Notes on plateau tourism: The plateau area has low air pressure, low air density, and oxygen content 25% to 30% lower than in the inland plains. The sunshine is strong, and the annual average sunshine can reach 3,000 hours. Winter is long and cold, there is no midsummer. When working, living and traveling on the plateau, you should pay attention to several issues: 1. Wear loose, warm clothing when traveling. 2. Due to the strong sunshine in plateau areas, it is best for people to wear sunglasses, sun hats and sunscreen to prevent ultraviolet rays from burning the skin. 3. When you arrive on the plateau in the early Tang Dynasty, don’t eat too much. You can eat more vegetables, fruits and water. You can drink enough water before morning exercise. It's best not to smoke or drink alcohol. 4. In addition, when resting at night, open the windows to maintain air circulation. What to do if you have severe altitude sickness? Areas above 3,000 meters above sea level are called plateau areas. It is characterized by low air pressure and low oxygen concentration in the air, which can easily lead to hypoxia in the human body, thus causing altitude sickness. Common symptoms of altitude sickness are vomiting, tinnitus, headache, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, fever and drowsiness. Severe cases may cause sluggishness, mood swings, hyperactivity, memory loss, abnormal hearing, vision, smell, taste, hallucinations, etc. Edema, shock, or cramps may also occur. 1. For patients with altitude sickness, oxygen supply and altitude reduction are the most effective first aid treatments. If there is shock, priority should be given to paying attention to complications such as hypothermia. 2. The patient should be moved to a windless place and placed in bed immediately. Keep warm to prevent upper respiratory tract infection and prohibit drinking a lot of water. 3. If the pain is severe, you can take analgesics to relieve the pain. If you can still adapt, you need to lower the height until the patient feels comfortable or the symptoms are significantly relieved. Generally speaking, patients with altitude sickness can be cured after descending to the ground. Even so, severely ill patients still need to be sent to hospital for treatment. What to do if hypoglycemia occurs? 1. Whether you are traveling or sightseeing, put a few candies in your pocket, chocolate and fruit candies are better. Eat breakfast on time. Once you feel flustered and hungry before lunch because you don't skip breakfast or eat too little breakfast, eat a few sweets immediately, and you will return to normal in about 10 to 15 minutes. 2. If possible, you can drink a glass of concentrated sugar water immediately. If you don't take any candy with you on the trip, you can drink some sugary drinks or eat some other food, and you'll be back to normal, just a little slower. 3. If your travel companion suffers from hypoglycemia and suddenly faints on the ground, he should lie on his back to rest immediately, unbutton his clothes and belt, and let him take some concentrated sugar water, sweet drinks, juice, etc. It usually resolves quickly. If the above measures can make the symptoms of hypoglycemia disappear, you should consider other diseases and send them to a local hospital for diagnosis and treatment without hesitation. What should I do if my legs and feet are swollen? When you first arrive at the plateau, due to the high altitude and tight schedule, your legs and feet may become swollen. Don't panic at this point. The following methods can appropriately reduce or relieve swelling: 1. Arrange your travel time and route properly, don't go too fast, take a break after visiting a scenic spot, and pay attention to the balance between work and rest. 2. Pay attention to changes in posture along the way. After standing and walking for a while, sit or lie down for a while and raise your legs. When riding for a long time, you should raise your legs to facilitate the return of venous blood from the legs and feet. 3. When traveling for a long time, it is best to wear tight leggings, or wrap a few circles of wide cloth tape around the calf and fix it with pins. 4. After traveling every day, scald your feet with hot water to dilate the blood vessels in your feet and facilitate blood return. What should you do if your car breaks down on the plateau under special circumstances? 1. If my car encounters an accident such as breaking down on the plateau, I must promptly report it to the relevant departments through mobile phones, maritime satellite phones and other communication means. If I don't have a signal on my cell phone, or don't carry another means of communication, I should actively expect an oncoming vehicle to warn me. If I wave and ask the vehicle behind me

