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At present, the real mechanism of cramp is still unclear. Most research results show that muscle cramp is caused by the decrease of nerve or neuromuscular stress threshold, which makes the nerve action frequency of muscle suddenly increase and causes muscle tension contraction. The following conditions are more likely to cause cramps:
1. When muscle fatigue is caused by long-term exercise, continue to exercise.
2. Poor local circulation.
3. Excessive water and salt loss.
4. Severe diarrhea, vomiting and insufficient minerals (such as magnesium and calcium) in the diet.
5. The ambient temperature changes suddenly.
6. Slight tearing of muscles or tendons.
7. Emotional stress.
8. Exercise in an inappropriate posture or poor muscle coordination.
9. Some reasons that have not been discovered or determined.
10. The incidence of some chronic diseases and cramps in pregnant women will also increase, so be careful.
Ways to prevent cramps:
1. Don't do long or strenuous exercise in a poorly ventilated or closed space.
2. Enough water and electrolyte should be added before, during and after long-term exercise.
3. Get enough minerals (such as calcium and magnesium) and electrolytes (such as potassium and sodium) in your daily diet. Minerals can be taken from milk, yogurt, green leafy vegetables and other foods, and electrolytes can be obtained from bananas, oranges, celery, natural foods or some low-sugar drinks.
4. Don't wear too tight or heavy clothes when you are exercising or working.
5. Check whether the protective stickers, jackets, shoes and socks are too tight before exercise.
6. Make full exercise preparation and stretching exercises before exercise.
7. Keep warm properly after exercise in cold weather. If you swim, put on your bathing suit and warm clothes immediately.
8. Engage in sports or work in a relaxed mood.
9. People who are prone to cramps when sleeping at night need to do some stretching exercises before going to bed, that is, stretching the cramping parts.
10. Don't exercise excessively.
1 1. Massage the cramped muscles properly before exercise.
In the treatment of cramps, it can be divided into two parts, one is acute treatment, the other is radical treatment. In the acute phase, that is, when cramps occur, patients need to rest immediately, gently massage the cramps and gently lengthen the muscles in the cramps, because when you lengthen the muscles, the tension of the tendons will increase. When the tension reaches a certain intensity, the nerve will transmit the impulse to the brain, and the brain will release information to relax the cramped muscles to avoid tendon injury. Don't overstretch your muscles, so as to avoid strain and secondary injury. Short-term muscle cramps can be treated in back in the game, but the possibility of recurrence is still high.
If the muscle cramp lasts for a long time, it can be relieved by hot or cold compress, or it is also effective to spray or rub some drugs or ointments that relax muscles and relieve pain locally. In case of cramp again, it is necessary to consider whether the muscles are overtired or dehydrated. The former must stop exercising and rest, while the latter needs to replenish water and electrolyte.
People who suffer from cramps should first know their own medical history, such as eating habits, the stress caused by daily exercise (work), the location of cramps, the weather conditions when cramps occur, and so on. Wrestling, cycling or fencing athletes may have different causes of cramps, so the types of sports they often engage in are also items that must be understood to find out the causes of cramps. After synthesizing all the knowledge, we can find out the causes of cramps and make preventive improvements for these reasons, so as to solve the problem of cramps. If you have frequent cramps and can't find the cause, you should handle them carefully and see a doctor for a thorough examination, because cramps may be the symptoms of some vascular diseases, diabetes or nervous system diseases.
Causes of cramps (muscle spasms)
1. Lack or imbalance of electrolytes in the body:
Normal diet or vomiting, diarrhea and taking diuretics will cause the loss of minerals such as sodium, magnesium, calcium and potassium in the body and affect the state of muscle contraction. There are also exercises in hot weather, excessive sweating leads to water shortage in the body, and there are also cases where electrolyte imbalance in the body leads to cramps.
Two. Muscle or tendon injury, plus excessive or inappropriate exercise:
This is the problem of muscle itself, such as insufficient muscle strength and softness, engaging in too intense exercise, or the average athlete being hit by too much force in sports, etc. All these will cause laceration inside the tendon, leading to spasmodic contraction of the muscle (cramp) and avoiding further injury.
3. Poor muscle blood circulation:
If the blood circulation of muscles is blocked, it will cause local hypoxia and accumulation of metabolic wastes, such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid, which will cause muscle pain, stiffness or cramps. Ordinary exercise lasts too long, muscles are always contracting, or shoes, socks and clothes are too tight, so use elastic tight protectors and exercise bundles.
Too tight is the cause of cramps.
4. Mental state (excessive tension or poor muscle coordination):
During the competition, the mood is too tense, the muscles are not relaxed, and they are in a stiff state, and the coordination of muscles is reduced, which is easy to stimulate and involve reflex, which makes muscles cramp.
Influence of verb (abbreviation of verb) on ambient temperature;
If the outside temperature is too high, it is easy to sweat. If there is no real-time water supplement, it is easy to cause dehydration and cramps, and suddenly exposing muscles to an environment with too high or too low temperature (excessive local temperature change) will also cause muscle fibers to contract and cause cramps.
