In early December 1891, Dr. James Naismith, a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School (later Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA It was discovered that there were only 13 basketball rules at that time. Dr. Naismith died in 1939 at the age of 78.

In 1891, Naismith taught at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts. Luther Gulick, the head of the physical education department of this school, commissioned him to design an indoor group game to implement the winter physical education syllabus. He was inspired by the local children's game of throwing balls into peach baskets (peaches are abundant in the area and every household has a peach basket) and created the basketball game.

William Jones, the first secretary-general of the International Amateur Basketball Federation, respected and admired him. He not only paid for his hotel expenses, but also invited him to kick off the first basketball game of the Olympic Games. Before kickoff, Jones introduced the inventor of basketball to all participating athletes, and Naismith received a warm welcome from everyone. After all the games were over, Jones arranged for Naish to preside over the award ceremony and awarded him a special Olympic medal in recognition of his contribution to the invention of basketball. When a little German girl presented him with a laurel wreath, Naismith was so delighted that he threw his hat into the sky with excitement.

Naismith died in 1939. In order to forever remember this basketball pioneer, FIBA ??decided to name the gold cup of the World Men's Basketball Championship the "Naismith Cup" at the first Central Bureau meeting held during the 1st Men's World Basketball Championship in 1950.

By 1893, nearly modern backboards, hoops and nets were formed. In the initial basketball games, there were no strict restrictions on the number of players, venue size, or game time. Just the number of people participating in the game must be equal on both sides. At the start of the game, players from both sides stand outside the two end lines. The referee blows the whistle and throws the ball to the middle of the court. Both sides run to the court to grab the ball and start the game. The ball holder can hold the ball and run to the basket to shoot. The first one to reach the predetermined score wins. In 1892, Naismith formulated 13 game rules. The main rules are that running with the ball is not allowed, rough movements are not allowed, and boxing is not allowed. Otherwise, it will be a foul and one point will be lost for three consecutive fouls; the game time is stipulated as The first and second halves are 15 minutes each; the size of the venue is also stipulated. The number of players on the field was gradually reduced to 10, 9, and 7 players per team, and in 1893 it was set to 5 players per team.

The first basketball exhibition match was held at the 3rd Olympic Games in 1904. In 1908, the United States formulated unified national basketball rules, which were published in multiple languages ??and distributed around the world. In this way, basketball gradually spread throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia, becoming a global sport. In 1936, the 11th Olympic Games listed men's basketball as an official event and unified the rules of world basketball competition. After that, in more than 10 years to 1948, the rules were revised many times. The important changes related to the current rules are: the score will be After a jump ball in the center circle, the team that lost the point will take a throw-in outside the backcourt end line to continue the game; the offensive team must advance the ball to the frontcourt within 10 seconds; the ball may not return to the backcourt after entering the frontcourt; the offensive team You are not allowed to stay in the "restricted area" for 3 seconds; when a shooting player is violated, he will make one free throw and miss two free throws, etc. In the basketball games of the 15th and 16th Olympic Games in 1952 and 1956, there were many people over two meters tall. The International Amateur Basketball Federation twice expanded the "restricted zone" (also called the "3-second zone") on the basketball court. ); It also stipulates that after a team takes control of the ball, it must take a shot within 30 seconds. In the early 1960s, the rule about 10 seconds and the return of the ball to the backcourt was temporarily suspended after the 17th Olympic Games in 1960, when the midfield line was canceled and the midpoint of the sideline was drawn instead. After the 18th Olympic Games in 1964, the midfield line was restored and these regulations continued to be implemented. In 1977, a rule was added that after each team has committed 10 fouls, it will be required to take two free throws when defending a foul, and if it commits two fouls when defending a shot, there will be one missed penalty and one additional free throw. In 1981, the free throw rule after 10 fouls was reduced to 8. It is obvious that changes in personnel, technology, and the development of tactics have caused changes in rules, and changes in rules have promoted further development and changes in personnel, technology, and tactics.

Especially since the late 1950s, changes in rules have continuously placed new and higher demands on the offensive and defensive speed of basketball games, as well as on athletes' bodies, techniques, tactics, willpower, and style, etc., promoting the rapid improvement of basketball technical levels. , Women's basketball was only listed as an official event at the 21st Olympic Games in 1976.

