knowledge of the company's safety production rules and regulations:
1. What safety responsibilities should the post operators follow?
article 1 actively participate in various safety activities, study safety technical knowledge, strictly abide by various safety production rules and regulations, strengthen self-protection awareness, improve safety skills, and achieve "four no injuries", that is, don't hurt others, don't hurt yourself, don't be hurt by others, and protect others from harm.
Article 2. You must dress up for work according to the regulations, conscientiously implement the shift-over system, and carefully check whether the equipment and safety facilities of this post are complete and intact before taking over.
article 3 strictly implement the safety operation rules, observe labor discipline, operate carefully, and be familiar with the preventive measures of occupational hazards and emergency rescue plans for accidents.
Article 4. Carry out patrol inspection on time, accurately analyze, judge and handle abnormal situations in the production process and report them.
article 5: carefully maintain the equipment, rectify the hidden dangers in time, keep records, keep the workplace clean and tidy, and do a good job in the fixed-position management of articles.
article 6 correctly use and properly keep all kinds of labor protection articles, appliances and fire-fighting equipment.
Article 7. Do not operate against regulations, discourage or stop others from operating against regulations, and have the right to refuse to carry out the illegal command, and report to the leader in time.
2. What should the safety responsibilities of special operators comply with?
article 1 special operators must hold a valid certificate of special operation qualification issued by the labor inspection department before they can engage in special operations.
Article 2 Special operators must seriously study new technologies for special operations, improve their safety operation skills, and attend safety technology training for a specified number of years.
Article 3 Before carrying out special operations, the relevant tickets for carrying out special operations on site must be handled according to regulations; Have the right to refuse operations without a valid ticket for special operations.
Article 4 Special operators shall abide by the safety management rules and regulations of their own jobs and workplaces.
Article 5 Special operators shall be responsible for the safety of other personnel who assist them in special operations.
article 6 when special operators find dangerous factors in their operations, they should immediately stop their operations and report to the competent personnel in order to eliminate hidden dangers.
article 7 after the completion of special operations, the job site should be carefully cleaned.
article 8 strengthen the maintenance of equipment, tools and equipment used in special operations to ensure their safety and reliability.
article 9 special operators should strictly protect labor safety and health.
3. What do you mean by "three no's" in hot work in no-fire area?
a: the "three no-fires" for hot work in the no-fire area means: (1) no hot work without a hot work certificate; (2) Do not use fire until the fire prevention measures are implemented; (3) Don't use fire when the fire supervisor is not at the scene.
4. The company's fire and smoking ban management system
Fire ban management system
1. It is forbidden to use naked light without authorization and smoking in the fire ban area.
2. Canteen and dormitory should be equipped with necessary fire-fighting facilities, heatstroke prevention and ventilation facilities, and relevant personnel must know how to use fire-fighting equipment.
3. No articles shall be stacked around all fire-fighting facilities, so as to keep the fire escape unblocked.
4. In case of sparks caused by electric leakage, the electrical equipment shall be powered off immediately for maintenance.
5, before coming off work or holidays, all departments and departments should check whether there is fire, close the power switch and doors and windows.
6. Those who violate the fire ban system will be punished by withholding safety award in the current month until criminal responsibility is investigated, depending on the seriousness of the case.
no smoking management system
1. Smoking is prohibited in the factory.
2. No-smoking signs shall be posted in meeting rooms, offices and other public places, and smoking utensils shall not be installed indoors.
3. Refuse foreigners to smoke, discourage foreigners from smoking, and do a good job in explanation.
4. For employees who violate the smoking ban system, informed criticism is proposed and 1 yuan is fined.
2. Safety knowledge of hazardous chemicals:
1. What safety regulations should be observed when entering flammable and explosive work areas?
(1) it is forbidden to carry kindling with you;
(2) Turn off communication tools and electronic equipment such as mobile phones that you carry with you;
(3) No smoking;
(4) Wear work clothes that do not generate static electricity and work shoes without nails.
2. How to prevent fire or explosion caused by friction and impact in the production of dangerous chemicals?
(1) Ensure that the rotating parts such as bearings on the machine are well lubricated, refuel in time, and often remove the attached combustible dirt.
(2) prevent metal parts, nails, etc. from falling into pulverizers, reactors, hoists and other equipment.
(3) It is forbidden to wear spiked shoes in inflammable and explosive places, and the floor should be made of materials that do not generate sparks.
(4) replace iron tools with copper tools and technical tools, and different metals should be used for the two parts that will collide or rub.
(5) The pipeline conveying gas or liquid should be subjected to pressure test regularly to prevent the pipeline from cracking or the joint from loosening and spraying fire.
(6) When handling metal containers, it is forbidden to throw or drag them on the ground, and cover the parts where the containers may collide with materials that will not spark.
(7) The crane used to hoist the metal container containing flammable gas and liquid should be inspected frequently to prevent the hanging rope from breaking and the hook from slipping, which will cause the falling impact and ignition.
