First, the development of seven leading industries in Xiangtan City
(A) The seven leading industries have outstanding advantages in the whole industry. According to the data of economic census, among the 485 industrial enterprises above designated size in Xiangtan in 2004 (according to the principle of minimum legal person), the leading industries are metallurgy, electromechanical industry (that is, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing), chemical industry, chemical fiber textile industry, agricultural product processing industry (mainly including slaughtering and meat processing, betel nut processing and bamboo products processing), leather industry, coal mining and coking industry (excluding the pillar industries of military industry). Among them, the leading industry is the steel industry, with a total output value of 654.38+02.57 billion yuan, accounting for 42.6% of the total industrial output value above designated size.
(2) Seven dominant industrial enterprises are concentrated, and some of them have formed production bases. For example, the chemical industry is mainly concentrated in the new material industrial park in the lower reaches of Xiangjiang River in Xiangtan. Slaughtering and meat processing enterprises are mainly concentrated in Yuetang District and Shaoshan City. Bamboo products processing enterprises are mainly concentrated in yuhu district and Xiangtan County. There are 22 tannery enterprises in Xiangxiang City, and a leather industrial park has been built. Chemical fiber textile enterprises are concentrated in Yuetang District. Coal mines and coking enterprises are highly concentrated in Tanjiashan Town, Xiangtan County.
(3) The "young" enterprises developed in recent ten years account for the vast majority. Seven dominant industries *** 177 industrial enterprises above designated size, 1994 enterprises were reorganized after their establishment 143 enterprises, accounting for 80.8%.
Second, the development characteristics of seven leading industries in Xiangtan City
(1) From the perspective of the changes in the structure of economic entities, the non-public sector of the economy has been growing, and the proportion of the public sector of the economy has dropped significantly. In addition to metallurgical industry and mechanical and electrical industry, there are some public-owned (state-controlled) enterprises, and enterprises in other industries are basically non-public-owned economies.
(2) From the perspective of economic aggregate, the public ownership economy is still dominant. Among the total output value of 20.753 billion yuan of the seven dominant industries, the output value of state-owned and state-controlled enterprises is 654.38+06.357 billion yuan, accounting for 78.8%.
(3) From the changes of advantageous industries, the metallurgical industry, led by the steel industry, has been growing, the electromechanical industry has been innovating and developing, and emerging industries such as leather industry, betel nut industry and meat processing industry have developed well.
(4) Extroversion is improved. There are 68 large-scale industrial enterprises with export business in the city, including 42 advantageous industries. The extroversion of the seven dominant industries in Xiangtan City is mainly manifested in two aspects: First, the proportion of export delivery value, a large industrial enterprise, in the seven dominant industries has increased. In 2004, the seven leading industries of the above-scale industries in the city realized export delivery value 3.435 billion yuan, accounting for 16.8% of the sales output value, 8.4 percentage points higher than that in 2003. Second, the export proportion of major industrial products in seven advantageous industries has increased. The export value of industrial products of seven dominant industries in the city rose from 665.438 billion yuan in 2000 to 3.435 billion yuan in 2004, an increase of 4.6 times. Among them, the metallurgical industry in export delivery value reached 2.496 billion yuan in 2004, and the export exchange rate reached 20%; In 2004, the chemical industry in export delivery value reached 422 million yuan, and the export exchange rate reached 20.8%. The meat processing industry in export delivery value in 2004 was 654.38+69 billion yuan, and the export exchange rate reached 40.6%. The leather industry in export delivery value in 2004 was 654.38+0.95 billion yuan, and the export exchange rate reached 30. 1%. The main export products are crude steel, steel products, motors, ferroalloys, fluoride salts, leather, frozen pork, organic pigments, pesticides and so on.
(5) The comprehensive economic benefits are improved year by year. In 2004, the profits of the seven dominant industries reached 65.438+0.57 billion yuan, accounting for 865.438+0.4% of the total profits of all industries in the city, and the local taxes provided accounted for about 50% of the city's fiscal revenue. According to the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits of National Bureau of Statistics, in 2004, the economic benefit index of industrial enterprises above designated size in Xiangtan reached 145.58%, which was 69.08 percentage points higher than that in 2000, with an average annual increase of more than 15 percentage points.
