* * * Procurement methods include: open tender, invitation to tender, competitive negotiation, single-source procurement, inquiry and other procurement methods recognized by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department. Article 26 of the * * * Procurement Law of People's Republic of China (PRC): "* * Procurement adopts the following methods: (1) Public bidding; (2) Bidding; (3) Competitive negotiation; (4) Single source procurement; (5) asking; (six) other procurement methods identified by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department. Public bidding should be the main procurement method of * * *. Article 32 Procurement items with uniform specifications and standards, sufficient spot supply and little price change may be purchased by inquiry in accordance with this Law. Article 40 The procurement by inquiry shall follow the following procedures: (1) Set up an inquiry team. The inquiry team consists of representatives of the purchaser and relevant experts, with an odd number of more than three, of which the number of experts shall not be less than two thirds of the total number of members. The inquiry team shall stipulate the price composition of the purchased items and the criteria for evaluating the transaction. (two) to determine the list of suppliers to be inquired. According to the purchasing demand, the inquiry team determines at least three suppliers from the list of suppliers who meet the corresponding qualifications, and sends an inquiry notice to them for quotation. (3) ask. The inquiry team asked the inquired supplier to quote a price that cannot be changed at one time. (4) Determine the supplier of the transaction. The purchaser shall determine the clinched supplier according to the principles of meeting the purchase demand, equal quality and service, and lowest quotation, and notify all suppliers who have not clinched the deal after the query results.

2. Open tender

Public bidding should be the main way of * * * procurement. * * * Procurement projects that use fiscal funds should be included in the procurement management of * * *, and the "Bidding Law of People's Republic of China (PRC)" and the provincial regulations on the bidding management of construction projects shall apply. * * * Procurement public bidding activities shall follow the principles of openness, transparency, open competition, fairness and good faith. The purchaser or procurement agency shall organize the bid opening at the time and place specified in the tender documents. Generally, the following procedures are followed: (1) The bid opening will be presided over by the purchaser or agency. (2) When the deadline stipulated in the tender documents expires, the host announces that the deadline has passed, and all documents submitted in the future will not be accepted. (3), the host read out the discipline of the bid opening meeting (4), and on-site supervision should be carried out when opening bids. On-site supervisors shall be the supervisors of purchasers, procurement agencies or the dispatched personnel of * * * procurement supervision and management departments, supervision institutions and notarization institutions. Expert members of the bid evaluation committee do not attend the bid opening meeting. (5), the seal of the tender documents should be confirmed by the supervisor and unsealed in public, and sing the bid according to the contents stipulated in the tender documents. (6) The recorder of the bid opening meeting shall record the contents of singing the bid on the bid opening record and publicize them in public. If the contents in the bid opening record are inconsistent with the bidding documents, the bidder's representative shall put forward it on the spot. The bid opening record shall be signed and confirmed by the recorder, the bidder, the bidder's representative and relevant personnel.

3. Bidding

Goods or services that meet one of the following conditions can be purchased by inviting public bidding: (1) It is special and can only be purchased from a limited range of suppliers; (2) The cost of public bidding accounts for a large proportion of the total value of * * * procurement projects.

4. Competitive negotiation

Goods or services that meet one of the following conditions can be purchased by competitive negotiation: (1) After bidding, there is no supplier to bid, or there is no qualified target, or a new bidding cannot be established; (two) the technology is complex or special, and it is impossible to determine the detailed specifications or specific requirements; (3) The time required for bidding cannot meet the urgent needs of users; (4) The total price cannot be calculated in advance.

5. Single-source procurement

Goods or services that meet one of the following conditions can be purchased from a single source: (1) Only from a single supplier; (2) In case of unforeseen emergency, it is impossible to purchase from other suppliers; (3) It is necessary to ensure the consistency of the original purchased items or the requirements of the service package, and it is necessary to continue to purchase from the original suppliers. The total amount of additional funds shall not exceed 65,438+00% of the original contract purchase amount.

Step 6 investigate

The specifications and standards of purchased goods are unified, the spot supply is sufficient, and the price is favorable ... >>

Question 2: What are the specific procurement methods? China's * * * procurement law stipulates that China's * * * procurement methods are:

"open tender"

"Invitation to bid"

"competitive negotiation"

"single source procurement"

"inquiry"

"Other procurement methods identified by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department"

"Public bidding" should be the main procurement method of * * *.

1. According to the bidding scope

According to the scope of bidding, procurement methods can be divided into open bidding, selective bidding and restricted bidding. This is how the * * * procurement agreement of the World Trade Organization classifies the * * * procurement methods. The connotation of various bidding methods can be found in the fourth chapter of this book.