3. What aspects should be paid attention to in process and technical measures to prevent fire and explosion accidents in hazardous chemicals production enterprises?
feeding control, raw material purity control, temperature control and emergency treatment measures.
4. What are the safety equipment and facilities of dangerous goods production enterprises?
the safety equipment and facilities of dangerous goods production enterprises refer to the monitoring, monitoring, ventilation, sun protection, temperature adjustment, fire prevention, fire extinguishing, explosion prevention, pressure relief, anti-virus, disinfection, and safety protection articles for workers in neutralization field.
(1) The production and business operation units of dangerous chemicals shall set up obvious safety warning signs on the production and business operation sites and related facilities and equipment with great risk factors.
(2) Wash the skin contaminated with strong acid with plenty of water, or with baking soda and soapy water, and apply ointment if necessary; Splash into eyes and rinse with warm water, then rinse with 5% baking soda solution or boric acid; Rinse your mouth immediately with plenty of water, take plenty of cold boiled water to induce vomiting, or wash your stomach with magnesium oxide suspension; Respiratory poisoning should be immediately moved to fresh air to keep body temperature, and oxygen should be taken if necessary.
(3) In order to prevent the inflammable and explosive articles in the container from burning or exploding, the inflammable and explosive articles in the container should be replaced, purged and cleaned before hot work maintenance.
(4) When a major chemical accident occurs, which may pose a threat to the safety of people inside and outside the factory, the personnel unrelated to the accident emergency rescue must be evacuated under the unified command of the headquarters. Enterprises should set up wind vane on the tallest building. The direction, distance and concentration place of evacuation must be specified according to different accidents. The general principle is that the evacuation safety point is in the upwind direction at that time.
what should I pay attention to when loading, unloading and handling explosives? When loading, unloading and handling explosives, it is necessary to unload them lightly, and it is forbidden to drop, roll, turn over, throw, drag, pull, rub or impact them to avoid explosion. Scattered powdery or granular explosives should be moistened with water, and then gently collected with soft materials such as sawdust or cotton wool, and transferred to a safe place for disposal to avoid residue. Operators are not allowed to wear shoes with nails and carry matches and lighters into the loading and unloading site. No smoking.
what are the eight categories of hazardous chemicals? What is the name? Hazardous chemicals are divided into eight categories: explosives, compressed gases and liquefied gases, reactive liquids, reactive solids, natural objects and flammable materials when wet, oxidants and organic peroxides, toxic substances and corrosive products.
why can't personal protective equipment be used as the main means to control the hazards of dangerous chemicals? Personal protective equipment can neither reduce the concentration of harmful chemicals in the workplace nor eliminate harmful chemicals in the workplace, but is just a barrier to prevent harmful substances from entering the human body. The failure of protective equipment itself means the disappearance of protective barrier, so individual protection can not be regarded as the main means to control hazards, but only as an auxiliary measure.
III. Training on knowledge related to pressure vessels
What are the safety accessories for pressure vessels?
Safety valves, bursting discs, liquid level gauges, pressure gauges and thermometers
Key points for safe operation of pressure vessels:
The use workshop of pressure vessels should formulate process operation procedures and post operation procedures, and clearly put forward safety operation requirements such as operating process indicators, post operation methods, key inspection items and positions in operation, possible abnormal phenomena and preventive measures, and emergency reporting procedures.
the workshop shall notify the motor department and full-time management personnel of the branch factory of the dismantling, relocation (including standby replacement) and non-temporary shutdown of pressure vessels; If the lining is changed, the lining is stopped for more than 2 years, and the operating parameters, medium and use are changed, it must be reported to the full-time management personnel in advance, so as to arrange the inspection and handle the relevant procedures.
in operation, pressure vessels are generally not allowed to be repaired. During daily maintenance, the main pressure components (cylinder, head, manhole cover, manhole flange, manhole nozzle, expansion joint, perforated reinforcing ring, equipment flange, spherical shell plate of spherical tank, tube plate and heat exchange tube of heat exchanger, main bolt of equipment above M36, nozzle and flange with nominal diameter greater than or equal to 25mm) shall not be moved at will.
Related knowledge of chemical safety operation:
Safety specification for hot work
Definition of hot work:
Unconventional operations beyond the process setting that can directly or indirectly generate open flames, such as using electric welding, gas welding (cutting), blowtorch, electric drill, grinding wheel, etc. for unconventional operations that may generate flames, sparks and hot surfaces.
what are the levels of hot work?
hot work is divided into special hot work, first-class hot work and second-class hot work.
special hot work is carried out in inflammable and explosive production devices, pipelines, storage tanks, containers and other special dangerous places under production and operation conditions. Hot work without replacement under pressure is managed according to special hot work.
class I hot work is the hot work in inflammable and explosive places except special hot work. The hot work on the pipe gallery in the factory area is managed according to the first-class hot work.
secondary hot work
hot work in the fire-forbidden area except special hot work and primary hot work.
after all production devices or systems are shut down, and the devices pass the cleaning, replacement, sampling and analysis, and safety isolation measures are taken, they can be approved by the factory safety (fire prevention) department according to their fire and explosion risks, and the hot work can be managed according to the second-class hot work.
what are the basic requirements for fire safety in hot work?
