regulations. The lining paper should be clean and non-toxic, and it must be soft and tough. Don't put too many and too thick ears in the fruit box, generally 2 ~ 3 layers are appropriate. The packaging of the same batch of goods should adopt the same variety, grade and maturity of product packaging.
(2) Identification: Identification users should uniformly use geographical indications of agricultural products on their products or their packaging.
(The marking style combining the name of Ji 'an Mountain Grape with logo pattern).
(3) Storage: It must be carried out in a cool, ventilated, clean and sanitary place to prevent sun exposure, rain, frostbite and pollution by poisons and pests.
(4) Transportation: Lightly load and unload during shipment to prevent mechanical damage. The means of transport are clean, hygienic and pollution-free. Highway transportation should avoid sun and rain, and railway or waterway long-distance transportation should pay attention to antifreeze, ventilation and heat dissipation.