Primary school students' knowledge of food hygiene and safety: To prevent food poisoning, we should first pay attention to personal hygiene, so as to take a bath, wash clothes, cut nails, have a haircut and change sheets and quilts frequently (once a month).
Keep the classroom, dormitory and environment clean and hygienic, and form the good habit of washing hands before and after meals and not overeating. Secondly, do "six don't eat", don't eat cold food, unclean fruits and vegetables, don't eat spoiled food, don't eat meals without high temperature treatment, don't drink raw water and don't eat snacks.
Then, we should pay attention to identify the quality of food from the food label. Choosing safe food is the first step to control the spread of disease. 1, know the characteristics of food poisoning.
Short incubation period: general gastrointestinal symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal pain, some accompanied by vomiting and fever within a few minutes to several hours after eating. 2. Improve self-help awareness. If the above symptoms appear, it is necessary to doubt whether it is food poisoning, go to the hospital in time and report to the teacher. 3. Prevent food poisoning and develop good hygiene habits. Wash your hands frequently, especially before and after meals. Wash hands with sterile soap and hand sanitizer. Don't eat cold and unclean food. Don't eat spoiled leftovers, cold drinks and snacks. Do not eat spicy food for a long time. Don't eat wild fruits casually. Don't drink in a hurry, especially the water after eating fruit.
Don't rush to eat and drink after strenuous exercise. Don't buy fried and smoked food from unlicensed stalls, and try to eat in the school cafeteria.
Never go to unlicensed stall restaurants to buy food or eat. Do not drink raw water, it is recommended to drink standard pure water.
Do not buy pickled products at home for more than 2 days at school. Carefully check the packaging label to see whether the basic label, factory address, telephone number and production date are clearly marked and qualified. View Market Access Signs (QS) Introduction to Market Access Signs QS: In order to ensure people's food hygiene and safety, the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine has implemented a food safety market access system nationwide since 2002. After the factory food has passed the compulsory inspection, it is labeled with market access signs to facilitate the purchase. Since 2002, five kinds of food, such as wheat flour, rice, edible vegetable oil, soy sauce and vinegar, have been introduced. In the second half of 2003, the market access system was implemented for instant noodles, puffed food, canned food, cold drinks and other 10 foods.
Talking about health 1). Talking about hygiene and health In fact, hygiene must be paid attention to everywhere. On the roadside, in the street, in the alley, in the stalls of those vendors, you must never buy some food such as oil cakes and stinky tofu. Who knows what they are made of? They are easy to get sick and even cause diarrhea, dizziness and other symptoms. Washing hands before and after meals is also a hygienic behavior.
Speaking of health, some people may say, "If you eat too much, you will be healthy!" In fact, health does not lie in eating more. You should exercise regularly, drink plenty of water, eat on time every day, go to bed on time and so on, so as to be healthy. I read in the newspaper that eating too many fruits and vegetables and eating more vitamins is good for your health.
Hygiene and health are closely related. Bad hygiene habits not only make your body easy to get sick, but sometimes even your precious eyes will be attacked.
When you come into contact with money, expired books and other items, never rub your eyes, otherwise the bacteria on your hands will enter your eyes, causing trachoma and reducing your vision. In order to have a healthy body, we should develop good hygiene habits in peacetime.
Good hygiene habits are not abstract concepts, but are manifested as small things in life. For example, keep yourself clean and tidy, change clothes frequently, take a bath frequently, and cut your nails frequently; Wash your hands before and after meals; Clean the environment frequently; Take part in physical exercise properly to enhance immunity.
(2) Eat healthy food and pay attention to eating hot pot. In cold weather, people like to eat hot pot, but we should pay attention to the following hygiene habits: (1) Food should not be overheated, and overheated food can easily burn oral mucosa, esophagus and gastric mucosa, and induce diseases of esophagus or stomach. (2) Don't leave too much food in the hot pot, so as not to cook the food for too long and lose the flavor and nutrition of the dishes.
(3) Food must be cooked before eating, so as to avoid infection with parasite eggs or bacteria. 9, overeating hurts the body In daily life, some people like to enjoy large pieces of meat and large glasses of wine until they are full of food and drink, but they don't know that hidden dangers are already in it.