A there should be a special person to supervise the fire during hot work. Before hot work, the flammable items at and around the hot work site should be removed, or other effective safety and fire prevention measures should be taken, and adequate fire-fighting equipment should be equipped.
B where hot work is carried out on containers, equipment, pipelines and other production and storage devices containing or containing dangerous chemicals, and production equipment in Class A and B areas, it should be completely isolated from the production system, cleaned and replaced, and hot work can only be carried out after sampling and analysis are qualified;
C if there are combustibles, cavities, manholes, ditches and water seals on the ground during hot work in Class A and Class B areas, they should be inspected and analyzed, and measures such as cleaning or sealing should be taken if they are within 15 m from the fire point; For the equipment that may leak flammable and combustible materials around the fire point, effective space isolation measures should be taken.
D during the hot work of pipeline demolition, the internal medium and its direction should be found out first, and corresponding safety and fire prevention measures should be formulated.
E when hot work is carried out on the equipment for producing, using and storing oxygen, the oxygen content shall not exceed 21%.
in the weather above category 5 wind (including category 5 wind), open-air hot work is prohibited in principle. When hot work is really necessary due to production needs, hot work should be upgraded and managed.
G fire prevention and isolation measures should be taken when hot work is carried out in cooling towers, degassing towers and washing towers with combustible components.
H during hot work, all kinds of combustible gases shall not be discharged within 3 m from the hot work point; All kinds of flammable liquids shall not be discharged within 15 m from the hot work point; Combustible solvent cleaning or painting shall not be carried out within 1 m of the hot spot and below the hot spot at the same time.
I before hot work, check the intrinsic safety of hot work instruments such as electric welding, gas welding and hand-held electric tools to ensure safety and reliability.
J when gas welding and gas cutting are used for hot work, acetylene bottles should be placed upright; The distance between oxygen cylinder and acetylene cylinder should not be less than 5 m, and the distance between oxygen cylinder and acetylene cylinder should not be less than 1 m, and they should not be exposed in the hot sun.
K after hot work, the hot work person, the fire supervisor and the personnel involved in hot work should clean up the site, and the fire supervisor can only leave after confirming that there is no residual fire.
4, hot work analysis qualified judgment
When the lower explosion limit of the measured gas or vapor is greater than or equal to 4%, its measured concentration should be no greater than .5% (volume percentage); When the lower explosion limit of the gas or vapor to be measured is less than 4%, its measured concentration should be no more than .2% (volume percentage).
Safety specification for hoisting operation
1. Definition of hoisting operation:
The operation process of hoisting equipment, workpieces, appliances, materials, etc. by various hoisting machines and tools in the process of inspection and maintenance, so that their positions change.
classification of hoisting operation:
hoisting operation is divided into three levels according to the mass of hoisting heavy objects: a) the mass of hoisting heavy objects in the first-level hoisting operation is more than 1t；; B) The mass of the lifting weight in the secondary lifting operation is greater than or equal to 4t and less than or equal to 1t；; C) The weight of the lifting weight in the three-stage lifting operation is less than 4t
What contents does the safety inspection before lifting operation include?
before hoisting operation, the following items shall be checked for safety:
a relevant departments shall confirm the qualifications of personnel engaged in command and operation.
b relevant departments conduct research and discussion on safety matters and confirm the implementation of safety measures.
c relevant personnel of the hoisting operation unit shall conduct safety inspection and confirmation on hoisting machinery and slings to ensure that they are in good condition.
d when the lifting unit uses the automobile lifting machinery, it is necessary to confirm that the automobile fire protection cover is installed.
e relevant personnel of the hoisting operation unit shall check the safety conditions in the hoisting area (including the designation, identification and obstacles of the hoisting area). Security warning signs should be set up in the warning area and the hoisting site, and special personnel should be assigned for supervision. Non-operating personnel are not allowed to enter.
f relevant personnel of the hoisting operation unit shall verify the weather conditions at the construction site. When outdoor operations encounter heavy snow, heavy rain, fog and strong winds of magnitude 6 or above, lifting operations should not be arranged.
Safety specification for work at heights:
Definition of work at heights:
Work at heights that are 2m or above the reference plane of falling height and are likely to fall is called work at heights.
what are the levels of work at heights?
the work at heights can be divided into level 1, level 2, level 3 and super high-level work.
when the working height is 2m ≤ h < 5m, it is called first-class high-altitude operation.
when the working height is 5m ≤ h < 15m, it is called Grade II.