3. While waiting for rescue, the trapped person should maintain air circulation in the car and move his limbs every once in a while, such as moving his toes, turning his wrists, stretching his shoulders and neck to promote blood circulation. 4. Don't turn on the radio or car lights frequently to save battery power. If the climate in the area is cold, it is recommended to start the engine heater for about 10 minutes every hour. This not only saves fuel, but more importantly, if the engine startup time is too long, the danger of exhaust gas pouring into the car is greater. At the same time, an overly warm environment can also make people who have just traveled to the plateau feel sleepy, and some people may suffer from altitude sickness. Symptoms include headache, dizziness, chest tightness, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, nausea and vomiting, cyanosis of the lips, insomnia, dreaminess, and possibly increased blood pressure. These symptoms are more obvious in the first two days, and then gradually reduce or disappear.

However, due to fatigue, wind chill and upper respiratory tract infection, a small number of people's symptoms gradually worsen and develop high altitude pulmonary edema or high altitude cerebral edema. So, how to reduce altitude sickness during travel and how to prevent the occurrence of altitude sickness? The suggestions are as follows: 1. Patients with heart, lung, brain, and blood system diseases should not enter the plateau. People who are usually in good physical condition will have relatively mild altitude sickness after entering the plateau. But before entering the plateau, it is best to stop smoking and drinking, prevent upper respiratory tract infections, prevent overexertion, and take necessary first aid drugs. Second, you must have good psychological quality and stay optimistic. Otherwise, excessive worry, anxiety and poor sleep will increase the oxygen consumption of brain tissue and cause or aggravate altitude sickness. Third, altitude sickness can generally be cured on its own. If the symptoms are severe, symptomatic treatment can be given. For example, oxygen inhalation, pain relief, oral analgesics and diazepam, Tibetan medicine Rhodiola rosea gt; oral liquid can relieve altitude sickness. Patients with rare high-altitude pulmonary edema and high-altitude cerebral edema require a large amount of oxygen. They are quickly transferred to low-altitude areas for drug treatment, and the treatment effect is better. Fourth, the plateau climate is changeable, especially with low temperatures in the morning and evening. Generally, the temperature drops by 6 degrees Celsius for every 1,000 meters above sea level. Be sure to keep warm after entering Tibet. Even in summer, mainlanders must prepare sweaters, thermal underwear, etc. The temperature is low in winter, so pay more attention to cold and frost protection. The sunshine on the plateau is strong, so you should wear sunglasses and a sun hat outdoors to prevent ultraviolet rays from harming your skin. If you want to explore or climb mountains, you must conduct phased adaptation exercises in a planned manner and do not venture into areas above 5,000 meters above sea level to prevent accidents. 5. The diet should be high-calorie and easily digestible. Do not overeat, especially at dinner, to avoid increasing the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, putting pressure on the heart and lungs, and causing chest tightness and palpitations. You can sleep in a semi-recumbent position to reduce the burden on your heart and lungs. Credit card: Daocheng now has a universal bank: the Agricultural Bank of China Golden Harvest Debit Card; and the postal green card. However, it needs to be noted that Daocheng is different from the business outside. There is no ATM, and it is closed during festivals such as the Spring Festival. Therefore, tourists traveling to Daocheng during holidays must prepare cash in advance. Power supply: The power supply along the line is insufficient, and the hotel air conditioner is switched on and off regularly. There are currently no power lines laid in Aden, but there are generators at Longlongba and Luorong Niuchang campsites, and lights can still be felt at night. Self-driving: Since the plateau area is sparsely populated, self-driving tourists should fill up their gas tank in every county as much as possible to avoid embarrassment on the way. Wear snow chains when driving in winter, don't drive fast on icy and snowy roads, and put safety first. It’s best not to drive at night! Horseback riding: Horseback riding in scenic spots takes a long time. You must choose suitable horses and saddles, pay attention to safety, and follow the guidance of service personnel. Carry documents and documents with you: ID card or passport, border defense permit (to go to Mount Everest). Please apply for the border defense permit locally. A large backpack and a small backpack: s

