The feudal system of the Zhou Dynasty stipulated that there were four classes of nobles: emperor, vassal, doctor and scholar.
The above three grades all have certain land attributes. All the land in the country belongs to the son of heaven. The son of heaven gave the vassal state to the vassal, and the vassal gave the city to the doctor, but the scholar could not possess the land. This is what Mencius said.
However, the gentry class also has its own noble dignity, and the sword is a symbol of nobility, so no matter how poor a taxi is, he should wear a sword, because it represents his noble dignity, which is what Mencius called "perseverance."
By the Warring States period, the status of the scholar class had improved. During the Spring and Autumn Period, some doctors and ministers living in the gentry class held heavy power, such as yang hu in the Confucius era. Scholars in the Warring States period are mainly divided into literati, warriors, debaters and counselors, and their expertise can be guessed by their names.
These scholars are attached to doctors and princes and give them advice, which is what we call public guests. If the host provides them with accommodation, they will be loyal to the host, but they are definitely not slaves because they enjoy personal freedom. If the master loses power or treats him badly, he can choose to leave.
During the Warring States period, Sizi had the habit of staying in public, and there were often 3,000 diners. Those who steal from Zhao in Xinling County are all scholars, and they are scholars as long as they have the ability!
Scholars later developed into farmers and small landlords.
In Confucius' theory, scholars are entrusted with the important task of managing the country. Confucius believed that taxis were the hope of the Zhou Dynasty at that time.
The gentry who appeared after the Eastern Han Dynasty were very different from the taxis of the Zhou Dynasty.
Scholars have been maintained until the Western Han Dynasty, and Kuai Tong, Han Xin's counselor, was a scholar.
Wei Xin Ling Jun Hou Ying Zhu Hai
Zhu Chun Shen Jun Zhu Ying
Qi-and-two chicken thieves.
Zhao Ping Yuanjun Mao Sui
Zhu Zhu:
Zhuanzhu, Wu Tang Yi Ren. Wu Zixu knew Zhuan Xu's talent and fled from Lu to Wu. Wu Zixu met Wu Wangliao and said that he would cut the profits of Chu. The son of Wu said, "His father and brothers in Wu Zixu were killed by Chu. He said that Wu attacked Chu. This is personal revenge, not Wu's interests. " The king of Wu dismissed the idea of attacking Chu. Knowing that the son only wanted to kill Wu Wangliao, Wu Zixu said, "The son will be interested in domestic affairs, and it is impossible to say that he will attack." So I recommended Zhuan Xu to Gongziguang.
It turns out that the father of Gongziguang is Zhu Fan, the prince of Wu. There are three younger brothers: big brother, second brother Yi, and third brother Ji Zizha. Zhu Fan knew that his third brother, ji zi Zagreb, was virtuous, so he didn't establish a prince, and passed the throne to his three younger brothers in turn, hoping to finally pass the country to ji zi Zagreb. After Zhu Fan's death, a memorial service was held. I sacrificed and spread it to foreigners. After your death, you should pass it on to ji zi Zagreb; Ji Zizha refused to accept the country and hid his whereabouts, so the king of Wu made the son of Yi the king of Wu. Sun Guang said, "If brothers are two, Qin Zi will be king; If the son is order, then I should be the heir and king. " So they secretly raised advisers and warriors to seize the throne.
After the son was complacent, he turned to Zhu and stayed as a guest. In nine years, King Chu Ping died. The next spring, I wanted to let the sons of his two younger brothers cover Yong Shuaibing's presence and surround the State of Chu while the King of Chu was at an early funeral. And let the season of Yanling go to the state of Jin to see the reaction of the governors. Chu sent troops to break Gaiyu's retreat, making it impossible for Wu Bing to return to the army. So Sun Guang said to Zhuan Xu, "It's now or never. How can I get it if I don't go? Besides, I am only the real heir to the throne, and I should be in charge of the country. Although Kiko is back, I will not be abolished. " Zhuan Xu said, "Liao Wang can be killed. Now his mother and father are weak, and his two brothers are handsome soldiers who cut Chu, and Chu has cut off the back road. At present, Wu's foreigners are trapped by Chu, and there is no pillar of heaven. What can they do for me? " Childe just got up and kowtowed and said, "The light body is your body!" " "
In April, C-Zi ambushed the armored soldiers indoors and prepared a banquet for Liao Wang. Liao Wang ordered people to line up on the way from their door to the bare door. Doors and windows are relatives of Liao Wang. The guards standing in the corridor are all armed with long beryllium. When the wine was hot, the son pretended to have foot disease and retreated into the inner room, letting Zhuan Xu put the dagger in the belly of a cooked fish for sacrifice. In front of Liao Wang, Zhuan Xu suddenly cut open the belly of the fish and stabbed Liao Wang with a dagger. Liao Wang died instantly. The left and right guards killed Zhuan Xu again, leaderless, and his troops were in disorder. The followers who were attacked by Sun Guangming's ambush army killed them all, so Sun Zili became king. This is He Lu. He Lu named the son of Zhuan Xu Shangqing.
