1late March, 938 to1April, 6, 928, Xuzhou Battle was a large-scale defensive battle between the troops of the Fifth Theater of China and the Japanese North China Army and Central China Dispatching Army in the railway areas of Jinpu (Tianjin to Pukou) and Longhai (Baoji to Lianyungang). In this battle, the Japanese army used 8 divisions and 5 brigades with about 300,000 people. Before and after China entered Taierzhuang War, there were 70 divisions with about 1 10,000 people. For five months, the vast number of officers and men of China Army fought bravely. First, the Japanese army was stopped on the south bank of the Huaihe River on the southern line, which broke the attempt to join forces with the Japanese army on the northern line. Then on the northern line, the Japanese army on the East Road was defeated in Linyi, Shandong Province, and the right wing of the Japanese army on the West Road was blocked in Jiaxiang, Shandong Province, smashing the Japanese army's plan to meet in Taierzhuang. 1938 65438+1On October 26th, the Japanese 13 division attacked Fengyang and Bengbu in Anhui. The Japanese army thought it was a piece of cake to win Bengbu. Unexpectedly, they entered the south of Mingguang, that is, Li's 1 1 army deployed by Li Zongren and Yu Xuezhong's 5 1 army, which was blocked by Huaihe River, He Fei River and Huihe River. The two sides fought bloody battles for more than a month, regardless of the outcome. In the 5th war zone, Zhang Zizhong, commander of the 59th Army, led his troops to Guzhen to cooperate with the 5 1 Army to fight against the Japanese army on the north bank of Huaihe River. The enemy stayed here, but he couldn't cross the line. This was unexpected by the Japanese general and he was very angry. Therefore, Yan mobilized reinforcements and heavy weapons such as tanks and field guns from Nanjing to attack. When the enemy came menacingly, Li Zongren felt that he would be stubbornly blocked by desperation. When the enemy reinforcements assembled in Mingguang area, Li Zongren ordered Li in Bengbu to withdraw 3 1 army from Zimingguang mountain area on June+10/8, 5438, waiting for an opportunity to attack the southern end of Jinpu Road. Yu Xuezhong 5 1 Army transferred to the south to protect the north bank of Huaihe River. With the dangerous terrain, the enemy refused to cross Hebei, and the enemy reinforcements pounced on the light with the potential of hungry wolves. As a result, they failed to capture Li's main force alive. Then the Japanese army captured Dingyuan, Huaiyuan and other places, but found nothing. At this time, the 3 1 Army retreating from the west followed Li Zongren's instructions and attacked from the enemy's left side to the east, cutting the enemy on the Jinpu Road into several sections, surrounding it and destroying it. The enemy on the Huai-Hai front line was suddenly cut off at the back road, and I didn't know it was bad luck. It took a lot of effort to push the 3 1 Army westward from the Jin-Pu railway. Li Zongren then ordered the troops to adopt the tactics of the enemy advancing and retreating, and firmly pegged to the Jin-Pu line; At this time, the 2 1 Army participating in the Battle of Songhu moved north to Hefei, and its 48th Army held fast to the area of Furnace Bridge. After the 7th Army cooperated with 3 1 Army to attack Dingyuan Japan, it forced the main force of Japanese 13 Division to come back from the north bank of Huaihe River. The 59th Army and the 5 1 Army seized the opportunity to counterattack and recovered all positions north of the Huaihe River in early March. 2 1 Army and 3 1 Army went around from the south bank of Huaihe River to the north bank. It was difficult for the Japanese troops on both sides of Huaihe River to take care of it, and they stuck to the China army in Jinpu area, which made the Japanese army attack the Huaihe River basin completely bankrupt. In the battle to the south of Xuzhou, the Japanese army lost 3,000 to 4,000 people, and the China army achieved brilliant results. In addition to the bloody battle of China army, the people in northern Anhui gave great support to the army. People in northern Anhui are famous for their tenacity, courage and good fighting skills. There is a local saying: "Jiangnan uses paper paste and northern Anhui uses iron." When the Japanese army invaded the Huaihe River basin, people in northern Anhui organized to help China army stop the Japanese army. In Dingyuan, Mingguang and other places, the Japanese army was attacked by local people, making the Japanese army like ants on hot bricks. These armed men lurked in towns, villages and mountainous areas, and every village and town of the Japanese army was hit by them. At that time, more than 3,000 armed groups, including the Red Gun Club, attacked the Japanese army everywhere in northern Anhui, making the Japanese army restless day and night. The anti-Japanese armed forces led by China * * * also played a cooperative role in the blocking war in the Huaihe River Basin. Shortly before the fall of Nanjing, the Nanjing delegation of the Communist Party of China sent Li Shinong to Anhui to set up the Central Anhui Working Committee to mobilize and organize the people of all counties in central Anhui to resist Japan. 