Sun protection: Because the sun is strong, you need to wear sunglasses, a sun hat, and sunscreen when going out. Girls should wear high sun protection. Medicine: Due to lack of oxygen and low air pressure, boiling water often cannot be boiled thoroughly. I'll have diarrhea when I first arrive. You need to prepare laxatives such as berberine and so on. Also bring heat-clearing drinks, such as chrysanthemum tea, summer mulberry, American ginseng granules, etc. Vitamin C can strengthen the body and lip balm can prevent dry lips. Since altitude sickness is often accompanied by severe headaches, please prepare painkillers such as betrayal, painkillers, and headache powder. High-calorie foods such as chocolate, anti-hypoxic drugs such as rhodiola, glucose, etc. Climate characteristics: The reasons for the Qinghai-Tibet High are high terrain, cold and lack of oxygen, long winters without summers, and continuous spring and autumn; strong solar radiation, long sunshine hours; low rainfall and Dry; climate characteristics with large temperature difference between day and night. The best time to travel is from May to October every year, with August and September being the golden seasons for travel and a summer resort with a mild and pleasant climate. Due to the above climate reasons, please note when choosing to travel to Qinghai-Tibet: (1) Be sure to choose warm clothes, and it is best to prepare sunglasses, sun hats and other sunscreen skin care products to avoid being harmed by ultraviolet rays. (2) Regularly prepared medicines: Please bring your own common cold medicine and gastrointestinal medicine; because the air is dry, please prepare throat medicine and sugar. The remote and mysterious Tibet is located in the southwest of China. Its unique customs attract more and more people to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. So what? What is Tibet’s climate, customs and customs like? What health care issues should we pay attention to when traveling? Let's hear what the doctors who have been supporting Tibet for more than ten years have to say. Areas above 3,000 meters above sea level are called plateau areas. Tibet's average altitude is over 4,000 meters, which is characterized by low air pressure and low oxygen partial pressure, which can easily lead to hypoxia in the human body. If precautions are not taken properly, it will cause discomfort at high altitudes.

Including acute mountain sickness, high altitude pulmonary edema, high altitude coma, chronic altitude sickness, high altitude heart disease, high altitude hypertension, high altitude hypotension and high altitude polycythemia. People who enter the plateau for the first time or re-enter the plateau for a long time should pay attention to the following issues. First, people entering the plateau must undergo strict and comprehensive physical examinations. Anyone with obvious heart, liver, lung, kidney and other visceral and organic diseases, as well as those with stage three or higher hypertension, should not enter Tibet. Second, people over 40 years old, overweight or in poor health should not go. Obesity will aggravate plateau hypoxia and easily stimulate plateau heart disease. Third, if you have a severe cold, it is best to recover in a plain area before entering Tibet. Otherwise it will aggravate altitude sickness and even induce pulmonary edema. Fourth, for those who are going to the plateau for the first time, it is best to go to Tibet in summer and autumn, because this can greatly reduce altitude sickness, and the cold in winter will aggravate the body's hypoxia. It’s best to go to Tibet by car and get used to it slowly. 5. After just arriving at the plateau or after entering the plateau intermittently, although you should avoid strenuous exercise and activities, run less and jump less, you should still take appropriate bed rest in the first few days. 6. The alpine climate is cool in the morning and evening, and it is very hot even at noon in summer, so keeping warm is very important. Wear woolen trousers and cotton-padded clothes in autumn, and fur coats and leather boots in winter to prevent colds and upper respiratory tract infections. 7. People who are new to the plateau should eat more rice. Especially sweet porridge with added sugar can suppress nausea and vomiting. Supplying acidic drinks can help correct alkalosis and replenish energy and fluids. Because the climate is dry and the body is in urgent need of water, you can often drink some tea or fruit juice drinks. Take 1-2 sips each time and drink more times. Camellia oleifera can effectively resist the harsh climate of high mountains. You should also eat more foods rich in vitamins, proteins and high-calorie energy, such as vegetables, fruits, lean meats, chocolate candies, etc. 8. Tourists should also prepare sunglasses to prevent wind, sand and sunlight. Direct sunlight on the plateau and strong ultraviolet rays will cause different deg

