Common methods of loans

First, scholarships, interest-free student loans, etc. There are many online platforms now, which are the platforms on which online loans are based. Many platforms did not know where they obtained the personal information of many students, so they used telephone marketing to inform them that they could get interest-free loans to use for scholarships and living expenses during college. If you agree, you will need to provide your ID card, student information, etc. You thought you got a loan without paying interest, but in fact, using your information, the other party has already applied for a loan for you on the platform. The money has arrived, but high interest will continue to accrue.

Second, celebrity effect. There have been problems with many celebrity-endorsed lending apps before, which also reflects that it is a common tactic to use celebrity influence on online lending platforms. By signing celebrity spokespersons and attracting investors, at least there is an illusion that the platform is very reliable. And there are overwhelming nationwide advertisements, with celebrities and famous companies as endorsers. For users, this is a sign that the product is useful. In fact, there are countless traps and crises behind lending platforms. Even if the celebrity effect can play a temporary role, problems will be exposed over time.

Third, the temptation of high interest and the temptation of no interest. Many online loan platforms operate on a p2p model. The biggest temptation for investors is the high profitability of the product, and then the platform pockets the money. Investors think they have always had high returns, but in fact they have fallen into a trap. In the end, not only will you lose all your money, but you may also get into even greater trouble. For users, lending platforms try their best to attract you to borrow money, no interest at the beginning, no interest in subsequent installments, etc. They all attract you into his trap. Once you start borrowing money, there is no real interest-free.

In general, online loans have become common in recent years. How to avoid stepping on the trap? The best way is to stay away from online lending, let alone blindly believe in low-investment high-return, free borrowing and other highly tempting things.

What are the ways to defraud loans with fake mortgages? How do real estate companies defraud loans with fake mortgages?

House companies defraud loans in disguise, which has attracted great attention from the government and society. It used to be a very common unspoken rule in the real estate circle for companies to fake mortgage loans. What is fake mortgage fraud? How are fake mortgages and fraudulent loans realized?

Real estate companies cheat on loans in disguise, which has attracted great attention from the government and society. It used to be a very common unspoken rule in the real estate circle for companies to fake mortgage loans. What is fake mortgage fraud? How is fake mortgage fraud accomplished?

Types of fake mortgage fraud

There are two main types of “fake mortgages”.

The first type is that developers find their own company employees, shareholders, relatives and friends to pretend to be home buyers, and fill in legal documents such as pre-sale contracts, home purchase contracts, loan contracts, mortgage contracts, etc., and these people and Banks sign personal housing loan contracts, obtain loans, and walk away once they make a profit.

The other type is that developers forge borrowers’ signatures and apply for loans from banks with fake procedures. If the developer fails to repay the loan on time and the "signed" borrower claims that the contract is invalid on the grounds that he did not actually purchase the house, bank loans will face great risks.

How can fake mortgage fraud be realized?

The history of fake mortgage fraud is as long as the history of real estate development in China. However, the market was booming in the past. It often appeared as a "white wolf" game, a kind of leverage to leverage capital. , and did not appear to be fraudulent loans; however, behind the current series of check-outs, the shady story of fraudulent loans in the real estate market is gradually being revealed. According to surveys, loan fraud has gradually become one of the most harmful and most frequent risks in personal housing loans from commercial banks.

Step 1: The developer borrows the ID card of a related person to apply for a mortgage loan

The developer finds its own employees or some related persons to act as false home buyers, and then borrows their ID cards to apply for the mortgage loan Mortgage Loans. The developer will promise them in advance that the down payment and monthly payment will be provided by the developer, and will give them a "favorable fee" of several thousand yuan.

Step 2: Forge proof of income and contact a lawyer to confirm their repayment ability

The developer forged proof of income of these people, contacted a relevant lawyer to issue a legal opinion, proving that these people have Ability to repay.

Step 3: Use false loan materials to contact the bank to obtain a loan

The developer will submit the loan materials to the bank. There are employees in the bank who have been contacted by the Lianbi developer in advance. They are responsible for these A superficial review of the information submitted by the developer helps the developer easily obtain 80% of the loan because the developer will give them "benefits."

Step 4: After obtaining the loan, make a profit in two ways

After developers obtain the loan, they usually adopt two methods.

One way is to sell second-hand houses. Developers use the illusion of hot sales to attract real buyers to buy second-hand houses, and will increase housing prices appropriately based on the illusion of hot sales, so developers can make money again when selling second-hand houses.

