The name Jiangling has extremely rich historical and cultural connotations. First of all, it is the seat of the Chu capital Ying and the center of Chu culture. Ji Na City, the capital of Chu, recorded in the literature, is located 5 kilometers north of Jiangling City. After decades of archaeological surveys and excavations after the founding of the People's Republic of China, fruitful archaeological results have been achieved. The city walls are still there, and they are all made of earth. They are generally 4-5 meters high, with the highest The height is 7.6 meters, the circumference is 15506 meters, and the city area is 16 square kilometers. Seven city gates have been surveyed, including two water gates, and one water gate and one land gate have been excavated. A palace city and a palace area were found in the city, and one of the magnificent palaces has been excavated; many handicraft workshops and many important relics and relics were also discovered in the city, such as more than 400 wells (pottery wells) alone. A large number of Chu tombs were discovered outside the city, especially on Jishan Mountain in the north and Baling Mountain in the west. The large Chu tombs are one after another. From a distance, they look like small hills, which is very spectacular. The local people directly call some large Chu tombs "mountains". For example, the location of No. 1 Chu tomb in Tianxingguan is called Wushan Village. It is named after there are five "mountains" in the village, and these five "mountains", It is the five Chu Tombs. A large number of exquisite and precious Chu cultural relics, such as the sword of King Goujian of Yue, small painted and carved lacquer screens, bamboo slips, etc., have come from some Chu tombs that have been excavated, but only very few have been excavated. The huge treasure house of Chu culture is still buried underground!
Secondly, Jiangling has always been the seat of counties, states, and prefectures, and some emperors established their capitals here. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, it was once changed to Linjiang Kingdom and then Linjiang County, but soon the organizational system of Nanjun Jiangling County was restored. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Emperor Xiao Baorong of Qihe, Emperor Xiao Yi of Liang Yuan, Xiao Xian of Hou Liang, and Xiao Xian of Liang State all established their capitals in Jiangling successively. At that time, its reputation was so great that it was known in history as "the biggest town in Jiangzuo, none more so than Jingyang". In the middle Tang Dynasty, Jiangling was designated as the "accompanying capital", as famous as Chang'an and Luoyang. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Gao Jixing, King of Nanping, established Jiangling as the capital. In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Jiangling Prefecture, in the Yuan Dynasty, Jiangling Prefecture was renamed Zhongxing Road, and in the Ming Dynasty, Zhongxing Road was renamed Jingzhou Prefecture. In short, due to its rich products and dangerous situation, Jiangling has been the economic and cultural center of the past dynasties, as well as a battleground for military strategists. It has always been the seat of state, government and road administration.
Third, Jiangling County is the city of Jingzhou (prefecture). The name Jingzhou appeared very early. "Shang Shu Yu Gong" divided the country into nine states, and Jingzhou was one of them. It can be seen that Jingzhou is a large area. Specifically speaking, Jingzhou City refers to Jiangling City, that is, two people in one place. Although Jingzhou has long been famous, it became famous during the Three Kingdoms period. Zhuge Liang said in "Longzhong Dui": "Jingzhou controls Han and Mian in the north, takes advantage of the South China Sea, connects Wuhui in the east, and connects Bashu in the west. This is the place where force can be used." This deduce that Liu Bei used Jingzhou and Guan Yu to lose Jingzhou carelessly. Many stories. Among the 120 chapters of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", 70 chapters are related to Jingzhou, and 10 of them directly write about Jingzhou City. Because of the widespread spread of the story of the Three Kingdoms, almost everyone in Jingzhou is well-known to women and children. “Every time I hear about the events of the Three Kingdoms, I want to go to Jingzhou.” This shows how attractive the city of Jingzhou is! To this day, dozens of places of interest and historical sites from the Three Kingdoms, such as the Three-Guan Pen, Horse-Xiu Pond, Zhang Fei Yidan Tu, Guan Gong Dianjiang Platform, Kongming Bridge, etc., are still scattered in many places inside and outside the ancient city.
According to historical records, the earth city of Jingzhou (Jiangling) was built by Shu general Guan Yu, and the brick city was built by Gao Jixing, King of Nanping during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was demolished three times. The current city was rebuilt on the old foundation of the Ming Dynasty in the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1646). It has been repaired many times since then. The ancient city of Jingzhou is the largest and best-preserved city in southern my country. The entire city circle still retains its ancient appearance. At the six city gates, there are urns, gates, gate towers, battle towers, battlements, etc. The moat outside the city surrounds the ancient city. Surrounded by the city wall, the city wall rises and falls with the ground and winds along the lake, which is very spectacular. The city wall is 8.3 meters high, 10.5 kilometers in circumference, and the city covers an area of ??4.47 square kilometers. The city's architecture is quite unique. Because it is built between rivers, lakes and harbors, it is difficult to build a stable city foundation. If there is too much rain, there is a risk of waterlogging. Ancient craftsmen used their ingenuity and superb skills to solve these problems. In order to strengthen the base of the city, glutinous rice slurry was mixed with lime, and the strips of stone were glued into giant plates. Between the strips of stone, pig iron waist clips were used to connect them to make them firm, and then brick walls were built on top. In order to solve the problems of drainage and drought relief in the city, there are five water channels around the city wall, which are more than 2 meters deep. Two people can walk side by side without any obstruction.