Leave:
After He Lv acceded to the throne, his son fled to Wei. This man is the bravest man in Wu, and is known as the first warrior in Wu. Now, defending the country and Ai Cheng, recruiting and forming close neighbors, waiting for an opportunity to avenge his father, has become He Lu's heart.
One day, He Lv and Wu Zixu discussed to find a brave man to assassinate Qing Ji. Zixu recommended a friend to leave. Legend has it that you want to leave home in the north of Hongshan, Wuxi, on the south bank of the mouth of Dahetou Huocha Bangkou, and take fishing as your business. Born thin, only more than five feet tall, with a pile of waist, he described it as ugly, but with extraordinary wisdom and courage of ten thousand people. He is a famous local fencing expert. Today, one of the 18 scenic spots in Hongshan Mountain, the "sword grinding stone" on Dongling Mountain is said to be the stone that left the sword grinding in that year.
Stay loyal and offer risks. According to folklore, one day when fighting with He Lv in the DPRK, he first stabbed Gongzi Guang's wrist with a bamboo sword, then cut off his right arm with a real sword and went to Weiguo to look for it. After he left, He Lu also killed his wife. After finding out the facts, Qing Ji was convinced of it, regarded it as a confidant, let it train and repair ships, and stayed with him all the time, plotting to support things.
After March, Qing Ji arrived in Wu State, sat on a warship with Li Qian, went downstream, and occasionally won, so he celebrated on a warship in Taihu Lake. Li Qian took advantage of Qing Ji's sitting in the bow drinking, stabbed Qing Ji with one arm in the moonlight, pierced his heart and pierced his back. On the other hand, Qing Ji said goodbye and drowned three times. Then he put goodbye on his knee and said with a smile, "How dare such a brave man stab me!" " The left and right guards raised their knives, killed them and left. Qing Ji held his hand and said, "This is a warrior's world. How can you kill two warriors in one day? " He added, "Let him go back to China and fulfill him!"
To leave and return to the State of Wu, He Lvjin Hall celebrated and sealed it, unwilling to accept it, saying, "I didn't kill Qing Ji to be an official, but for the peace of the State of Wu, so that the people can live and work in peace." Then he committed suicide in the golden palace.
According to He Lv's wishes, Wu Zixu will be buried next to Zhuan Xu's tomb in Yangmeiwu at the southern foot of Hongshan Mountain. However, due to the age, the two tombs have been annihilated and cannot be identified.
I rang:
Article 26 of Historical Records Volume 86 Biography of Assassins records this story:
Yu Rang was a native of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. In 453 BC, there were six families in the state of Jin vying for political power. Yu Rang used to work in Fann and Bank of China, and was not taken seriously. Later, he took refuge in Zhi Bo, and Zhi Bo valued him very much.
There is a deep hatred between Zhao Xiangzi and Zhibo. Together with Han and Wei, Zhi Bo was wiped out, and Zhi Bo's head was used as a wine glass. Yurang believes that "a valuable person should sacrifice his life for those who appreciate him, just like a woman, and should make the most beautiful clothes for those who like her", and he is determined to avenge Zhi Bo.
First, he changed his name and surname, disguised himself as a criminal, sneaked into the court, and attempted to assassinate Zhao Xiangzi with a dagger by renovating the toilet. But when Zhao Xiangzi went to the toilet, he suddenly became alert and ordered his men to hunt down Yurang. Zhao Xiangzi's followers all wanted to kill him, but Zhao Xiangzi thought that Yurang was willing to avenge his old master and was an upright man, so he released him.