1in the spring of 938, guerrilla forces led by Wuwei County Committee of the Communist Party of China began to carry out guerrilla activities on both sides of Huainan Railway. At the beginning of 1938, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Zhang and Cao Yunlu back to Shouxian from Yan 'an to set up the Central Anhui Working Committee to carry out anti-Japanese guerrilla activities. 1at the beginning of March, 938, Bai Chongxi was ordered to go to Xuzhou to help Li Zongren fight, and consulted Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying about the operational policy. At that time, Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying suggested that the southern section of the Jin-Pu Railway should take joint action with mobile warfare as the mainstay and guerrilla warfare as the supplement, so that the Japanese army dared not rashly go north to support the Japanese army going south; In the north of Xuzhou, the policy of combining positional warfare with mobile warfare should be adopted to achieve the purpose of interspersed division and divide and rule. Bai Chongxi appreciated this proposal very much, and later implemented it accordingly. The New Fourth Army, led by China, also actively cooperated with the troops along Huai and Li Zongren to prevent the Japanese army from invading the north. Zhang led the First Division of the New Fourth Army to follow the instructions of the Central Military Commission and entered the battle between Bengbu, Xuzhou and Hefei. Instruct the New Fourth Army to cooperate with Li's army to contain the Japanese army crossing the Nanjing River in the north. The New Fourth Army actively cooperated with Kuomintang troops to carry out guerrilla warfare in the front battlefield of Huaihe River, which became an important part of the national war of resistance and wrote a glorious page in the history of the war of resistance. Although the bloody Huaihe River did not completely annihilate the Japanese invaders from the north, it made the Japanese army pay a huge price, delayed the Japanese army's action in the Huaihe River, shattered the Japanese army's predetermined strategy of "north-south attack", forced the Japanese army to adopt the strategy of "defending the south and attacking the north", and attacked tengxian and Yixian from the north, resulting in a situation of fighting alone, thus creating a good fighter for the China army to annihilate the Japanese army in Taierzhuang. While commanding the south of Xuzhou to stop the enemy advancing northward, Li Zongren also actively stopped the Japanese from going south in North China. According to the original operational plan, the battle north of Xuzhou was commanded by Han Fuju, deputy commander of the 5th Theater and commander-in-chief of the 3rd Army. I'm afraid Han Fuju stationed in Shandong is still trying to save his strength. On February 23, 65438+, after Guiren Town was captured by the Japanese army, Han Fuju left without fighting, causing serious consequences. On the 27th, Jinan fell, and the Japanese attacked Tai 'an from Boshan and Laiwu. 1 93865438+1October1,Taian fell into the hands of the second army of the Japanese Northern Army, Iwatani Liansuke. Han Fuju repeatedly defeated the land in the pool and opened the front door of Jinpu Road in the northern section, which enabled the Japanese army to advance in a straight line and cast a shadow over the battle of Xuzhou. Li Zongren repeatedly urged Han Fuju to recapture Tai 'an, and used it as a base to intercept the enemies going south. Han Fuju turned a deaf ear to Li Zongren's orders and made repeated mistakes. So Han was shot by Chiang Kai-shek and Sun took his place. At this time, after Chiang Kai-shek killed Han Fuju, China's army was shaken by China's army, and its morale was greatly boosted from the commander of the war zone to the ordinary soldiers. In order to ensure the safety of Xuzhou, Li Zongren ordered Sun (formerly the 3rd Army of Han Fuju) to advance to the east of the Canal, attack the Japanese strongholds in Jining and Wenshang, and contain the main enemy forces. The 22nd Division of Sunbu crossed the canal from Dachanggou on the night of February 12, and a small part climbed into Jining City on the night of February 14. The two sides fought hand-to-hand and bloody battles for several days. In the end, due to the disparity between the enemy and ourselves, the troops entering the city suffered heavy casualties and withdrew to the west bank of the canal on the night of February 17. At the same time, 8 1 division of 12 Army also went straight to Wenshang, and crossed the canal from Kaihe Town on the evening of 12, and one of them invaded Wenshang City from the northwest, which was fierce with the Japanese army. Finally, due to the weak population and serious losses, it was ordered by Li Zongren to withdraw to the west bank of the canal on 13. /KLOC-On October 9th, the Japanese army captured Anju Town, and on 22nd, it broke through the position of the 55th Army in Cao Fulin. On the 25th, the Japanese army broke through the position of Xinghua Village, and the defenders were forced to retreat to Xiangliji, Yangshanji and Juye. However, Li Zongren deployed a large number of troops on this front, constantly attacking the enemy who went south in the northern section, so that the enemy in this area