Medical staff must also be healthy. Scientists call altitudes above 3,000 meters a plateau. Because when the altitude reaches this height, its climate characteristics (such as low oxygen pressure, hypoxia, high radiation, high cold) are obviously different from those of the plains. In such an environment, people have to make a series of physical adjustments to adapt. Therefore, people who first enter the plateau or even live on the plateau must prevent the occurrence of acute altitude sickness in many aspects when returning from the plains to the plateau. 1. People with the following diseases should not enter the plateau. If you have never been to a plateau, you must undergo a strict physical examination before entering the plateau. If you find that you have obvious lesions in your heart, lungs, brain, liver, or kidneys, or are severely anemic or have high blood pressure, please do not blindly enter the plateau. If it is just a general illness, you must take necessary preventive measures in advance, such as carrying oxygen with you. two. Things to note after reaching the plateau. When arriving at the plateau for the first time, everyone will feel symptoms of hypoxia such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing to varying degrees. But just because it doesn't, doesn't mean you can. I am not used to the plateau. If you can protect yourself correctly, the above symptoms will generally improve or disappear after 5-7 days. Oxygen is often advocated to relieve discomfort. Of course, oxygen inhalation can temporarily relieve chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea and other symptoms, but after stopping oxygen inhalation. This delays the time to adapt to the plateau. We maintain that if the above symptoms are not severe, especially at rest, you are better off not taking oxygen. This will allow you to quickly adapt to the plateau environment. Just entering the plateau, don't overeat, so as not to increase the burden on the digestive organs, so that they can adapt well to this environment. It is best not to drink alcohol or smoke. Eat more vegetables, fruits and other vitamins, but you must also note that if you enter a plateau, the above symptoms will become more and more serious, especially when resting. You should take oxygen immediately and go to the hospital for treatment. Prevent adverse consequences caused by acute high altitude pulmonary edema. When you first arrive at the plateau, it is not advisable to walk fast, run or do physical labor. After a week of rest, you can gradually increase the amount of labor. This is the theoretical basis for going to work after a week from plains to plateaus. When you first arrive at the plateau, beware of colds caused by colds. It is one of the main causes of acute high altitude pulmonary edema caused by colds. Everyone longs to climb up into a Range Rover, and it’s never too cold up there. For those who like to climb to high places, they must be prepared in advance before going to the plateau. First, mountain reactions are not obvious to most people. A few people suffer from altitude sickness above 3,000 meters, and develop altitude sickness 6-12 hours after entering the mountain. A few people develop symptoms in 1-3 days, and usually return to normal in 3-7 days. Appropriate exercise should be combined with symptomatic treatment. 1. Appropriate oxygen inhalation is effective for dyspnea and chest tightness caused by altitude sickness. 2. Take painkillers to relieve headaches. 3. Take gastrointestinal medicine to treat loss of appetite. 4. For insomnia, diazepam should be used. When you first arrive in a high mountain area, you should actively adapt and reduce physical exertion.

Also pay attention to strengthening nutrition. When you have a bad appetite, you should eat more meals and drink more liquid foods throughout the day, such as milk, juice, etc. 2. High-altitude pulmonary edema Pulmonary edema is a common disease in high mountains. The disease occurs at an altitude of 2250-4000 meters. 1. If you have a bad cough, don't. Don't lie down when you have trouble breathing. 2. When the lips and forehead are bruised, they should be moved to a lower altitude area in time. 3. After the onset of illness, rest in bed and keep warm. Third, to prevent and treat frostbite, you must be well equipped and keep your clothes dry and soft. As you march, keep wiping your hands and face, and don't just sit on the ground and rest. 1. After frostbite, rapid warming is required to reduce the damage to tissues caused by frostbite. 2. After mild frostbite occurs, topical drugs should be applied promptly to facilitate early recovery. 4. The occurrence of snow blindness Snow blindness is like sand in the eyes, eyes are red, blown by the wind, and shed tears. On the plateau, wear glasses when there is snow. Snow blindness will affect rock climbing experts

Tibet is an integral part of China’s territory. Since the Yuan Dynasty, the central government has exercised effective jurisdiction over Tibet. Tibet was known as Tubo during the Tang and Song Dynasties.