Xiangtan's seven dominant industries also have "soft spots": First, there are not many large and medium-sized enterprises and few listed companies. Among the seven dominant industries 177 enterprises on the list, there are only 9 large and medium-sized enterprises and less than 2 listed companies. Second, the added value rate of chemical fiber textile industry and chemical industry is low, and its added value rate in 2004 was 19% and 24.9% respectively. Third, at present, there are not many consumer goods in advantageous industries, and there are few enterprises that produce hot consumer goods such as cigarettes, alcohol, computers, motorcycles, middle and high-end cars, brand milk, decorative materials and high-end household appliances. Fourth, high energy consumption and low technology. The average energy consumption of ten thousand yuan output value in the province is 1.32 tons of standard coal, and Xiangtan is 2.39 tons of standard coal; The output value of new products in the whole province accounts for 13.4% of the total output value, and Xiangtan is 10. 1%.
Three. Countermeasures and suggestions for further developing and expanding advantageous industries
Most of the seven dominant industries listed are important pillar industries in Xiangtan (pillar industries in Xiangtan, manufacturing of military products, etc.). ), there are three newly developed industries with strong market competitiveness, large profit margin and promising development prospects. Further development and expansion of Xiangtan's advantageous industries is of great significance for expanding exports, increasing employment, promoting Xiangtan's leap-forward development and improving Xiangtan's domestic and international popularity. Promoting the priority development of Xiangtan's industrial superiority industries is the key point for Xiangtan to grasp the economy and realize industrialization, and it is also the key point for the government to regulate the market economy. When the whole province and even the whole country are pushing forward the industrialization process and global economic integration is taking shape, how to make Xiangtan's advantageous industries develop their strengths and avoid their weaknesses and further enhance market competitiveness is a major issue before us. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forward from the perspective of industrial shortage in Xiangtan:
1. The government should vigorously support and urge enterprises in advantageous industries to build brands and support enterprises with brands to become bigger and stronger. Brand is quality, brand is a kind of honesty, and brand is a strong market competitiveness. Enterprise brands such as "well-known trademarks" and "famous brand products" are shining business cards for enterprises to enter the national market and the international market. The biggest deficiency of Xiangtan industry is insufficient brand building, especially in social consumer goods. Therefore, the government should make unremitting efforts to build brands and establish images for industrial enterprises, and make unremitting efforts to make brand industrial enterprises bigger and stronger. The government should focus on attracting investment from brand industries (foreign capital, domestic capital and state-owned assets) and organizing technological transformation, vigorously support enterprises to go public, enhance their financing expansion ability, and cultivate new leading enterprises in advantageous industries.
2. The government should cooperate with the backbone enterprises in advantageous industries, so that large enterprises can increase their production capacity in industrial parks and build a solid industrial chain in the same industry and related industries. By cooperating with small enterprises, large and medium-sized enterprises can achieve the goal of expanding production capacity, reducing costs and becoming bigger and stronger. Small enterprises can "climb relatives" with large and medium-sized enterprises and enjoy technical resources, information resources and product sales (producing upstream products and downstream products of large and medium-sized enterprises). Industrial park is an effective way to develop new industrial enterprises at present. In order to make full use of resources, the government should play a leading role in the construction of industrial parks, so that the talents and financial resources of the government and entrepreneurs can form a joint force, and large enterprises and small enterprises can develop harmoniously, so that * * * can survive.
3. The government should seize the hot spots of consumption, guide and support the establishment and growth of enterprises that produce hot consumer goods in society. Consumption is the most important driving force in the "troika" that drives the economy, and consumption hotspots are new economic growth points. The government should give key support to Jiangnan Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Yuanshan Dairy Company and Hengdun Bamboo Products Company.
The government should make special plans and models for the development of chemical industry and leather industry. Chemical industry is one of the old pillar industries in Xiangtan City, with good resource advantages. Business owners have been metabolized in the process of restructuring, and the industry is full of vitality at present. Leather tanning and processing industry is a new dominant industry in Xiangxiang City, Xiangtan City, with broad prospects, but there are also environmental pollution problems. How to develop these two special industries? Under the principle of "paying equal attention to development and environment", it is necessary for the government to adopt a rigid management model of "scientific planning, overall planning and favorable development" for management and service.
The government should create a fair and harmonious economic environment and order. In this regard, the author has some views: when the government implements preferential support policies for enterprises, it should make enterprises enjoy preferential treatment mainly for expanding reproduction on the premise of standardizing management and paying taxes and fees according to law. The government should strengthen the management of soft environment and try to reduce unnecessary expenses and losses of enterprises. Because, in the fierce market competition, Xiangtan enterprises have less burden and production and operation costs and are more competitive than their competitors; On the other hand, a little more burden and production and operation costs (such as a little more tolls and bridge fees) may become fatal factors for enterprises in the period of economic contraction. While supporting small enterprises and self-employed individuals in advantageous industries, the government should also pay attention to standardizing management, cracking down on counterfeiting and maintaining the brand image of advantageous industries.