could not go south, temporarily stabilizing the war situation. The main force of the Japanese Jin-Pu Line failed to attack south, so it changed its strategy. Two divisions led by young soldiers Masahiro Banyuan and Lian Jie Iwatani attempted to join forces with Taierzhuang. Once the Japanese army succeeds in Taierzhuang, it can coordinate the Japanese offensive at the southern end of Jinpu Road and win Xuzhou in one fell swoop. Banyuan and Iwatani are the elite divisions of the Japanese army. This attack is quite fierce, and it is possible to panic in the China army in one fell swoop. The Japanese army, with 70,000 to 80,000 troops, headed for Taierzhuang in two ways under the command of the commander of the Second North China Army, Nishio Shouzao. All the way to the 5 th Division of Sakamoto, along the road west of Ji Jiao, advancing to Linyi; All the way is Iwatani 10 Division, heading south along Jinpu Road and heading straight for Taierzhuang. In order to intercept the Japanese advance, China's army launched a fierce battle with the Japanese in Linyi and tengxian, which started the battle of Taierzhuang. In late February, the 5th Division of Japanese East Road went south from wei county, Shandong Province, and even entered Yishui, Juxian and Rizhao, heading straight for Linyi. China's 3rd Army 40th Army and other departments have been resisting. Li Zongren sent Pang Bingxun to set up a defensive position in Linyi to lure the enemy in-depth, stop the frontal attack of the Japanese 5th Division first, and then quickly send General Zhang Zizhong's 59th Army to help Linyi. Zhang Zizhong department at this time in the Huaihe river basin area, but after receiving the order, immediately with the fastest speed, reinforcements in the direction of Linyi. At this time, the Japanese army also mastered the trend of Zhang Zizhong's department, but the Japanese estimated that it would take three days for the 59th Army to get from Yixian to Linyi at the earliest, so the Japanese army thought it could beat the exhausted Pang Bingxun department in Linyi, and then fought back against Zhang Zizhong's department sooner or later. Therefore, the Japanese army estimated that Zhang Zizhong not only failed to get to Linyi in time to become a rescue army, but became a "dying army" delivered to the door. But Zhang Zizhong led the 59th Army to March day and night. This is the characteristic of the Northwest Army, which is hard-working, brave and good at fighting. Under the command of the commander, it was able to arrive in Linyi in advance within one day and one night. So, when the enemy was completely unprepared, the 59th Army stormed the back of the 5th Division of the Japanese Army, and Pang Bingxun's soldiers fought back from the position with their lives. The Japanese never thought that China's army would play this desperate game of internal and external attack. Therefore, in the Linyi decisive battle from March 14 to March 18, the Japanese 5th Division suffered extremely heavy losses, and the Japanese army could not continue to support the operation, so it had to retreat to Juxian and wait for rescue. (At that time, although the Japanese army fled with more than 100 trucks full of Japanese corpses, many bodies were left on the battlefield. The Japanese army has always attached great importance to the disposal of compatriots' bodies. It's not so critical that there is no way. It usually tries to take them back to incineration and bring the ashes back to Japan. The victory of the battle of Linyi cut off the left arm of the Japanese army in the northern section of Jinpu Road, which provided an opportunity for Li Zongren to go deep into the Ji Gu Division of Taierzhuang after the Battle of Taierzhuang. While Sakahara suffered repeated battles and defeats, Yu Gu, head of Japan West Road 10 Division, was still full of Bushido spirit, desperate and pushing southward day by day. Li Zongren transferred Deng Xihou, 22nd Sichuan Army and Sun Zhen 4 1 Army to tengxian to repel the enemy. Sun Zhenbu had just deployed to tengxian, and on March 14, Iwatani Division launched an attack. The Japanese bombed dozens of planes and more than 30 cannons, and the garrison commander Wang Weizhan. /Kloc-On the evening of March, 0/7, the Japanese army captured tengxian (now Tengzhou) with artillery fire. 4 1 Army of 22nd Army in China Garrison fought bravely and suffered heavy casualties. To 17, Wang Zhuguo, commander of the garrison 122 division, suffered 5000 casualties. Li Zongren saw the danger in tengxian and urgently ordered Tang, the 20th army commander newly assigned to the 5th Theater Command, to send troops to help. The 8 1 Army, the main force of the Tang Dynasty, failed to arrive in time because of the long journey, and tengxian fell. The enemy suffered heavy losses, with more than 2000 casualties. In this campaign, the 22 nd Army blocked the enemy with absolute superiority for three and a half days with inferior equipment and troops, which won favorable time and laid the foundation for victory after the 5 th war zone. On March 20th, under the cover of aircraft, the Japanese Iwatani Division concentrated 40,000 people, equipped with tanks and artillery, and launched a fierce attack on Taierzhuang in an attempt to capture Xuzhou in one fell swoop. Li