Other unknown reasons for intransitive verbs:
In addition to the above reasons, there are some muscle cramps that cannot be explained normally, or there are no signs to follow at all. The most correct first aid principle is to rest immediately, apply uniform pressure to the local muscles, and then slowly and continuously stretch the muscles to relax them.
The key to prevent muscle cramps is to start with possible causes. Don't be too tired, add salt properly, do warm-up exercises and stretching exercises first, avoid wearing too tight clothes or coats, and relax, so that blood circulation can be smooth, limbs muscles can be well coordinated, and the chances of muscle cramps can be reduced.
1, cramp is a popular name, which is often used to indicate local cramps, such as hand cramps.
2, convulsions, convulsions are medical terms, mostly all or a large range, such as generalized convulsions or generalized convulsions.
3. For the same pathological reasons, they only have different usages in different aspects, such as beauty, beauty, beauty and so on. Their meanings are basically the same, but their emphasis or idioms are different.
Muscle spasm, commonly known as cramp, is an involuntary tense contraction of muscles. Common causes of muscle spasm:
Fatigue: When the body is tired, the normal physiological function of muscles will change. At this time, there will be a lot of lactic acid accumulation in muscles, which will constantly stimulate muscle spasms.
Electrolyte imbalance: excessive sweating during exercise will lead to a large loss of electrolyte. The main components of sweat are water and salt. Losing too much salt will stimulate muscles and lead to cramps.
Cold stimulation: in cold climate, such as swimming, when stimulated by cold water, especially when warm-up activities are insufficient, muscles are prone to spasm.
Cramp is a kind of severe and painful muscle contraction (spasm), which usually occurs suddenly and violently, but the duration is not long, only a few minutes. Muscle pain, hard and tense touch, muscle lump or muscle deformation can be seen by naked eyes. The common muscle is peroneal muscle.
Tic is a common symptom. Epilepsy is a common cause. Intracranial tumors, craniocerebral trauma, intracranial infection and brain parasites can all be caused.
First aid syncope, a common acute symptom, refers to sudden and short-term loss of consciousness. It is mainly caused by transient blood supply deficiency in the whole brain.
Such as fear, pain, orthostatic hypotension and other factors stimulate vagus nerve excitement; Heart disease affects blood supply and can also lead to; It will also cause insufficient blood supply to the vertebral artery and basilar artery of the brain.
Cramp refers to the sudden involuntary contraction of muscles, which can cause muscle stiffness and pain. But leg cramps are the most common experience for ordinary people.
According to a research report, one in seven people over the age of 45 has experienced leg cramps. As for the elderly over 65, as many as half of them have had the uncomfortable experience of leg cramps. Especially there are more women than men. Most leg cramps occur at night, while patients with peripheral vascular diseases and arthritis are more prone to leg cramps. 7% teenagers have experienced leg cramps in the past year, especially in the age range of 16 to 18.
The main causes of leg cramps are:
1. Poor local circulation, peripheral vascular disease or varicose veins of the foot.
2. The ambient temperature changes suddenly.
3. Emotional stress.
4.
5. The content of minerals (such as magnesium and calcium) in the diet is insufficient.
6. The incidence of some chronic diseases and cramps in pregnant women will also increase.
7.
8. Motor neuron disease, spinal radiculopathy or peripheral neuropathy.
9. Some antihypertensive drugs and hypolipidemic drugs may also cause leg cramps.
10. Unknown reason.
How to reduce the chance of leg cramps;
1. Pay attention to calcium supplementation: in adolescence, calcium will be relatively deficient, which is more likely to cause cramps.
2. People who are prone to cramps when sleeping at night should do stretching exercises in the cramped parts before going to bed.
3. Pay attention to the warmth of two calves when sleeping. You can put on more clothes to keep your hands and feet warm.
4. Excessive sagging of the foot plate (sagging to the sole of the foot) may lead to calf cramps. Avoid letting your feet droop excessively when sleeping.
5. It is reported in the literature that vitamin E can reduce the number of seizures, but there is no conclusion at present.
When the calf cramps, the cramped calf muscles can be straightened and rubbed, and the cramped pedal can be pulled up. And pay attention to keep the calf muscles warm after cramping.
In folk therapy, it is suggested to press acupoints with your fingers, or you can try.
Although the pain of leg cramp is very painful, it wakes people up in the middle of the night. The only thing that can be fortunate is that their lives will not be in danger.
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In the dead of winter, many middle-aged and elderly people often sleep until midnight, which is prone to leg cramps. What causes leg cramps? The causes of cramps are complicated, and the common ones are as follows:
First, arteriosclerosis. With the increase of age and arteriosclerosis, there will be obstacles in blood supply. Once the climate changes and the weather gets cold, this obstacle will become more prominent, so hands and feet will cramp. This is the main reason why middle-aged and elderly people have leg cramps at midnight.
2. Hyperlipidemia. Because of high blood fat, high blood viscosity and slow blood flow, it is easier to get leg cramps in the middle of the night.
