Jingjiang dialect is a dialect of Wu dialect and belongs to the Taihu-Piling dialect of Wu dialect. Jingjiang is the northernmost point of the traditional Wu-speaking area and one of only three Wu-speaking county-level cities in the north of the Yangtze River.
Jingjiang dialect in a general sense refers to Lao'an dialect, which is spoken in the main urban area and most other areas, accounting for about 75% of Jingjiang's population. The total Wu dialect population (including Lao'an dialect, Chongming dialect, Shashang dialect and Jiasha dialect, which is a fusion of Lao'an dialect) accounts for 85% of Jingjiang's population and area. Shashang dialect, Taixing dialect and Rugao dialect of Jianghuai dialect are spoken in the peripheral areas of Jingjiang (such as Xinqiao Dongxing and other townships in the southwest corner).
Jingjiang dialect (zin kɑng wo) is Jiangnan dialect (Wu dialect) but the region is not in Jiangnan. Jingjiang is in Jiangbei but the language spoken is not Jiangbei dialect (Jianghuai Mandarin). This is related to the history of Jingjiang. Jingjiang was used by Emperor Wu to herd horses and sand, and the sergeants recruited from Wu County were the earliest ancestors of Jingjiang. Jingjiang belonged to Jiangyin before the county was established. After the county was established in the Ming Dynasty (1471), it belonged to Changzhou Prefecture. It has also been under the jurisdiction of Jiangnan for more than 460 years. Due to the frequent exchanges between Jingjiang and Jiangnan and the increase in immigrants from the Piling area in the south of the Yangtze River, the Wu attributes of Jingjiang dialect have been further consolidated.
Jingjiang dialect retains the differentiation of voiced sounds, entry sounds and sharp group sounds, and the tongue-curved sounds are mostly pronounced as lingual sounds. Jingjiang dialect has seven tones - Yinping, Yangping, Shangsheng, Yinqu, Yangqu, Yinru, Yangru. Temple fair customs: Jingjiang has historically been a county with many temple fairs. At its peak, there were more than 160 large and small temples, not including the local temples that existed in every village. Because there are many temples, there are naturally many temple fairs. Temple fairs are also called incense festivals, which are the days when faithful men and women gather in temples to burn incense. The incense period of each temple is different. There is a saying in Jingjiang that "on March 3rd, go up to Gushan". The Chenghuang Temple is remembered four times: the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, the Qingming Festival, the half of July and the first day of October. Other temples also have their own incense festivals. Temple fairs are sacred festivals for faithful men and women. On this day, they got up before dawn, fasted, bathed, put on clean and tidy clothes, and walked to the temple carrying sachets on their backs. The incense bag is apricot yellow with the words "Pursing Incense to the Mountain" on it and contains incense candles and paper horses.
Spring Festival customs: On the first day of the first lunar month, women do not go to the stove to cook breakfast, so as not to impure the gods, and ask them to take care of the children so that they will not cry, which is a good start. Eating rice noodles for breakfast is called "Reunion". Those who come to pay New Year greetings are given peanuts, broad beans, melon seeds, candies, etc., which are called "sweet mouths". Eating wontons, dumplings, or leftover meals from New Year's Eve for lunch means "more than enough every year." In the afternoon, three or five people gather together to throw dice, play cards, and play mahjong for fun until "Lamp Down" (the eighteenth day of the first lunar month) to wash their hands. Throughout the day, people who "send wealth to the God of Wealth" and perform "blue dragon" dances (begging in disguise) walk through the streets and alleys, and folk cultural and artistic activities such as dragon lanterns and lion dances are held throughout urban and rural areas. It is getting late, and every family tells the children to go to bed early and does not light the lights, saying that it will not disturb the "rat wedding". Every household will sweep the floor that night. If the floor is not swept on the second day of the lunar month, it is called the birthday of the floor. Starting from the second day of the Lunar New Year, we go out to pay New Year greetings. The rule of paying New Year greetings is to first visit close relatives and then distant relatives, and this continues until the seventh and eighth days of the lunar month. As the saying goes: "When New Year greetings arrive on the seventh or eighth day of the lunar month, there will be some wine left in the jar." On the fifth day of the lunar month, the God of Wealth is worshiped, and merchants' homes in cities and towns often offer sacrifices with heavy rituals.
Lantern Festival customs: Farmers use rice scraps to make models of chickens, fish, pigs, ducks, cotton bags, fruits, etc., paint them with colors and steam them, and offer them to the Buddha in the morning, burn incense and light candles to pray. "The grain will be plentiful and the livestock will be prosperous." Larger market towns such as Jingcheng and Jishi also hold lantern activities. Rural dragon lanterns and flower boats also gather in the market. On this day, each temple has a natural incense period, and believers go to the temples to burn incense. Young men and women, especially women, flock to the markets to watch lanterns and plays. Therefore, girls born in rural areas are called "those who go to the streets in the first half of the first month". Starting from the thirteenth day of the first lunar month, every family lights candles and holds lanterns in front of the Buddha statue in the evening, and gathers in front of the lamp happily. Some invite their neighbors to gather together, and invite "Nine Girls" in front of the Buddha to ask about the girl's foolishness and wisdom; or they invite "Tianhe" "Girl", "Cinderella Girl", "Cinderella Girl", etc., predict good times and good fortune for people and animals in that year. If you have eye diseases, you can also make a wish to hang a "sky lantern" during the Lantern Festival in the coming year. Xianbatan, Jingjiang sermon, waist drum, clay dog, Gushan temple fair, little lion dance, lake boat boating, lotus playing, Yangko dance, dragon lantern dance, and Phoenix singing.