Basketball was introduced to China by the Tianjin YMCA around 1896, and was later introduced to the YMCA in Beijing and Shanghai. After the men's basketball exhibition match was held at the National Games in 1910, basketball activities gradually developed in universities and middle schools in major cities across the country. Among them, Tianjin, Beijing, and Shanghai were better developed and at a higher level. At that time, The rules of the game are very simple. Draw a center circle with a diameter of about 1 meter in the middle of the court. When the center player jumps the ball, one hand must be placed on the waist behind the back, and no foot may step outside the circle. The technique is also simple. After jumping the ball in the center circle, whoever receives the ball will dribble by himself, and if he surpasses the defender, he will shoot. At that time, I could only dribble forward in a straight line. The passing method was to pass the ball with one or two hands in front of my chest. When I was running, I was shooting with a one-handed underhand shot. When I was standing, I was shooting with both hands in front of my abdomen, no matter how far or near. Around 1925, the five offensive and defensive athletes had a clearer division of labor. The center versus the center, the defender versus the forward, were man-to-man marking, each focusing on their opponents. But the forward's duty is to only attack and shoot, regardless of retreating; the defender's duty is to only defend and intercept the ball, regardless of shooting. Forwards and defenders rarely run throughout the court, and only the center has to take care of both offense and defense. Later, it gradually changed to two defenders, one assisting (movable defender), and one person staying in the backcourt (fixed defender). The two forwards also changed to one person staying in the frontcourt to specialize in sneak attacks and fast breaks, and one person retreating to the backcourt to assist defense. . Technical movements have also developed. One-handed and master shots have appeared in running shooting. Shooting with two hands in front of the chest has appeared in standing shooting. Single and two-hand ground passes have appeared in passing. Dribbling has appeared with two hands alternately dribbling to dodge defense and transcendence. The technique of defending going forward. A penalty area and a free throw line have been added to the rules. A player will be disqualified from the game if he commits 4 fouls. The captain can designate any player to take the penalty kick. The game time is divided into first and second halves of 20 minutes each, with a 10-minute break in between. After each hit or free throw, a jump ball is placed in the center circle to restart the game. The level of Chinese basketball has improved greatly after 1926.

In 1892, Smith, the inventor of basketball, formulated 18 simple rules. Basketball entered the stage of confrontational competition, and then the organizer and leader of the game, the referee, was born.

In foreign countries, basketball referees are called "ball referees", and each game has two "ball referees": the first and the second. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, our country called basketball referees "commanders" and there was only one "commander" in each basketball game. After liberation, it was renamed referee, and each game had two referees, one referee and one deputy referee.

my country’s current basketball referees are divided into five levels: international level, national level, first level, second level and third level. As the speed and intensity of basketball games are increasing, in order to implement the rules more comprehensively and accurately, some countries have begun to experiment with setting up three referees in each game: front, middle and back.

Rules:

1. fair. This is the basis for changing the rules. The rules should be fair to both sides of the game. Because a basketball game is a competition between two sides in basketball awareness, skills, tactics and physical fitness under the same conditions of time, space, ground and number of people.

2. Equilibrium. Equilibrium (or balance) means that the two aspects of offense and defense must be balanced. If a game is easy to score or difficult to score, it will make the game dull and not exciting, and the exciting charm of the basketball game will be lost.

3． Definition. Rule definitions should be concise and clear, with precise text.

4. Compilation. Rules should be codified to avoid duplication, be consistent and not contradictory.

5. Short. Rules should be brief and concise to avoid being confusing and difficult for people to understand.

6. Exceptions. There are many provisions on the front of the rules. Without exceptions (i.e. annotations), the rules would be difficult to implement. The exceptions are just to ensure the implementation of the front rules.

7. Safety. The rules must ensure personal safety and ensure that the game proceeds smoothly in a good environment and atmosphere.

8. that power. Referees must be given the power to do their jobs and enforce the rules with authority during the game.

9． Continuous.

The rules should minimize the number of interruptions in the game, thereby ensuring the continuity of the game and making the game more compact and exciting.