3. Calcium deficiency. Calcium deficiency is also a common cause. Especially postmenopausal women. Once the body lacks calcium, not only middle-aged and elderly people, but also young people will cramp; Not only at night, but also during the day.
4. Heart disease. Especially people with cardiac insufficiency will aggravate hand and foot cramps. Because the muscle nutrition of the whole body depends on the blood supply of the heart, the heart function is not complete, and the blood supply will of course be worse.
The scientific name of cramp is "musclecramp", which refers to the sudden and involuntary tonic contraction of muscles, which will
Causing muscle stiffness and unbearable pain.
Sleep spasms include spasms in any static situation, such as sleeping or sitting still.
A cramp that occurs when you are not moving. This cramp often occurs in the gastrocnemius and some small muscles of the foot. This cramp is a little
It is precisely because of the voluntary activity of mental muscles that the patient's feet will move.
Heatstroke cramp (heat
Cramp), which is related to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance in the body. This kind of cramp most often occurs during exercise.
Members of the body, especially in hot weather, are most prone to exercise. The typical heatstroke spasm is working in a hot environment.
It will happen in an hour or two; Heatstroke spasm may even occur within 18 hours after the activity, or it may occur in
Muscles have been abnormal for several days. Heatstroke spasms are more common in the large muscles of the palms, arms and legs, and sometimes appear in some female sprinters.
There will also be heatstroke cramps on the abdominal wall.
The real mechanism of cramp is not clear at present, and most research results believe that muscle cramp is caused by nerves or
The decrease of neuromuscular stress threshold makes the frequency of neuromuscular action suddenly increase, leading to muscle tension contraction. What is the following?
This situation is more likely to cause cramps:
1. When muscle fatigue is caused by long-term exercise, continue to exercise.
2. Poor local circulation.
3. Excessive water and salt loss.
4. Severe diarrhea, vomiting and insufficient minerals (such as magnesium and calcium) in the diet.
5. The ambient temperature changes suddenly.
6. Slight tearing of muscles or tendons.
7. Emotional stress.
8. Exercise in an inappropriate posture or poor muscle coordination.
9. Some reasons that have not been discovered or determined.
10. The incidence of some chronic diseases and cramps in pregnant women will also increase, so be careful.
Ways to prevent cramps:
1. Don't do long or strenuous exercise in a poorly ventilated or closed space.
2. Enough water and electrolyte should be added before, during and after long-term exercise.
3. Get enough minerals (such as calcium and magnesium) and electrolytes (such as potassium and sodium) in your daily diet. Mineral intake
Can be ingested from milk, yogurt, green leafy vegetables and other foods, and the electrolyte can be selected from bananas, oranges, celery and natural foods.
Or some low-sugar drinks.
4. Don't wear too tight or heavy clothes when you are exercising or working.
5. Check whether the protective stickers, jackets, shoes and socks are too tight before exercise.
6. Make full exercise preparation and stretching exercises before exercise.
7. Keep warm properly after exercise in cold weather. If you swim, put on your bathing suit and warm clothes immediately.
8. Engage in sports or work in a relaxed mood.
9. People who are prone to cramps when sleeping at night need to do some stretching exercises before going to bed, that is, stretching the cramping parts.
10. Don't exercise excessively.
1 1. Massage the cramped muscles properly before exercise.
In the treatment of cramps, it can be divided into two parts, one is acute treatment, the other is radical treatment. acute
Period, that is, the treatment of cramps, patients need to rest immediately, gently massage the cramp area, and will cramp the area
Your muscles are slightly elongated, because when you lengthen your muscles, the tension of your tendons will increase. When the tension reaches a certain strength,
Nerves will send pulses to the brain, and the brain will release information to relax the cramped muscles in order to avoid tendon injury. Don't overstretch your muscles to avoid strain.
Muscle injury causes secondary injury. A brief muscle cramp can be treated with back in the game, but it may happen again.
Sex is still high.
If the muscle cramp lasts for a long time, you can use hot or cold compress to relieve the pain, or you can spray or rub it locally.
Some medicines or ointments that relax muscles and relieve pain are also very effective. If it is easy to cramp again, we should consider whether the muscles are excessive.
Fatigue, or dehydration, the former must stop activities and rest, the latter needs to replenish water and electrolytes.
People with cramps should first understand some of their own medical history, such as eating habits, daily exercise (work
) Measure the pressure you are under, the location of the cramp, and the weather conditions when the cramp occurs. Wrestling, free car or sword
The reasons for athletes' cramps may be completely different, which is true.
The type of exercise you are engaged in is also something you need to know to find out the cause of cramps. After synthesizing all the knowledge, find out the source of cramp.
Therefore, only by preventing and improving the causes can the problem of cramps be solved. If you often cramp and can't find the reason.
Then you should handle it carefully and see a doctor for a thorough examination, because cramps may be caused by some vascular diseases, diabetes or mental illness.
Symptoms of systemic diseases.