2. According to whether it has the nature of bidding.

According to the nature of bidding, procurement methods can be divided into two categories: bidding procurement and non-bidding procurement. The purchase amount is one of the important criteria for determining bidding procurement and non-bidding procurement. Generally speaking, procurement projects with a certain amount or more should adopt the bidding procurement method; Non-tendering procurement is adopted for procurement projects below a certain amount.

Non-bidding procurement refers to procurement methods other than bidding procurement. Procurement projects that reach a certain amount or more generally need bidding, but in some cases, such as emergency procurement or single procurement source, bidding is not the most economical and requires procurement methods other than bidding. In addition, a large number of procurement activities below the bidding limit also need to clarify the procurement methods. There are many non-bidding procurement methods, which are usually used: domestic or foreign inquiry procurement, single-source procurement, competitive negotiation procurement, self-operated projects and so on.

Single-source procurement refers to non-competitive procurement, which refers to the amount standard of competitive bidding procurement, but the source of goods purchased is single, or it is a special case such as patent, original system, contract addition and subsequent expansion of the original project. In this case, it can only be provided by one supplier.

Competitive negotiation procurement refers to a procurement method in which the procuring entity negotiates with multiple suppliers and finally determines the winning supplier. This method is suitable for the procurement in emergency or the procurement of products and services involving high-tech applications.

Self-operated engineering is a kind of procurement method adopted in civil engineering projects, which refers to the civil engineering undertaken directly by the local construction team without bidding or other procurement methods. There are strict preconditions for adopting the self-operated engineering method: first, it is impossible to determine the engineering quantity in advance; Second, the project is small and scattered, or the project site is far away, which makes the contractor bear too high mobilization cost; Third, the project must be completed without disturbing the ongoing operation; Fourth, no contractor is interested in the project; Fifth, if the project is inevitably interrupted. In this case, it is more appropriate for the risk to be borne by the procuring entity than by the contractor. Self-operated projects must be strictly controlled, otherwise there will be problems of regional protection.

3. According to the purchasing scale

According to the classification of procurement scale, the division divides procurement methods into small-scale procurement, bulk procurement and large-scale procurement.

Small purchase refers to the purchase of scattered items with low unit price and small quantity. The specific purchase method can be inquiry purchase or direct purchase in stores or factories.

Bulk purchase refers to the centralized purchase of small items, and its applicable conditions are as follows: the items below the single tender limit are purchased by a single unit, and the quantity is not large, but they are often needed by all units at the same level; Or the price of a single product is not high but the quantity is large. Specific procurement methods can be inquiry procurement, bidding procurement or negotiation procurement.

Large-value purchase refers to the purchase in which the single purchase amount reaches the bidding purchase standard. Applicable specific procurement methods include bidding procurement and negotiation procurement.

4. Classification by procurement method

Purchasing methods can be divided into traditional purchasing methods and modern purchasing methods according to the purchasing means used.

Traditional procurement method refers to a procurement method that relies on manpower to complete the whole procurement process, such as publishing procurement information through newspapers and magazines, and the procurement subject and suppliers directly participate in specific activities in all aspects of procurement.

Modern procurement means mainly relying on modern scientific and technological achievements to complete the procurement process, such as procurement card procurement, electronic procurement and so on. Purchasing cards are similar to credit cards, but different from credit cards, purchasing cards are uniformly issued to purchasing entities by the financial department, and purchasing personnel of purchasing entities only need to swipe their cards when paying after purchasing. Card collection records include payment time, payment items, payment unit price, total price and other information, which will be submitted to the financial department for filing and review. Purchasing cards are generally suitable for small purchases. Because this kind of procurement method does not need to sign a contract, for tens of thousands of small purchases every year ... >; & gt

Question 3: What are the * * * procurement methods, and what are the main * * * procurement methods? * * * There are several ways to purchase: (1) open tender; (2) Bidding; (3) Competitive negotiation; (4) Single source procurement; (5) inquiry purchase; (six) other procurement methods identified by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department. open tendering

Question 4: What are the procurement methods? Article 26 of the * * * Procurement Law of People's Republic of China (PRC): "* * * procurement adopts the following methods:

Open tender;

(2) Bidding;

(3) Competitive negotiation;

(4) Single source procurement;

(5) asking;

(six) other procurement methods identified by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department.

Public bidding should be the main procurement method of * * *.

Question 5: What are the main procurement methods? People's Republic of China (PRC) (China) Procurement Law.