10． No benefit. The rules should ensure that neither party in the game can benefit from violating the rules, so that the game can be conducted fairly and reasonably

[Edit this paragraph]Basic Rules

Basic Rule 1

1. Competition method

A team has five players, one of whom is the captain, and a maximum of seven alternate players, but the number can be increased according to the organizer. The game is divided into four quarters, each quarter is 10 minutes, the NBA is 12 minutes, there is a 5-minute break between each quarter, the NBA is 130 seconds, the half-time is 10 minutes, the NBA is 15 minutes, and in the NBA, the 4th quarter and overtime are There is a 100-second rest period between time periods and any overtime periods. When the two teams have the same points at the end of the game, a 5-minute overtime will be held. If the scores are still the same after 5 minutes, another 5-minute overtime will be held until a winner is determined.

2. Scoring types

A score will be scored after the ball is thrown into the basket and approved by the referee. A shot from inside the 3-point line is worth 2 points; a shot from outside the 3-point line is worth 3 points, and a free throw is worth 1 point.

3. How to proceed

At the beginning of the game, each team will launch a jumper to the central jump ball area. The referee will throw the ball to both sides to start the game.

4. Player substitution

Each player substitution must be completed within 20 seconds, and the number of substitutions is not limited. The time to exchange players is when someone commits a foul, fights for the ball, calls a timeout, etc. The referee may temporarily stop the game clock.

5. Free throws

Each player is allowed 4 foul opportunities, and will be kicked out after the fifth foul (6 times in the NBA). and cannot play again in the same game. A free throw is a shot taken when no one can block or defend it. It is used as a punishment for the fouling team and gives the other team a chance. To take a free throw, you must stand behind the free throw line and shoot within 10 seconds after receiving the ball from the referee. After shooting, the ball cannot cross the free throw line before it touches the basket.

6. Violations

Can be roughly divided into (1) ordinary violations: such as walking with the ball, dribbling twice (double dribbling), kicking the ball (foot ball) or To punch the ball. (2) Jump ball violation; (3) Jump ball violation: No one other than the jump ball player may enter the central jump ball area before the jump ball player touches the ball.

Basic Rule 2

24-second rule: The offensive team must shoot within 24 seconds when they have the ball on the court (NBA, CBA, CUBA, WNBA and other games are all 24 seconds, 35 seconds in NCAA games).

The 8-second rule: starting from when the team controls the ball in the backcourt, the ball must enter the frontcourt (opponent's half) within 8 seconds.

5-second rule: After holding the ball, players must take a throw-in within 5 seconds. FIBA ??rules stipulate that free throws must also be taken within 5 seconds.

3 second rule: divided into 3 seconds for offense and 3 seconds for defense. Attack 3 seconds: The offensive player shall not stay in the 3-second zone for more than 3 seconds; Defense 3 seconds: When the offensive player corresponding to a defensive player is not in the 3-second zone or on the edge of the 3-second zone and completely gets rid of the defensive player, the defensive player Players are not allowed to stay in the penalty area for more than 3 seconds.

Personal foul: a foul resulting from physical contact with the opponent.

Technical foul: A player or coach is sentenced to a foul due to poor performance, such as a dispute with the referee.

Disqualification Foul: A foul action made by a player that does not reflect sportsmanship, such as hitting someone. When such a situation occurs, the player shall be ejected immediately.

A player commits 5 fouls: Whether it is a personal foul or a technical foul, a player who commits 5 fouls (NBA regulations is 6 times) must leave the court and no longer play.

Violation: A violation of the rules that is neither a personal foul nor a technical foul. The main violations are: illegal dribbling, walking with the ball, 3-second violation, taking the ball out of bounds, and kicking the ball with your feet.

A player goes out of bounds: When a player carries the ball or the ball itself touches the boundary line or an area outside the scale line, the ball is out of bounds. The ball is not out of bounds while it is in the air until it touches the line or an area outside the line.

Ball interference: When the ball falls toward the basket, neither player is allowed to touch the ball. Defensive players are not allowed to touch the ball while it is in the basket.

After the ball hits the board, the opponent is not allowed to touch the ball until the ball falls.

Tightly-marked players: Players who are closely-marked by defensive players must pass, dribble or shoot within 5 seconds, otherwise their team will lose possession of the ball (there is no such requirement in NBA rules) ).

Returning the ball to the backcourt: If a team has moved the ball from the backcourt to the frontcourt, players on that team can no longer move the ball across the center line and return it to the backcourt.