Jade still won't give up. In order to change his appearance and voice, he will paint all over, swallow coal in his mouth, pretend to be a beggar and seek revenge. His friend advised him: "With your talent, if you pretend to take refuge in Zhao Xiangzi, Zhao Xiangzi will certainly use you to get close to you, so you won't have a chance to get revenge?" ? Why do you abuse yourself like this? Yu Rang said, "If I surrender to Zhao Xiangzi, I should be loyal to him, and I must never be insincere and use such despicable means." Yurang still wants to accomplish the mission of revenge in his own way.
Once, when the opportunity came, Yu rang ambushed under a bridge in advance, ready to assassinate when crossing the bridge in Zhao Xiangzi. Zhao Xiangzi's horse suddenly jumped up, which made Yurang's plan fail again. After catching Yu Rang, Zhao Xiangzi blamed him and said, "You used to work in Fann and Bank of China, but Zhi Bo wiped you out. You didn't avenge them, but you took refuge in Zhi Bo. " Now you can come to me, too. Why do you have to avenge Zhibo? Yurang said: "When I was in Fanhe Bank of China, they didn't pay attention to me at all and treated me as an ordinary person; Zhibo, on the other hand, values me very much and regards me as the best talent and my bosom friend. I must avenge him! 」
Zhao Xiangzi was very moved and said, "You have done your utmost to Zhi Bo; I have spared you several times. This time, I can't release you. Take care of yourself! 」
Yu Rang knew that he was going to die this time, so he begged Zhao Xiangzi: "I hope you can fulfill my last wish, take off your clothes and let me pierce them;" In this way, even if I die, there will be no regrets. 」
Zhao Xiangzi agreed to his request, and Yu Rang drew his sword and stabbed his clothes three times, then committed suicide.
On the day when Jade Jean died, all the chivalrous men of Zhao wept for him.
Nie Zheng:
Yan Zhongzi was a minister of South Korea, and he was in contradiction with the chivalrous spirit of Han Guo Xiang. Xia was tired and wanted to kill him, so Yan Zhongzi ran away. Of course, this revenge is to be reported. So I looked everywhere for the killer.
Nie Zheng is a butcher of Qi. Yan Zhongzi heard that Nie Zheng was very good, so he went to visit, gave gold and worshipped his mother. Nie Zheng asked him what it was. Yan Zhongzi said he would kill someone. Nie Zheng refused. Because he wants to support his mother and doesn't want to work for others. Yan Zhongzi couldn't convince him, but he left the gift politely.
Later, Nie Zheng's mother died. So Nie Zheng went to see Yan Zhongzi and said, "I refused to agree before because my mother is still here. But I appreciate your kindness. Now my mother is dead. I can work for you. " Yan Zhongzi said, "I want to kill Han Xiaxiang. He is my uncle." Powerful, many guards. I have money, and I can hire more killers to go with you. "Nie Zheng said," if you kill such a person, you won't have many people. How easy it is for people to leak. If people know that Han is hostile to you, you will be in danger "
So Nie Zheng went straight to North Korea with a sword. Xia Lei sat in the building, surrounded by guards. Directly rushed in, rushed up the steps, and killed the exhausted summer. The guards were in chaos, and Nie Zheng shouted and fought, killing dozens of people. See if I can get away. So he committed suicide by caesarean section.
Xia Lei was stabbed, but Koreans don't know who did it (Nie Zheng has been disfigured). In desperation, he put Nie Zheng on the street and offered a reward to ask if anyone knew the assassin. No one knows yet. Later, Nie Zheng's sister Nie Rong heard about it and thought that this person should be her younger brother (yes, how many people have such high martial arts? So I went to Korea and saw that the clothes really looked like her brother. He said, "This is my brother Nie Zheng. He lives in a deep well." . Crying for a corpse. The Korean was surprised and said, "This man assassinated our Prime Minister, and now he offers a reward for his daughter to find out who he is. How dare you cry? " Nie Rong said, "When a scholar dies, he becomes a bosom friend. When I get married, I will assassinate Xia Lei when my mother dies. He disfigured himself, just don't want to implicate me. How can I be afraid of death and let my brother's name be buried? " Nie Rong eventually died beside Nie Zheng because of grief.
Nie Zheng is the first assassin, and his martial arts, courage and calculation are unparalleled. Especially martial arts, from that group of guards, to assassinate the target. And then cut dozens of people. Finally, I can commit suicide calmly.