Another situation is that after the developer obtains 80% of the loan, it is not ready to continue paying the monthly repayments and waits for the bank to apply for auction. Then make a profit by arranging a formal auction.

For example, in a building with 100 units, each unit is worth 500,000. If the house is still in the hands of the developer through internal subscription, the developer can get 50X70%=350,000 from the bank. The developer only needs I took out 50,000 yuan, and the annual mortgage payment was more than 10,000 yuan. I paid it back slowly, which is enough for 4 years. But the developer can hold 300,000 X 50 = 15 million in cash. And the cash is enough for them to advance various costs and even roll over into the construction of the next building.

Beijing’s largest fake mortgage fraud case of defrauding banks of 1.55 billion yuan in loans: Senhao Apartment Case

In early 2005, it was revealed that real estate developers and bank employees jointly created fake mortgages in the Beijing Senhao Apartment project. After defrauding bank mortgage funds of 750 million yuan, more than 10 people were arrested for this. In September 2007, three bank loan officers involved were sentenced for dereliction of duty by state-owned enterprise personnel.

In the 1.55 billion yuan case, the fact that Zou Qing and others fabricated the sales facts of Senhao Apartment and Huaqing Apartment and defrauded bank loans has attracted widespread attention.

Fabricated the sales facts of Senhao Apartments and Huaqing Apartments developed by the company, signed false commercial housing sales contracts with house buyers, forged income certificates, down payment certificates and other loan materials for the house buyers, and used the house purchase By signing a personal mortgage loan inspection contract with the Beijing Branch of the Bank of China in his own name to apply for a mortgage loan, he defrauded the Beijing Branch of the Bank of China of 644 million yuan and 107 million yuan twice.

A lawyer told reporters that the "karate" technique of developers, banks, lawyers, and fake home buyers colluded to defraud housing loans, which has been widely used in the real estate industry: developers have artificially raised housing prices. , and then used employees of the unit and other related parties to pretend to be customers as home buyers, and obtained high-value bank loans through false sales. Developers use the inflated housing prices as the benchmark ratio for mortgages and pocket cash that is higher than the actual housing prices.

The scheme used by developers and others to defraud loans is divided into the following three steps: In the first step, Huayunda Company invented non-existent home buyers and created false sales facts. Everything from the identity of the home buyer, the sales contract, to the proof of down payment and proof of income are all fake. In the second step, two law firms issued seriously inaccurate legal opinions proving that the loan applicant had the ability to repay the principal and interest of the loan. In the third step, the "insider" of the bank with real power responded internally, and there was no obstacle to loan approval, and the fraudulent loan was successfully implemented

Relying on the good relationship accumulated with the bank, Zou Qing designed a thrilling plan jump. Senhao Apartment, which had been under construction for two years, suddenly opened to the public with a high profile, and once set a sales record at the time. Soon, Senhao Apartment was announced to be sold out.

But the truth behind the sold-out property is that through a series of operations, Zou Qing mobilized more than 200 people to falsely purchase houses, and obtained a total of 645 million yuan in mortgage loans from Bank of China Beijing Branch. In the Senhao case, the public prosecutor's office, while focusing on the first three main culprits, was lenient to false house buyers. "There were ***199 purchase contracts signed, and 250 houses were sold. None of the house purchases were genuine.

What is a loan?

The crime of loan refers to For the purpose of illegal possession, fabricate false reasons for introducing funds, projects, etc., use false economic contracts, use false certification documents, use false property rights certificates as guarantees, repeat guarantees exceeding the value of the collateral, or use other methods, banks or other financial institutions Institutional loans and larger amounts.

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1. Make up false reasons such as introducing funds and projects to defraud banks or other financial institutions for loans. This kind of situation has happened frequently in recent years. In Shanghai alone, dozens of fake investment cases occur every year. The perpetrators usually forge huge amounts of funds from a foreign consortium or huge personal deposits of "patriotic Chinese in the United States" to be paid in exchange for money. Deposit with a certain bank under preferential conditions in order to defraud the bank's loans and handling fees. In addition, there are many criminals who fabricate investment projects with good returns to defraud banks and other financial institutions for loans.