Overeating exceeds the normal digestion of the spleen and stomach. First of all, it produces a feeling of fullness and is easy to indigestion; Secondly, when a large number of high-protein foods are ingested for a long time, blood ammonia will increase greatly, exceeding the ability of liver and kidney to process ammonia. Produce ammonia poisoning; More seriously, a large amount of ammonia accumulated in the blood will enter the brain tissue with the blood flow, poisoning the central nervous system, ranging from being groggy and unconscious all day, to sudden death after overeating.
A scientific diet is to eat well at breakfast, eat well at noon and eat less at dinner to avoid overeating. 10, beware of food poisoning in the refrigerator. As a household equipment for refrigerating food, refrigerator brings a lot of convenience to people's daily life, but refrigerator is not a safe.
Generally speaking, the temperature of the freezer is-15~ 18℃, while the normal greenhouse is only 2~8℃. Low temperature can inhibit most pathogenic bacteria, but it has little effect on psychrophilic bacteria and psychrophilic bacteria. Some bacteria can grow and reproduce below zero.
So the refrigerator can't inhibit all bacteria, and the food stored in the refrigerator will go bad. 1 1. Raw and cooked food and knives should be separated. Raw and cooked food refers to the tools for making, holding and storing raw and cooked food.
Such as chopping boards, knives and other appliances should be placed separately and marked clearly. Raw and cooked food should not be stored in the same refrigerator or cupboard. Cooked food is easy to be polluted, causing intestinal diseases and parasitic diseases, which is harmful to the body.
12. What does a balanced diet mean? Food should be varied and light, with coarse grain flour and rice. Eat less fat and sweets and more vegetables and fruits. 13. Clean the wok in time to keep healthy. Some people don't clean the wok in time after cooking to save trouble, and then fry the next dish, or mistakenly think that the wok is used every day without cleaning. In fact, it is very harmful to health, especially when processing protein and fatty dishes, it will form a pot scale containing carcinogens, and eating a small amount of carcinogens often will leave hidden dangers in the body.
Therefore, when cooking, you should do a good job of cleaning.
5. Common sense of food safety
1. Choose and eat safe food: When buying and consuming food, you should pay attention to choosing restaurants and food stores with valid hygiene licenses, and check whether the labels of stereotyped packaged food and bulk food indicate the factory name, site, production date and shelf life, etc. Pay attention to whether the fly-proof and dust-proof facilities are complete, and whether the storage conditions and storage containers meet the hygiene requirements when buying cooked braised dishes and cold dishes.
2. Cooked food should be thoroughly cooked: uncooked food usually contains pathogenic bacteria. Only thorough cooking can kill all kinds of germs, and the temperature of all parts of food should be at least above 70℃ when heating. Green beans and soybean milk should be thoroughly heated and cooked, because they contain hemagglutinin and saponin respectively.
3. Eat cooked food immediately: It is extremely unsafe to eat cooked food stored at room temperature for 4-5 hours, because when cooked food is cooled to room temperature, microorganisms begin to multiply in large numbers, and toxins produced during the reproduction process will cause poisoning to the consumers.
4. Avoid cross-contamination of raw and cooked foods: When cooking, food tools such as knives and chopping boards should be separated from food containers, and be careful not to mix raw and cooked foods in the refrigerator.
5. Reheat the cooked food thoroughly: If the food is stored in the refrigerator every other day or overnight, it must be completely reheated before eating, which can kill the microorganisms that multiply during storage. However, if cooked food is found to be spoiled, it should be discarded, because some toxins produced by microorganisms cannot be eliminated by heating.
6. Keep the kitchen clean: the tools and utensils used to prepare food must be kept clean, the sink should be cleaned and disinfected regularly, and the dishcloth in contact with kitchen utensils should be disinfected and dried every day. Tableware should be kept clean after cleaning and disinfection.
7. Avoid insects such as flies and cockroaches from touching food: The best protection measure is to store food in a closed container to prevent the above pests from bringing pathogenic microorganisms into food.
Eight, eat vegetables with confidence: Because food poisoning caused by pesticide residues in vegetables still exists, the method of "one washing, two soaking, three scalding and four rinsing" is adopted to remove pesticide residues in vegetables.
Nine, consumers traveling abroad, due to physical fatigue, immunity and digestive function will decline. When eating, we should pay attention to reasonable nutrition, mix meat and vegetables, and avoid overeating, so as not to confuse gastrointestinal diseases with food poisoning.