Techniques and basic skills in the competition:

(Because there is too much content, it cannot be submitted. If you want to see it, you can visit the following website:

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[Edit this paragraph] Basketball terminology

(1) Dunk: The athlete holds the ball with one or both hands and jumps up in the air from above. Dunk the ball directly into the hoop.

(2) Tip-up: When the shot is missed, the athlete jumps up in the air to tip the ball into the basket.

(3) Blocking: The attacker uses footwork to block the defender from behind. This footwork is called blocking (mostly used to rush for rebounds).

(4) Lead the ball: move in the direction of the passing ball and catch the ball.

(5) Dislocation defense: The defender stands beside the attacker he is guarding and prevents him from catching the ball. This is called misplacement defense.

(6) Key position: The attacker uses his body to block the defender behind him and occupy a favorable position to catch the ball.

(7) Breakthrough: Dribble past the defender.

(8) Air cut: The attacker runs towards the basket with empty hands.

(9) First pass: The first pass when the ball recipient switches from defense to offense.

(10) Block (el tapón): When the attacker shoots, the defender tries to knock the ball out of the air.

(11) Compensation: When one defender loses his correct defensive position, the other defender takes up his correct defensive position in time.

(12) Assistance defense: Assist teammates in defense.

(13) Pressing defense: Get close to the attacker and constantly use aggressive defensive actions to threaten the safety of the opponent with the ball or prevent the opponent from receiving the ball.

(14) Diagonal insertion: Run diagonally from the sideline toward the basket or toward the middle of the court.

(15) Time difference: When shooting, in order to avoid the opponent's defensive block, use the air stay to change the shot release time.

(16) Reception: Offensive players without the ball take the initiative to grab the ball.

(17) Positioning: During the transition between offense and defense, the formation of the attacking and grounding parties.

(18) Support: The offensive team's tactical cooperation in the frontcourt or the entire court through the support and transfer of the ball organized by the middle players, resulting in offensive opportunities such as air cuts, bypass cuts, and screens.

(19) Cover: An offensive coordination in which an offensive player uses reasonable technical actions to block the path of his partner's opponent with his body and creates an opportunity for his partner to escape the defense.

(20) Breakthrough: The offensive player holding the ball passes the ball after breaking through.

(21) Pass and cut: The offensive player holding the ball cuts immediately after passing the ball, preparing to catch the ball and attack.

(22) Back-up defense: When a defensive player loses his position and the offensive player breaks through with the ball and has the possibility of scoring directly, the other nearby defensive player immediately gives up his opponent to prevent the breakthrough with the ball. attacker.

(23) Defense switching: Prevent players from switching defenses.

(24) Close the door: Two adjacent players defending the ball holder quickly move in the direction of the attacker's breakthrough, forming a "barrier" to block the ball holder's breakthrough route.

(25) Pinching: Two defensive players trap an offensive player at the same time, blocking his passing route.

(26) Squeeze past: When two offensive players are covering and cooperating, the player of the one being covered moves closer to him. At the moment when the attacker is about to complete the covering and cooperating, he seizes the position and moves from both sides. Slip past two offensive players, break their screens, and continue to guard your opponent.

(27) Passing: When an offensive player is covering, the player guarding the screener moves slightly away from the opponent, allowing his partner to pass between his screeners and continue to guard the opponent.

(28) Pick-and-roll: Block the defensive player for the teammate holding the ball.

(29) Alley-oop: A teammate passes the ball in, another teammate catches the ball in the air, and then dunks or throws the ball into the basket before it hits the ground.

(30) Bo foot: When an outside player is holding the ball and is closely defended by his opponent, the center or power forward will step out to catch the ball and then safely pass it to other players.

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction to the main positions of the basketball court

Point Guard (PG) (West Base)

Point Guard (Point Guard) is the The one with the most chances to get the ball. He has to bring the ball safely from the backcourt to the frontcourt, and then pass the ball to other teammates, so that others can have a chance to score. A qualified point guard must be able to carry the ball across half the court without any problems when only one person is guarding him. Then, he also needs to have good passing ability and be able to pass the ball to where it should go most of the time: sometimes it is a gap for shooting, sometimes it is a better guide. ball position. Simply put, he wants the ball to flow smoothly and he needs to be able to pass the ball to the place where it is easiest to score. Furthermore, he also needs to organize his team's offense to make his teammates' offense smoother.