2. Use false economic contracts for loans from banks or other financial institutions. In order to support production, encourage exports, and increase the value of limited funds, banks or other financial institutions sometimes issue loans based on economic contracts. Some criminals forge or use false export contracts or other economic contracts that are very profitable in the short term. Loans from banks or other financial institutions. For example, criminal Zhang forged a company's export supply contract, applied for a loan of several million yuan from a bank in Shanghai with the false contract, and then absconded with the money.

3. Use false certification documents for loans from banks or other financial institutions. The so-called supporting documents refer to letters of guarantee, certificates of deposit and other documents required when applying for a loan from a bank or other financial institution. For example, a company issued a false deposit certificate through internal bank staff and used it to borrow millions of dollars from another bank.

4. Using false property rights certificates as guarantees or repeated guarantees exceeding the value of the collateral to defraud banks or other financial institutions for loans. The property rights certificate here refers to all documents that can prove that the perpetrator has ownership of real estate such as houses or movable assets such as cars, currency, and notes that can be redeemed at any time. For example, the criminal Zhang used a forged property certificate of a housing development company as collateral to defraud a bank for a loan of more than one million yuan.

5. For loans from banks or other financial institutions through other methods, the “other methods” here refer to those who forge the company’s official seal or seal to defraud loans; those who use fake currency as collateral to defraud loans; those who borrow money first and then Refusal to repay the loan through fraudulent means, etc. The spirit of this provision is that no matter what method the perpetrator uses to lend money, he must be held criminally responsible for this crime in accordance with the law.

The most complete inventory of "loan" routines. If you see any of them, please stay away immediately!

With the popularity of the concept of advance consumption and the rise of the online financial industry, "loans" have become the preferred method for many people who are in urgent need of funds. I often receive questions from fans, especially young fans: Are online loan intermediaries reliable? Can companies with unsecured, unsecured, and black account loans be considered? There should be no problem with the loan after signing a formal contract, right?

1. The purest loan: no loan after payment of fees

Zeng Chongming is preparing to open a new fruit shop and urgently needs 50,000 yuan. Yuan.

He saw an advertisement on the Internet for "no mortgage, no guarantee, regular company, fast loan", so he added the other party's QQ according to the contact information left above. The other party first sent a business license, introduced the loan requirements and signing process, and then sent an electronic contract for Zeng Chongming to fill out - although there was no meeting, everything seemed so formal.

After the contract was approved, the other party asked to pay an insurance premium of 5,000 yuan first. The reason was that it would be beneficial to both parties to have an insurance company as a guarantee. After a while, they said that Zeng Chongming was not qualified enough and needed to pay 15,000 yuan first. The deposit will be fully returned when the loan is made. After the payment was completed, the customer indeed received a cash check of 70,000 yuan (20,000 yuan returned by Bao Zhaowanshikuo), as well as a screenshot of the bank's transaction interface, but a service fee of 4,000 yuan was required before the check could be issued.

In order to get a loan as soon as possible, Zeng Chongming gave the other party 24,000, but he never got the cash check and was blocked?

Secret of the scam: This kind of loan is called "pure fraud" "Loans", that is, charging insurance premiums, deposits, activation fees, service fees, etc. in the name of issuing loans with a low threshold, but they will not give you any money until the last penny. The so-called cash checks and bank transaction statements are all forged in advance.

2. The most cross-border loan: water check, stolen loan

Zeng Chongming wanted to open a bakery again and needed 60,000 yuan in urgent need. He decided to kill him without paying various fees to the other party first.

He found a loan company online, and the other party sent him a link asking him to fill in his name, ID number, and mobile phone. Open the link and it looks very formal. Zeng Chongming filled it out without hesitation.

The next day, the other party called and said that the bank's results had been reported back because the bank's current flow was too low and it was unable to lend. Unless you immediately deposit 20,000 yuan to another bank card of your own. Zeng Chongming felt that there was no risk in depositing money on his bank card, so he immediately went to deposit money and told the other party his bank card account number and SMS verification code to facilitate the other party's feedback to the bank.

After a while, Zeng Chongming received a text message deducting 20,000 yuan, and was blocked?

Secret of the scam: This kind of loan is mainly from bank card fraud gangs When committing cross-border crimes, they will first collect your personal information, and then ask you to transfer money to your own account on the grounds of capital verification. Many people think that it is safer to transfer money to their own accounts. However, they do not know that after they ask for your bank card account number and SMS verification code, they can take the verification funds as their own through fraudulent transactions or online shopping.

3. The most frustrating loan: being cashed out and having to pay back

Zeng Chongming was preparing to open a new snack bar and needed 30,000 yuan in urgent need.