Chapter III * * * Procurement Methods

Twenty-sixth * * * procurement adopts the following methods:

Open tender;

(2) Bidding;

(3) Competitive negotiation;

(4) Single source procurement;

(5) asking;

(six) other procurement methods identified by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department.

Public bidding should be the main procurement method of * * *.

Question 6: * * * What are the procurement methods? Open tender: This is the most important procurement method in China. Nanjing generally conducts public bidding for projects with a price of more than 500,000 yuan. Public bidding has very high requirements for enterprise bidding documents. After the bids are collected, they will be opened and publicly sung, and the quotations of all companies are public and cannot be changed. It should be publicized 20 days before the bidding, and 7 working days after the results come out, and accept social supervision. Competitive negotiation: This is the most used procurement method in foreign countries, which is flexible and fast. Enterprises can change the price and modify the tender on the spot according to the situation. Nanjing generally adopts this procurement method for procurement projects with a budget of less than 500,000 yuan, complicated technology, uncertain price and specifications and pressing procurement time. It only needs to be publicized 7 days before bidding. Tender: After the tender announcement is issued, enterprises are accepted to register, and a number of enterprises are randomly selected from qualified enterprises to participate in the tender. Because there is no clear standard for "random selection", it is easy to have "black-box operation", and Nanjing has never adopted this method. Single-source procurement: procurement method for special commodities or emergencies. For example, to upgrade office software, you can only find the original software manufacturer to upgrade. Some professional equipment, perhaps only the products of a certain enterprise can meet the demand. This is often the way to purchase urgently needed materials for disaster relief. Inquiry: for goods with uniform standard specifications, choose to buy at door-to-door price comparison.

Question 7: What are the main modes of * * * procurement? * * * There are generally three modes of procurement: centralized procurement mode, that is, a special procurement agency is responsible for all procurement tasks at the same level; Decentralized procurement mode, that is, each purchasing unit purchases by itself; Semi-centralized and semi-decentralized procurement mode, that is, some projects are purchased by specialized procurement agencies, while others are purchased by various units themselves. Centralized procurement occupies a large proportion in China's * * * procurement, and projects listed in the centralized procurement catalogue and reaching a certain purchase amount or above must be centralized procurement.

Question 8: * * * What are the procurement methods? There are several ways.

First, open tender.

Second, bidding.

III. Competitive Negotiation IV. Single-source procurement

A survey of verbs (abbreviation of verb)

Intransitive verb the State Council * * * Other procurement methods recognized by the procurement supervision and management department.

Among them, public bidding is the most important procurement method of * * *.

Question 9:* * * What are the procurement methods? According to Articles 27 to 32 of the * * * Procurement Law, * * * procurement generally adopts the following six methods: (1) Public bidding. Public bidding is the main procurement method of * * *. The purchaser purchases goods or services by public bidding, and the specific amount standard belongs to the central budget procurement project according to the principle of hierarchical management, which is stipulated by the State Council; * * * Procurement items belonging to local budgets shall be stipulated by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government; If it is necessary to adopt procurement methods other than public bidding due to special circumstances, it shall be approved by the procurement supervision and administration department of the people's government at or above the city or autonomous prefecture with districts before the start of procurement activities. (2) Inviting tenders. Purchasing goods or services by inviting tenders should meet one of the following two conditions: first, it is special, in other words, the purchased goods or services can only be purchased from a limited range of suppliers; Second, the cost of public bidding accounts for a large proportion of the total value of * * * procurement projects. (3) Competitive negotiation. According to the procurement law of * * *, competitive negotiation for * * * procurement shall meet one of the following four conditions: 1. After bidding, there is no supplier to bid, or there is no qualified target, or re-bidding fails; 2, complex technology or special nature, can not determine the detailed specifications or specific requirements; 3. The time required for bidding cannot meet the urgent needs of users; 4. The total price cannot be calculated in advance. (4) Single source procurement; Single-source procurement should meet one of the following conditions: 1, and can only be purchased from a single supplier; 2. Unable to purchase from other suppliers due to unforeseen emergencies; 3. If it is necessary to ensure the consistency of the original procurement items or supporting services, and it is necessary to continue to purchase from the original supplier, the total amount of additional funds shall not exceed 10% of the original contract purchase amount. (5) asking; Inquiry, as its name implies, is to ask suppliers about the price of * * * procurement, which is generally applicable to * * * procurement projects with uniform specifications and standards, sufficient spot supply and little price change. (six) other procurement methods identified by the State Council * * * procurement supervision and management department.