Jingjiang Lectures: Jingjiang Lectures is the only folk art form in ancient China that is still taught, sung and passed down in the form of "doing lectures" among the people. The "Jing" of the sermon is called "Baojuan", which comes from Bianwen in the Tang Dynasty. Bianwen is a kind of Buddhist layman's talk, which expresses the divine transformations in Buddhist utensils in popular words. Jingjiang Lectures are spread throughout the world in pure Jingjiang Wu dialect, forming a system of its own with unique local characteristics. Jingjiang's lecture treasure scrolls are divided into three types: "sacred scrolls", "cao scrolls" and "technical ritual scrolls".
The sacred scroll, also known as the main scroll, is the most distinctive treasure scroll in Jingjiang. It tells and sings Buddhist and Taoist stories and is used during meetings to fulfill wishes to gods during the day. The caojuan, also known as the small scroll, tells and sings general literary stories and is used at night. Audience entertainment; Keyi scroll is a treasure scroll used for folk rituals to sing and sing. There are more than 100 kinds of old texts of Jingjiang Lecture Book, and there are still more than 60 kinds of printed and manuscripts in the world. In addition, there are more than 30 kinds of oral texts preserved by folk artists, and there are more than 90 kinds of them. Among them, there are more than 20 kinds of sacred scrolls, more than 60 kinds of grass scrolls, and more than 10 kinds of scientific ritual scrolls.
Xianbatan: A small folk silk and bamboo band in Jingjiang that adds atmosphere to weddings. Commonly used music includes "Eight Scenes", "Ching Tune", "Lang Tao Sha", "Three Plum Blossoms", etc. In order to adapt to the development of the times and the needs of the masses, Xianbatan now adds the performance of popular songs on the basis of retaining traditional repertoire.
Gushan Temple Fair: There is a folk proverb in Jingjiang, which is "Go to Gushan on March 3rd." The March 3rd Temple Fair in Jingjiang commemorates the birth of Guanyin Bodhisattva. Every year on the third day of the third lunar month, a temple fair is held in Gushan, which is divided into auspicious folk activities, food shopping activities, entertainment and leisure activities, etc. Crowds of people gathered in Gushan, burning incense and lighting candles to pray for wealth and peace. In addition to offering incense, there is also a market place at the foot of the mountain. Jingjiang preserved meat, Yangtze River delicacies, crab roe soup dumplings, mutton, indica rice porridge, Jishi big oven cake, yeast, Maqiao wontons, old chicken, braised hoof, dumplings, crickets, bamboo shoots, Jinbo wine, fragrant sand taro.
Jingjiang Preserved Pork:
Jingjiang Preserved Pork is a traditional famous dish that uses pork leg meat as the main ingredient. The dish is brown in color, has a beautiful luster, has a sweet taste, and is not greasy. The finished product is in sheet form.
Jingjiang Pork Jerky was founded in 1936. It selects fine ingredients, uses traditional techniques, and is mixed with a variety of natural spices. It is carefully processed through more than ten processes
Jingjiang Pork Shop It has won the National Gold Medal twice and is exported to Japan, Russia, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macao. It is a good gift and was selected into the second batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list of Jiangsu Province.
Jingjiang crab roe soup dumplings:
On October 28, 2015, "Jingjiang crab roe soup dumplings" officially passed the trademark of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce after a series of procedures such as review and publicity. It was approved by the Bureau and successfully obtained the national geographical indication certification trademark. This is the second special product in Jingjiang City successfully registered as a national geographical indication certification trademark after "Jingjiang Fragrant Taro".
Jingjiang crab roe soup dumplings have a history of nearly 200 years. With the continuous improvement of production technology and formula, crab roe soup dumplings are as thin as paper and can be popped when blown. They are delicious and healthy. Beauty, popular among diners.
The "Getting Rich" column of CCTV has introduced "Jingjiang Soup Dumplings" many times. The seventh episode of "A Bite of China" "Our Field" introduces the delicious recipe Jingjiang crab roe soup dumplings.
Fragrant Sha Taro:
Jingjiang Xiang Sha Taro is the first national geographical indication certification trademark in Jingjiang.
Fragrant taro is a unique product of the Yangtze River alluvial plain and can be used as both food and vegetables.
Jingjiang City is the origin of sweet potato, with a long planting history and rich planting experience. The sweet potato varieties are highly resistant to diseases and pests, and rarely use pesticides for prevention and control. The product is rich in nutrients, has a delicate taste, and has a unique fragrance. It is known as "taro millet" and is favored by consumers.
CCTV2 "The Right Way to Make Money" 20151103 Autumn Harvest Series "Our hometown has a specialty - Jingjiang Fragrant Taro" introduced Jingjiang Fragrant Taro. There are hundreds of place names in Jingjiang city related to horses, among which the bridge and dam names include Maqiao, Damaqiao, Xiaomaqiao, Majiaqiao, Maqiaotou, Maxifengqiao, Mayufangqiao, Shuangmaba, etc.
At the intersection of Zhanzhan Road and South Ring Road in the urban area, a statue of a white horse stands.
From the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, four academies were built in Jingjiang, among which the ones related to horses are Mazhou Academy, Ji Teng Academy, etc.