When he was about to go to the bank for a loan, he saw a sign saying "Bank Loans, Quick Loans". A "clerk" in a white shirt stopped him and asked him if he wanted to go to the bank for a loan. There was no need to queue up here.

Zeng Chongming provided his ID card as requested by the "staff" and signed an application form. The "staff" agreed that he could get a loan of 30,000 yuan in 15 days, but he needed to pay a handling fee of 3,000 yuan.

Fifteen days later, Zeng Chongming found the "staff member." The clerk asked for Zeng Chongming's mobile phone to be returned and after a while he came back with 27,000 yuan in cash.

Zeng Chongming went home happily, but a month later, he received a text message notification from the bank’s credit card center urging him to repay an overdraft of 30,000 yuan.

Secrets of the scam: The scammer pretends to be a bank employee and sets up a stall near the bank, claiming to have internal channels to quickly lend money. In essence, he uses your ID to apply for a credit card (collusion with bank insiders is not ruled out). Credit card After the application is successful, they will use your mobile phone to activate the credit card, then use the POS machine to swipe the credit limit and deduct the high handling fee. In fact, if you apply for a credit card yourself, you don’t have to pay any fees at all.

4. The loan Naokey regrets most: being exploited and made an accomplice

Zeng Chongming was preparing to open a new mobile phone film store and needed 20,000 yuan urgently.

He himself has basically become a credit card blacklist. He cannot apply for a loan from banks or online loan companies. Then he suddenly saw an advertisement: The latest opportunity, no matter whether it is a black or white account, does not charge any upfront fees. Hourly lending, a 10-point handling fee will be charged after success.

The other party claimed on QQ that it had mastered the latest loan loophole in Alipay and could lend money in 2 hours. Zeng Chongming cooperated with him and provided him with photos of the front and back of his ID card, a photo of his ID card, bank card, mobile phone number, and several text message verification codes. After some operations, the other party asked me to wait for two hours. Two hours later, Zeng Chongming discovered that he had been blocked.

Zeng Chongming was secretly glad that he did not give the money first, but less than a month later, two policemen came to the door. It turns out that the other party used the information he provided to register Alipay under his real name and then used it to become a scammer. Now he himself has become a suspect.

Secrets of the scam: Scammers take advantage of the mentality of some people who have low credit, are unable to get loans and are in urgent need of money, claiming that both black and white households can lend money. In fact, they use the information to register various financial apps and companies, and then provide other services for others. Criminals provide tools.

5. The most unclear loan: rent a car and become a defendant

Zeng Chongming wanted to open a fraud prevention training class and urgently needed 100,000 yuan.

This time he did not go to the Internet to find a loan intermediary. After being introduced by his wife’s neighbor’s third cousin’s classmate sister, he met a loan intermediary that was said to be very powerful. The agent said that such a large target required a vehicle as collateral, and directed him to go to a car rental company to rent a small car. Zeng Chongming completed the formalities at the car rental company and easily rented a car worth 100,000 yuan.

After the loan agent got the car, he asked Zeng Chongming to fill out an application form and agreed to release the loan in three days. But three days later, the agency could no longer be found, but the car rental company blocked the door every day asking Zeng Chongming to return the car?

Secret of the scam: The scammers’ target is actually the vehicles of major car rental companies. They After attracting people in the name of being able to apply for high-value loans, they tricked the lenders into renting a car as collateral. After getting the car, they immediately drove it to other places to sell it.

6. The most loss-making loan: taking out a loan and losing the car

After unremitting efforts, Zeng Chongming finally got a car of his own. He wants to open a restaurant this time and needs 200,000 in urgent need.

He wanted to find a real loan company and drive his own car to get the loan, so he wouldn't be cheated. He went to a vehicle loan company, and the manager promised that he could lend 200,000 yuan, and "only the principal would be pledged, not the car", which would not affect the use of the vehicle. Zeng Chongming was ecstatic. After signing multiple loan contracts, Zeng Chongming only received 150,000 yuan. The company said that according to industry regulations, the other 50,000 yuan was handling fees and liquidated damages.

Zeng Chongming repaid the loan on time every month, but one day, he suddenly found that his car was missing. It turned out that the company said that he violated the original regulations that the vehicle could not drive outside the third ring road of the city, and towed the car away. This car no longer belongs to Zeng Mingming.