There are other requirements for a point guard. In terms of scoring, the player holding the ball is often the last scorer on the team, which means that he will not shoot easily unless other teammates have no good opportunities to take shots. Or to put it another way, he has a strong scoring ability, and uses his scoring ability to destroy the opponent's defense and create opportunities for his teammates. All in all, there is an unchanging principle for ball control: when any teammate on the field has a better chance than him, he must give the ball to the teammate with a better chance.

Shooting Guard (SG) (West Escolta)

Shooting Guard (Shooting Guard) has scoring as his main task. He is the second scorer on the court after the small forward, but he does not need to practice singles skills like a small forward, because he often has his teammates help him find gaps and then shoot. But because of this, his outside accuracy and stability are very good.

There are two things that shooting guards often have to do. The first is to have a good gap to shoot from the outside. Therefore, his outside shooting accuracy and stability must be good, otherwise his teammates will have to work hard to block him. If you have a good opportunity but fail to make the shot, it will have a huge impact on the team's morale and confidence. The second is to find a gap in the small gap to shoot from the outside, so he must shoot quickly. A good shooting guard cannot expect to have such a good gap every time. He should be able to find opportunities to take action in a short period of time, and his hit rate must also be at a certain level. Only in this way can the enemy's defense have a chance. The defensive circle must be widened to facilitate teammates' offensive in the penalty area.

Small Forward (SF) (West alero)

The Small Forward (Small Forward) is the most important scorer in the team. The most fundamental requirement for a small forward is to be able to score, and score from a relatively long distance. As soon as the small forward receives the ball, the first thing that comes to mind is how to put the ball into the basket. He may be a good rebounder, but he doesn't need to; he may be a good passer, but he doesn't need to; he may be a good jumper, but still not necessary; he may be a great defender, but still not necessary. The basic job of a small forward is to score, score, and score again.

Small forward is the position that requires the lowest shooting percentage. Generally speaking, as long as 45% is considered qualified, more than 40% is acceptable. Of course, this has a prerequisite, that is, he must be able to score. If a small forward scores seven or eight points per game and his shooting percentage is only 40%, then he might as well sit on the bench. Having said that, why can the shooting percentage of small forwards be relatively low? Because he is the main scorer on the team, he often has to actively look for opportunities to shoot, to stabilize the morale of the team at certain moments, or even to beat the opponent in a more difficult way to boost morale, or even to intimidate the opponent and give the enemy a head-on blow. Therefore, the small forward will have more opportunities to take shots, and they may not be good opportunities, so we can allow his shooting percentage to be slightly lower, as long as he can score.

Power Forward (PF) (Western ala-pivot)

Power Forward’s tasks on the team are almost all hard work, including rebounding and defense. He is indispensable for every position, but when it comes to shooting and scoring, he is often the last one. Therefore, the power forward can be regarded as the most inconspicuous role on the basketball court.

The first job of a power forward is to grab rebounds.

The power forward is usually the person who grabs the most rebounds on the team. He gets stuck in the penalty area and cooperates with the center, often shouldering the responsibility of rebounding for the whole team. When attacking, he often helps his teammates block people, and then manages to squeeze in to grab rebounds after his teammates take action, leading to the second wave of offense.

Power forwards generally take fewer shots, and their shooting positions are often very close to the basket, so their shooting accuracy requirements are also higher. Among the five positions on the field, the power forward should have the highest shooting percentage, and a good power forward should reach more than 55%. However, since scoring is not his strong point, he does not need to score many points, but he must grab a lot of rebounds. In addition, the hot pot ability when defending is naturally necessary for a power forward, because he wants to consolidate the penalty area, and defense is of course important. In fact, to put it bluntly, a power forward must do two things well: rebounding and defense.

Center (C) (West pivot)

Center (Center), as its name implies, is the central figure of a team. He spends most of his time in the penalty area working hard and maintaining his body. He is the hub of the team both offensively and defensively, so he is called the center.