Zongren led Sun Lianzhong, commander-in-chief of the 2nd Army, to stick to Taierzhuang, and Tang, head of the 20th Army, led the way to make way for the front of the Jin-Pu Railway, and turned to Lanling and its northwest Yungu mountainous area to lure the enemy in and wait for the enemy to break through. On March 23, the Japanese army went south from Zaozhuang and fought with the garrison troops in Kangzhuang and Nigou on the north side of Taierzhuang. Since the 24th, the Japanese army has stormed Taierzhuang many times, but failed to attack the village. The second army of defenders stubbornly resisted and fought fiercely with the Japanese army. The Japanese army stormed for three days and nights before rushing into the city. The defenders of China in the city fought a fierce street battle with the Japanese aggressors. Although the Japanese army occupied two-thirds of the village, the defenders of China who stayed in Nanguan area held their positions to the death, in order to complete the anti-encirclement of the peripheral forces by the Japanese army. This is Li Zongren's long-established battle plan. Some troops will defend Taierzhuang, and the defenders will try their best to stall the enemy and let the troops outside the village surround the Japanese aggressors and catch a turtle in a jar. On 28th, the Japanese army invaded the northwest corner of Taierzhuang, seeking the west gate, and cut off the contact between the headquarters of China Garrison 3 1 Division and the village. Under the command of teacher Chi Fengcheng, he suppressed the enemy with powerful artillery fire and organized dozens of death squads to fight hand-to-hand with the enemy. The 52nd Army of Tang Legion and the 85th Army of Guan He attacked Japanese troops in Zaozhuang and Yixian from outside. On the 29th, the Japanese Laigu detachment once again sent troops to support and occupied the eastern half of Taierzhuang. 3 1, the defenders of China will enter the Laigu detachment in Taierzhuang area and be completely surrounded. At that time, Sakamoto detachment transferred from Linyi to Taierzhuang for support, arrived in Xiangcheng and Aiqu areas, and attacked the 20 th Army. The regiment immediately ordered the 52nd Army and the newly arrived 75th Army to besiege Sakamoto detachment. After several days of fierce fighting, it was hit hard by the Japanese army, and its plan to rescue the Seya detachment fell through. Seeing that the rescue was hopeless, Iwatani Division decided to fight with death and kill their eyes one by one. Although the Kuomintang army besieged with five times as many troops and suffered heavy casualties, it was difficult to destroy the enemy and the war was in a stalemate for a while. On April 3, Li Zongren issued a general attack order. The 52nd Army, 85th Army and 75th Army launched a fierce offensive against the enemy near Taierzhuang. The Japanese army fought hard and occupied most of the market. China's army launched a barricade war and fought back one after another, destroying the enemy and retaking the market occupied by the Japanese army. On the 4th, China Air Force bombed the Japanese positions in the northeast and northwest of Taierzhuang with 27 planes. That night, the Japanese Laigu detachment was exhausted, blew up the immovable materials and fled to Fengxian. On April 6, Li Zongren rushed to Taierzhuang, and personally commanded China's army to launch an all-out attack on the divisions in the Rocky Valley. Sun Lianzhong, who has been defending the attacked department, was very excited when he heard the news of the counterattack. When he gave the order, there was a lot of killing. The two sides started street fighting and hand-to-hand combat. At that time, there were bullets and rivers of blood in Taierzhuang. For the first time, the Japanese army was so stubbornly attacked by the Kuomintang army that it was soon wiped out. In the north of Taierzhuang, gunfire is getting denser and denser, and the Tang Legion has opened fire on the enemy. Ikeguchi has fallen into the encirclement and began to waver, ordering the troops to retreat across the board. At this point, the enemy has become a spent force, ammunition and gasoline have been used up, motor vehicles have been destroyed, and the whole army has lost its soul and fled in haste. Li Zongren ordered the troops to give chase, and the bodies of enemy soldiers were everywhere, and all kinds of trench were everywhere. Iwatani himself led the remnants to break through. After four days of fierce fighting, the China army hit the Japanese Laigu detachment and Sakamoto detachment, and the remaining Japanese troops retreated to Yicheng and Zaozhuang on the 7th. At this point, the battle of Taierzhuang won. The Battle of Taierzhuang, under the personal command of Li Zongren, defeated the main force of the 5th and 10 elite divisions of the Japanese army, annihilated more than 20,000 Japanese troops and seized a large number of weapons and ammunition, which seriously dampened the arrogance of the Japanese army. This was a great victory of the Kuomintang battlefield in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. Inspired the whole nation's anti-Japanese war spirit and strengthened the victory of China people War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.