Zeng Chongming hurriedly went to the loan company to ask, and the company came up with a "pledge contract" with a clearly stated clause: If Party B (Zeng Chongming) violates the company's vehicle management regulations, Party A will (The loan company) has the right to dispose of the vehicle.

Zeng Chongming’s eyes darkened and he almost fainted.

Secret of the scam: This is an obvious "routine car loan". The scammer first makes tens of thousands of yuan by charging high handling fees and liquidated damages, and then inadvertently asks you to sign a "pledge contract" . A pledge contract is different from a mortgage contract. Once there is a breach of contract, the loan company can legally take possession of it. In actual operation, loan companies will always create various reasons for you to default.

7. The bloodiest loan: Routine loan, ruining life

Zeng Chongming went through a long break and finally built up the courage to live again. But he couldn't do anything without money, so he decided to take out another loan.

This time he plans to find a regular company, sign a regular contract, pay no handling fees, or drive his own car until he gets the money, so he won't be cheated. Just in time, he received a sales call from a loan company, saying that he could get a credit loan of 150,000 yuan with "no qualifications and no mortgage required." As usual, more than ten contracts of various kinds had to be signed. Zeng Chongming browsed through them and found that they were all relatively formal, so he happily signed them.

The loan company was relatively trustworthy. After signing the contract, it transferred 150,000 yuan to Zeng Chongming's account, and then asked Zeng Chongming to give them 50,000 yuan, which was counted as handling fees and liquidated damages. Zeng Chongming thought for a while, it was all their money anyway, so it didn't matter if they gave it to them.

After Zeng Chongming received 100,000 yuan, he opened a small supermarket in the industrial zone. Unexpectedly, the business was very popular and he could earn thousands of yuan every day. As agreed in advance, he paid the interest to the company's salesperson on time every month (the company did not accept online transfers), but one day, he suddenly found that he could not contact the salesman.

A few days later, the company informed Zeng Chongming that he owed 190,000 yuan and demanded immediate repayment. Zeng Mingming was puzzled, so the other party took out a previous contract, which said: If the loan is not repaid on time, there will be a penalty rate of 3% per minute. It turns out that others calculate interest by the minute. Zeng Chongming wanted to go, but a lawyer told him that the loan company had transfer statements and formal contracts in hand, so it would be difficult to win. In less than a month, Zeng Chongming owed more than 1.2 million yuan. His house was mortgaged and he could not repay the debt. People blocked the door every day to collect debts.

Despaired, Zeng Chongming walked up to the rooftop of the 47th floor of the loan company’s building late one night?

Secret of the scam: This is an obvious “routine loan”. Scammers fix legal evidence by creating bank statements and signing contracts, and then deliberately create a breach of contract to make you pay back the payment. They then use the previously signed contract to levy high penalties and interest, and often you will owe millions in a few months. After you take on a high loan, they will embezzle your property, vehicles and other property.

Solemn reminder: If you need a loan, please go to a regular bank or a well-known online loan company and follow formal procedures. And you should not listen to the deceptions of various loan intermediaries and fall into the above loan scams. Once you confirm that you have been caught or trapped in a routine loan, you must call the police in time. Suffering and swallowing will only increase your losses.

Conditions for fraudulently obtaining loans

The crime of fraudulently obtaining loans must meet the following conditions: 1. The perpetrator has the subjective intention to deceive the financial institution. It should be noted that the understanding of deception methods should not be too broad, such as the perpetrator fabricating false credit certificates, fund uses, collateral values ??and other false materials. 2. Objectively deceive Xunshi into obtaining loans or financial instruments from financial institutions.

Banks or other financial institutions only issue a conclusion that the amount of non-performing loans has formed, and should not be deemed to be a significant economic loss amount. 3. Cause significant losses to financial institutions. Article 175-1 of the Criminal Law: Whoever obtains loans, bill acceptances, letters of credit, letters of guarantee, etc. from banks or other financial institutions by deceptive means, causing heavy losses to banks or other financial institutions, shall be sentenced to not more than three years or imprisonment. If a person is promoted to official service, he or she shall be fined concurrently or solely; if a person causes particularly heavy losses to a bank or other financial institution or there are other particularly serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to not less than three years but not more than seven years and concurrently fined. If a unit commits the crime in the preceding paragraph, it shall be fined, and the persons directly in charge and other directly responsible persons shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

That’s it for the introduction on how to get a loan.