1. But they like to copy the trademarks of foreign manufacturers, pretend to be foreign goods, or print some Chinese characters or even no Chinese characters on the trademarks, packages, pictures and instructions. (National Volume 1990)
There were seventeen or eighteen people going together, including my sister, cousin, cousin, classmates and so on. (Shanghai Volume 1993)
Three or four miles across the river are shallow mountains, like fine waves and microwaves, with soft lines and endless ups and downs, connecting Gaoyuan Mountain. (National Volume 1995)
Our school has its own teaching building, library building, teaching equipment and teachers. (National Volume 1996)
During the Spring Festival this year, 37 million cubic meters of levee heightening and estuary closure diversion projects will be completed in the coastal areas of our province, which is a heavy task, difficult project and large scale. (National Volume 1997)
The above five college entrance examination questions have all been paused.
As we all know, pause means the smallest pause in a sentence, which is often used between juxtaposed words or phrases. Represents the coordinate relationship between words. However, in practice, mistakes often occur in the use of pauses, and some candidates make specious judgments on the use of pauses. Generally speaking, the use of pause has the following errors:
1. About (almost) several pauses have been misused.
Three or four miles across the river are shallow mountains, like wavelet microwaves, with soft lines and endless ups and downs, connecting Gaoyuan Mountain. (National Volume 1995)
[Hug] Here, "three or four" is an approximate number, and there should be no pause.
She looks seventeen or eighteen, thin and lonely.
[wearing a green hat] When two adjacent numbers together represent approximation, there is no need to pause, and there is no need to add a pause in the middle. "Seventeen or eighteen years old" is a combination of two adjacent numbers, indicating the approximate age. Since it is an estimate, there can be no pause between numbers. If we use pause, it will be "seventeen" and "eight", which obviously does not conform to the original intention. This is the mistake of 1993 Shanghai college entrance examination paper "seventeen people" and 1995 national paper "three or four miles".
There is a pause between the juxtaposed figures.
This task is completed by Class Three and Class Four.
[Hint] It can be seen from "* * * with" that "34" is not a stratum. You can't miss the timeout.
3. Misuse of pauses between collective words.
During the "clever plan" period, the relevant departments must control the fees of colleges and universities.
[Hint] "University" is a collective word, which has been established and cannot be separated. Another example is workers, peasants and soldiers, vivid and touching, primary and secondary school students, and the third school of public security law.
The success of this "strike hard" cannot be separated from the efforts of public security cadres and policemen, and also from the support of their families.
"Police" is a general term, "cadres" refers to cadres, and "police" refers to police. Collective words are compact structures and cannot be separated by pauses. Pauses in "primary and middle school students", "institutions of higher learning", "finger, fighter", "league members, youth" and "closing, stopping, merging and transferring" should be removed.
4. Do not consider the abuse at the content level.
Middle school students from Hunan and Hubei, and college students from Guangxi and Yunnan all came here to attend the winter camp.
The pause in "Middle School Students, Guangxi" should be changed to a comma.
5. Misuse of pause between clauses.
This spring, the water diversion project in this province ... was heavy, difficult and large-scale. (97 years)
The words "heavy task", "difficult project" and "large scale" in this sentence are not the juxtaposition of components in the sentence, but the juxtaposition of three subject-predicate sentences, and commas should be used. The same is true when verb-object phrases are juxtaposed, such as "He often comes here to play chess, drink tea and listen to books".
Pudong spread its wings. She is so cheerful, high-spirited, working hard and flying to a brilliant tomorrow.
In fact, there are three clauses, namely "Pudong has spread its wings", "She is so cheerful, energetic and full of vitality" and "She is flying to a brilliant tomorrow". Between the second clause and the third clause, a comma should be used instead of a pause. 1997 "heavy task, difficult project and large scale" in the national college entrance examination paper is a short sentence with three subjects and three predicates, not a juxtaposition of words in the sentence. You can't use pause in the middle, you should use comma instead.
6. Misuse of pause after modal particles.
There are many flowers in the garden, such as begonia, roses and Milan ... they are colorful and attractive.
[Hug] Nouns with "ya", "ah" and "na" become short sentences, and commas don't need to pause.
7. Misuse of pause before conjunction.
Participating in this dragon boat race are Yongshun Flower Boat, Chenxi Red Boat and Yuanling Yellow Boat.
The audience waited for a long time, just to see her style or sign an autograph.
There are conjunctions "and" and "or" and "between the coordinate words, and no pause can be used before the conjunctions. You can delete the pause or change it to a comma according to the different situations of the sentence.
8. Use pause between different levels of conjunctions.
Shanghai's Yue Opera, Shanghai Opera, Huai Opera, Anhui's Huangmei Opera and Henan's Henan Opera all brought new repertoires.
The use of pause between different levels will inevitably lead to unclear sentence context, and commas should be used to represent levels. In the above example, "Yue Opera, Shanghai Opera and Huai Opera" is a hierarchy, which forms a couplet with "Anhui Huangmei Opera and Henan Henan Henan Opera" and is also a hierarchy. The pause between the two shows no difference in level, so the pause after Huai Opera should be changed to comma.
9. There is no pause between the coordinate words as predicate and complement.
You should keep improving, literacy and production.
The story is true and touching.
The three words "progress, literacy and production" in the above example are predicates of three coordinate words, and the pause between the three words should be changed to commas.
In the above example, "true" and "dynamic" are the complements of sentences, and the pause in the middle should be changed to commas.
10, with a small pause between words.
This is irrelevant.
[Hug] The coordinate word does not pause or pause slightly, and there is no ambiguity. At this time, there is no need to add a pause. There is a small pause between the words "wind, horse and cow". Don't use a pause.
Candidates should pay attention to the fact that the test of punctuation marks in college entrance examination questions is generally comprehensive and technical. Therefore, in review and examination, we should pay special attention to combining the use of punctuation marks with the understanding and analysis of meaning and tone, and we must judge the right or wrong use of punctuation marks in combination with the context.