What kind of work does the center do? First of all, since he is making a living in the penalty area, rebounding is absolutely indispensable. Next, the penalty area is a battleground for each team's military strategists. Of course, opponents cannot easily attack here, so the ability to block attacks and block the hot pot is also indispensable. When attacking, the center often has the opportunity to stand in the penalty area near the free throw line (this is the center of the entire offensive field) to receive the ball. At this time, he should also have good ball-guiding abilities and send the ball to a more appropriate corner. . The above three are the basic skills that a center should possess. In the team, the center is often responsible for scoring. He is the main inside scorer, corresponding to the small forward inside and outside. Because he needs to be able to play in isolation, his shooting percentage requirements can be lower, but his shots are often closer to the basket, so his shooting percentage should be higher. Generally speaking, 52% can be used as a standard. The requirement for a center's shooting percentage is second only to that of a power forward.

A good center is also versatile. In terms of offense, the center must have the ability to play singles close to the basket. He must be able to perform singles actions with his back to the basket. Turning and shooting is the most common one, while jump hooks and hook shots are more difficult to defend. How to score. Defensively, to be called a good center, in addition to guarding the players you should watch, you must also help your teammates with defense in a timely manner. To put it simply, if the enemy player bypasses the defense of his teammates and goes to the basket, the center must have the courage to defend his own penalty area. Of course, it doesn't mean that everything can be flawless every time, but there must always be the ability to "help". If a center can only guard his own man, it is not enough (unless the opponent is a super offensive center).

There is a variant of the center, which is the so-called outside center. The difference between him and a normal center is that his offense mainly involves running outside to shoot outside, and does less work in singles in the penalty area. Since the center is tall, other short people cannot guard it at all, so shooting from the outside can draw out the opponent's center, so it is also very useful when the forward is strong. When defending, he is no different from an ordinary center. He still defends the opponent's center and grabs rebounds as usual.

[Edit this paragraph] Basic basketball knowledge

Purchasing and maintaining basketballs:

There are no less than a hundred basketball manufacturers, especially Sanying , Spalding and CBA brand basketball market occupies a large share. There are many kinds of basketballs on the market, so it is very important to choose a good quality basketball, because a good quality basketball feels comfortable when used and has stable bouncing and rotation performance. A good basketball will cultivate good dribbling habits and help you make standard and in place technical movements. A high-quality brand basketball can also enhance your self-confidence, improve the quality of training and the fun of sports. Of course, the service life of a high-quality basketball Longer, for example: SANYING brand and CBA brand basketballs can be hit 35,000 times without deformation, and the quality and service of good basketballs are more guaranteed.

1. The structure of basketball:

To choose a high-quality basketball, it is necessary to understand the structure of basketball.

1. Liner: The bladder is the heart of the basketball. It is the innermost layer of the basketball and is made of black rubber;

2. Silk wrapping: mid-to-high-end basketball A piece of basketball-specific nylon yarn must be evenly wrapped around the inner surface of the ball to form a protective layer like a cocoon on the ball bladder. However, not every basketball uses this process. Many low-end basketballs do not wrap the yarn and use gauze instead. ;

3. Middle bladder: the support structure between the inner bladder and the skin, made of rubber;

4. Skin: divided into rubber, synthetic leather (ultra-fine strong fiber , PU, ??PVC, etc.) and three major categories of leather;

5. Ball mouth: the "throat" of basketball inflating, which is very critical to air tightness.

2. What are the benefits of high-quality basketball

1. Inner liner: Brands like Sanying and CBA use imported rubber, which is the same material as the inner liner of high-end car tires. Processed through a strict patented process, the bounce is soft and stable, which is the internal source of the delicate feel of high-quality basketball, and a good feel will of course bring good self-confidence;

2. Silk wrapping: Sanying , CBA brand basketball only uses basketball-specific nylon yarn with very good flexibility. It is evenly wound with a precision special basketball yarn winding machine. The length can reach 2 kilometers, which makes the basketball bounce more textured and the ball flight and rotation are more stable when shooting. , more accurate, and makes the basketball stronger and non-deformable;

3. Skin: High-quality basketballs are made of leather materials exclusively supplied by professional manufacturers, which can meet the requirements of different venues and the feel habits of customers. Ying Basketball and CBA brand basketballs provide a variety of basketballs in different material series for basketball enthusiasts to choose from.