When there is a drought, water from outside the city can be diverted into the city; when there is a flood, water damage can be eliminated in time. It also has a flood prevention function. There are gates in each of the six city gates. If the gates are closed tightly, the city will be protected from floods.
Fourth, many important figures in our country’s history lived or were born here. In addition to the above-mentioned emperors who built the capital, the politicians Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, and the strategist Guan Yu, here are the important ones whose brief introduction is as follows:
During the Warring States Period, the famous Wu Qi Reform of Chu State was implemented here. Famous politicians at that time, such as Yan Ying of Qi State, Shang Yang of Qin State, and strategist Zhang Yi, all came here. The great patriotic poet Qu Yuan and his disciple Song Yu worked here. Among the hundreds of scholars, Mozi and Zhuangzi both visited the capital of Chu. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, celebrities with lofty ideals include Sima Qian, Wang Can, Tao Yuanming, Kong Zhigui, Jiang Yan, Li Baiyao, Yu Xin, Chen Ziang, Zhang Shuo, Wang Wei, Zhang Jiuling, Meng Haoran, Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin, Du Mu, and Wang Anshi , Su Shi, Lu You, Wang Shizhen, etc. all came to Jiangling and left many poems. Some of these poems commemorate the capital of Chu, write about Chu events, and some describe the ancient city of Jiangling (Jingzhou). For example, Jiang Yan of the Southern Dynasties described the ruins of Ji Nancheng in "A Journey to Ji Nancheng from the King of Jianping": "The king was lost in thought, and the tree feathers looked at the city of Chu. Nian Jiyi and the sword were destroyed, and the palace halls in the distance were leveled. The brocade tents "Lonely forever, the secret sound of the colorful piano is beautiful." Another example is Liu Yuxi's "Ji Nan Ge" in the Tang Dynasty: "The wind and smoke in Nancheng, the dusty Jingmen Road, and the cold weather are many hunting horses," and Luo Yin's "Jin Nan Song" in the Tang Dynasty. "Su Ji Nancheng" borrows the scenery to create feelings: "Ce Jian travels to the south to recall the Chu Dynasty, the gloomy wind blows and the trees rustle. I don't know that Wuji's evil bones are also making wild kudzu seedlings." There are many descriptions of Jingzhou City, such as Liu Yuxi's "Jingzhou" "Tao nostalgic for the past" summarizes the history of Jingzhou City: "The mountains and rivers of the southern country were the old imperial territory, and the Tailiang Pavilion of the Song Dynasty is still there. Pedestrians rest on the ancient horse road, and wild pheasants fly in the empty city. The wind blows the fallen leaves to fill the palace well, and the fire enters the desolate mausoleum and transforms it into treasure clothes. "The disciple Yu Kaifu was sent to Xianyang, and he thought hard about returning to Xianyang all day long." Zhang Shuo of the Tang Dynasty wrote about the current situation at that time: "Every time a gentleman thinks of spring, the sky is floating on the river." "The ancient city in Meng Haoran's painting is a quiet and elegant picture: the trees are bright in the distance, and the bamboos are flowing in the wells, and the wind is blowing in the woods." Du Fu praised the richness of Jiangling like this: "I heard about Jiangling Mansion, and the clouds and gauze are still and silent. The white fish is like cut jade, the red orange does not matter the money, the water has trees far away from the lake, where can people go to the boat now. The green mountains are in sight, but they are still there. "Looking at the sky in the gorge." One of "Jiang Xing" written by Qian Qi of the Tang Dynasty pointed out that the reason why Jingzhou is famous is precisely because of the Chu culture. He wrote: "Walking on the back of Qingshan Guo, singing about the white dew of autumn, the romantic and unyielding Song Dynasty. , "Empty Ode to Ancient Jingzhou." That is to say, if Jingzhou did not have Qu Yuan, Song Yu and other famous figures in Chu State, the content of "Ode to Jingzhou" would be empty and empty. It can be seen that the ancients also knew how important Chu culture was to Jingzhou.
Gangneung is home to outstanding people, and many celebrities in history were born here. The poets Cen Shen, Cui Daorong, and Rong Yu of the Tang Dynasty, and Zhu Ang, the "Xiaowanjuan" of the Song Dynasty, are all well-known Jiangling talents. The prime ministers of the Tang Dynasty, Liu Jie, Duan Wenchang, Cen Wenwen, Cen Changqian, Cen Xi, Tang Jie, and the outstanding political reformer of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Juzheng, were all from Jiangling. It is precisely for this reason that the ancients once said about Jiangling: "There are more pipa than rice bowls, and there are more Cuoda (students) than crucian carp." It can be seen that this place has been a country of music and culture since ancient times.
It is precisely these extremely rich cultural connotations that make Jiangling become one of the first batch of historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. The name of a city is far more important than the trademark of a product; and the name of a city rich in historical and cultural connotations is far more important than the trademark of a famous product. This is a very simple truth. Why do some famous trademarks have to be registered at home and abroad? Because this is an intangible asset, and its value is many times more precious than tangible assets. Isn't this true for the name of a city? For example, when mentioning Athens, Venice, and Beijing, they are all very desirable. People who have never been there always hope to have the opportunity to visit them. The fame of these famous cities is firstly due to their extremely rich historical and cultural connotations; secondly, it is not formed overnight. This intangible asset is priceless and cannot be bought with any amount of money.
As for Jiangling, the State Council has announced it as a famous historical and cultural city, but it has to be abandoned and given to Haoxue. Isn't it a pity?