For example, when the price of a futures is 100 yuan, investors think it will fall later and go short. When futures fall to 90 yuan, selling empty orders will earn a spread of 10 yuan per lot.
Futures fluctuate greatly and are prone to short positions. Investors should pay attention to the following points when shorting:
Control your position, you can't do Man Cang operation like stock trading, you should leave enough funds to deal with the risks brought by the later trend of futures.
We should keep track of the changes in the market in time. When the market changes in the opposite direction, we should close the position in time, instead of just holding it or setting a stop loss position.
When trading futures, investors try to choose small leverage operation.
Futures, whose English name is futures, is completely different from spot. Spot is actually a tradable commodity. Futures are mainly not commodities, but standardized tradable contracts based on some popular products such as cotton, soybeans and oil and financial assets such as stocks and bonds. Therefore, the subject matter can be commodities (such as gold, crude oil and agricultural products) or financial instruments.
The delivery date of futures can be one week later, one month later, three months later or even one year later.
A contract or agreement to buy or sell futures is called a futures contract. The place where futures are bought and sold is called the futures market. Investors can invest or speculate in futures.
The standardized contract made by the futures exchange stipulates that a certain quantity and quality of the subject matter will be delivered at a specific time and place in the future.
Futures commission: equivalent to the commission in the stock. For stocks, the expenses of stock trading include stamp duty, commission and transfer fees. Relatively speaking, the cost of engaging in futures trading is only the handling fee. Futures commission refers to the fees paid by futures traders according to a certain proportion of the total contract value after the transaction.
Initial margin is the money that traders need to pay when they open new positions. According to the transaction amount and the margin ratio, that is, initial margin = transaction amount * adjusted margin ratio. At present, the minimum margin ratio in China is 5% of the transaction amount, which is generally between 3% and 8% internationally.
For example, the soybean margin ratio of Dalian Commodity Exchange is 5%. When a customer buys five soybean futures contracts (each 10 ton) at a price of 2,700 yuan/ton, he needs to pay an initial deposit of 6 750 yuan to the exchange (that is, 2,700× 5×10× 5%).
In the process of holding positions, traders will have floating profits and losses (the difference between settlement price and transaction price) due to the constant changes of market conditions, so the funds actually available in the margin account can be increased or decreased at any time. Floating profit will increase the balance of margin account, while floating loss will decrease the balance of margin account.
The minimum balance that must be kept in the margin account is called maintenance margin. Maintenance margin: the settlement price is adjusted to the position, and the margin ratio is adjusted to xk(k is a constant, which is called the maintenance margin ratio, which is usually 0.75 in China).