3. How to identify various basketballs

1. Identify the trademark of the brand basketball;

2. Check the overall production process;

3. Check the bounce, circularity, center of rotation, ball mouth craftsmanship and comprehensive feel;

4. Check whether the free needles and bags are complete;

5 . Check whether the printing and numbering of the certificate match the barcode on the ball;

6. Check whether the retailer has a designated distribution certificate issued by the brand basketball manufacturer. Sanying basketball and CBA brand basketball are specially produced. Designated dealer certificate;

7. If you are still unsure of the authenticity, you can call the manufacturer directly.

When purchasing a good-quality basketball, you should also pay attention to how to use it:

1. The air pressure of the basketball should be 7-9 pounds, otherwise it will be easily deformed. Test method: On a flat hard surface, let the basketball fall freely from a height of 180CM. The rebound height is 125-145CM, which is normal;

2. Pay attention to choosing indoor materials of different series according to different venues. ／Specialized outdoor basketball;

3. After use, clean the surface of the ball (do not wipe the leather basketball with a wet cloth to prevent mold) and store it in a cool and dry place.

Basketball court facilities

1. Backboard (el tablero): Both sides of the backboard should be made of transparent material, preferably reinforced safety glass, with a hardness equivalent to a thickness of three centimeters wooden. The specifications of the backboard are 1.80 meters wide, 1.05 meters vertical height, and its lower edge is at least 2.90 meters away from the floor. The surface of the backboard should be flat, and a rectangle with a width of 59 centimeters and a height of 45 centimeters should be drawn around it. The upper edge of the bottom line of this rectangle must be connected to the upper end of the basketball hoop.

2. Basketball (Western el canasta): The basketball basket includes the hoop (Western el aro) and the net (Western la red). Hoop - made of solid iron, with an inner diameter of at least 45 cm and at most 45.7 cm, and painted orange. The minimum diameter of the metal hoop is 1.6 cm and the maximum diameter is 2.0 cm. Basket net - should be white and hung on the rim. Its purpose is to allow the ball to receive a slight resistance after entering the basket. The net should have twelve meshes so that it can be hung on the rim. The minimum length is 40 centimeters and the maximum length is no more than 40 centimeters. More than 45 cm. The vertical height of the basket is 3.05 meters.

3. Ball: The basketball must be a perfect circle, orange in color, and the outer cover must be made of leather, rubber or synthetic materials, weigh 600 to 650 grams, and have a circumference of 75 to 78 centimeters. The degree of air pressure in the ball is such that when it falls onto the playing field at a height of approximately 1.8 meters measured from the bottom of the ball, its rebound height shall not be lower than 1.2 meters or higher than 1.4 meters measured from the top of the ball.

4. Timer: The timer displays the game time, the score between the two sides and the number of fouls committed by the team. It should be installed in a place where everyone in the field can clearly see it.

5.24-second timer: The 24-second timer should be automatically timed, using a digital countdown, and the display unit is seconds.

6. Record sheet: The record sheet for all official games organized by the International Basketball Association shall be approved by the International Basketball Association.

7. Number of fouls card: It should be white with a minimum size of 20 cm long and 10 cm wide. 2×20 minutes game format, the numbers are 1 to 5 (1 to 4 are black, 5 is red). 4×12 minutes game format, the numbers are 1 to 6 (1 to 5 are black, 6 is red).

8. Team foul flag: The team foul flag should be red, at least 20 cm wide and 35 cm high, and placed on the scorer's table so that everyone on the court can clearly see it.

Introduction to the international standard basketball court

The basketball court (West La Cancha) is a rectangular solid plane with no obstacles. The standard playing field length is 28m and the width is 15m. The height of the ceiling or lowest obstacle should be at least 7m.

The long side of the basketball court is called the sideline (la línea de lateral), and the short side is called the end line (la línea de fondo). All lines on the court must be very clear and the width of the lines must be 0.05m. With the midpoint of the center line as the center and 1.8m as the radius, draw a circle called the central circle (el círculo central). The three-point shooting area (zona de tiro de 3 puntos/tiro triple) is the area on the ground bounded by two arches on the court.

International standard basketball court area settings

Restricted area: the ground area formed by drawing two lines from both ends of the free throw to a place 3m away from the end line.

The penalty area (west la zona de tiro libre): It is the restricted area plus the semicircular area drawn with the midpoint of the free throw line as the center and a radius of 1.80m outside the restricted area. It is the area where free throws are executed. area.

Three-point shooting area: It is the ground area limited by two arches on the field.